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NREMT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Which of the following MOST accurately defines an allergic reaction? A) An exaggerated immune system response to any substance B) Destruction of the immune system by an external substance C) A release of erythrocytes in response to a foreign substance
D) A direct negative effect on the body by an external substance - Correct
answer A) An exaggerated immune system response to any substance
You are caring for a conscious, confused patient with left-sided hemiparalysis. His airway is patent and his respirations are 22 breaths/minute with adequate tidal volume. Treatment for this patient should include: A) Oxygen via nonrebreather mask, left lateral recumbent position, and transport. B) Assisted ventilation with a BVM, right lateral recumbent position, and transport C) An oral airway, assisted ventilation with a BVM, Fowler's position, and transport D) Oxygen via nonrebreather mask, supine postition with the legs elevated
6" to 12" and transport - Correct answer D) Oxygen via nonrebreather
mask, supine position with legs elevated 6" to 12" and transport A young female presents with costovertebral angle tenderness. She is conscious and alert with stable vital signs. Which of the following organs is MOST likely causing her pain? A) Liver B) Kidney C) Pancreas
D) Gallbladder - Correct answer B) Kidney
A 62 year-old male presents with crushing chest pain, which he describes as being the same kind of pain that he had with a previous heart attack. He has prescribed nitroglycerin, but states he has not taken any. After administering 100% oxygen and contacting medical control you should: A) Begin immediate transport and request rendezvous with a paramedic unit.
B) Assist him with his nitroglycerin unless his systolic BP is less than 100 mm HG C) Administer up to three doses of nitroglycerin before assessing his blood pressure D) Administer the nitroglycerin unless he has taken Viagra within the past
72 hours - Correct answer B) Assist him with his nitroglycerin unless his
systolic BP is less than 100 mm Hg You receive a call to a local daycare center for an unconscious 8-month-old infant. Upon arrival, you perform an assessment and determine that the infant is not breathing. After delivering two rescue breaths, you should: A) Assess for the presence of a brachial pulse. B) Begin chest compressions and request backup C) Immediately transport the child to the hospital
D) Assess for a carotid pulse for 10 to 15 seconds - Correct answer A)
Assess for the presence of a brachial pulse You are dispatched to a residence for a young female who is "sick" The patient complains of a rash to her lower extremities and truncal area. Your assessment reveals a small, painful blister on her inner thigh. As your partner is taking the patient's vital signs, she states that she and her family returned from a camping trip 2 days ago. On the bass of this patient's presentation, you should suspect: A) Lyme disease B) An allergic reaction C) Exposure to poison ivy
D) Rocky mountain spotted fever - Correct answer D) Rocky mountain
spotted fever You arrive at the scene of a motor vehicle versus pedestrian accident. The patient, a 13-year-old male, is unconscious and has multiple injuries. As you are treating the child, a law enforcement officer advises you that the child's parents will be at the scene in approximately 15 minutes. What should you do? A) Transport the child immediately and have the parents meet you at the hospital B) Treat the child at the scene and wait for the parents to arrive and give consent
was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease 6 months ago. The patient's speech is slurred and she is not alert to her surroundings. You should A) Transport the patient to a psychiatric facility B) Inquire about the possibility of head trauma C) Conclude that the patient's blood sugar is high
D) Allow the patient to refuse transport if she wishes - Correct answer
B) Inquire about the possibility of head trauma During your visual inspection of a19-year-old patient in labor, you see the baby's head crowning at the vaginal opening. What should you do? A) Apply gentle pressure to the baby's head as it delivers B) tell the mother not to push and transport her immediately C) Place your fingers in the vagina to assess for a nuchal cord
D) Maintain firm pressure to the head until it completely delivers - Correct
answer A) Apply gentle pressure to the baby's head as it delivers
What is the MOST appropriate management for an uninjured semiconscious 40-year-old male with respirations of 20 breaths/minute and adequate tidal volume? A) Place him in a supine position and assist ventilations with a BVM device B) Position him in a semi-sitting position and give oxygen via nasal cannula C) Place him in Fowler's position and give him 100% oxygen as needed D) Place him on his left side and administer oxygen via a nonrebreather
mask - Correct answer D) Place him on his left side and administer
oxygen via a nonrebreather mask A 4-year-old male ingested an unknown quantity of Tylenol, the child's mother states that the ingestion occurred approximately 20 minutes ago. the child is conscious and alert and in no apparent distress. after contacting medical control, you should: A) Induce vomiting with syrup of ipecac B) Transport the child for definitive care C) Administer up to 25g of activated charcoal
D) Give the child cold milk to absorb the Tylenol - Correct answer C)
Administer up to 25g of activated charcoal A 50-year-old male was stung by a honeybee approximately 15 minutes ago. He presents with respiratory distress, facial swelling, and hypotension. After placing him on oxygen and administering his epinephrine auto-
injector, you note that his breathing has improved. Additionally his facial swelling is resolving and his blood pressure is stable. Your next action should be to: A) Load him into the ambulance and transport to the hospital B) Visualize his airway to assess for oropharyngeal swelling C) Notify medical control of the situation and your treatment
D) Record the time and dose of the injection on the run form - Correct
answer D) Record the time and dose of the injection on the run form
You are dispatched to an apartment complex for a young male with abdominal pain. Your priority upon arriving at the scene should be to: A) Quickly gain access to the patient B) Notify dispatch of your arrival C) Assess the scene for potential hazards
D) Place a paramedic ambulance on standby - Correct answer C)
Assess the scene for potential hazards Shortly after assisting a 65-year-old female with her prescribed nitroglycerin, you note that she has become hypotensive and complains of dizziness. the patient remains conscious and her breathing is adequate. You should: A) Wait 5 minutes and reassess her BP B) Transport her in a Fowler's position C) Place her supine and elevate her legs
D) Assist ventilations with a BVM device - Correct answer C) Place her
supine and elevate her legs Medical control gives you an order that seems inappropriate for the patient's condition. After confirming that you heard the physician correctly, you should: A) Carry out the order and then carefully document it on the run form B) Advise the physician that the order is unclear and ask for clarification C) State that you will not carry out the order because it is inappropriate D) Obtain consent from the patient and then carry out the order as usual -
Correct answer B) Advise the physician that the order is unclear and
ask for clarification You arrive at a grocery store shortly after a 35-year-old male stopped seizing. Your assessment reveals that he is confused and incontinent of
A man finds his 59-year-old wife unconscious on the couch. He states that she takes medications for type II Diabetes. He further tells you that his wife has been ill recently and has not eaten for the past 24 hours. Your assessment reveals that the patient is responsive to painful stimuli only. You should: A) Quickly assess for the presence of a medic-alert tage B) Administer 100% oxygen via a nonrebreather mask C) Open and maintain her airway and assess breathing
D) Administer oral glucose between her cheek and gum - Correct
answer C) Open and maintain her airway and assess breathing
A patient with a persistent cough informs an EMT-B that he has tested positive for HIV. On the basis of this information, the EMT-B refuses to treat the patient. Which of the following statements BEST describes the situation A) Medically Prudent B) Legally acceptable C) Ethically unacceptable
D) Reasonable and justifiable - Correct answer C) Ethically
unacceptable A patient partially regains consciousness en route from his office to the emergency department. Although somewhat confused, the patient tells you that he feels fine and does not want to go to the hospital. Under these circumstances, you should: A) Document the patient's request but continue to transport him B) Have the patient sign a refusal form and return him to his office C) Request that the police place the patient under protective custody D) Assess whether or not the patient's mental condition is impaired -
Correct answer D) Assess whether or not the patient's mental condition
is impaired An unrestrained patient is sitting in his car after an automobile crash. He is conscious and alert, has no visible trauma, and is complaining of neck and back pain. Before removing him from his car, you should: A) Slide a scoop stretcher under his buttocks and rotate him laterally B) Apply a cervical collar and immobilize him with a vest style device C) Perform a detailed head-to-toe assessment and apply a cervical collar
D) Maintain manual stabilization of his head and grasp him by the clothes -
Correct answer B) Apply a cervical collar and immobilize him with a vest
style device You respond to the scene of a motor-vehicle collision. Upon arrival, you find a young female sitting on the curb. Other than a small abrasion to her forehead, she does not appear to be seriously injured. As you are performing your initial assessment on the patient, a police officer advises you that her husband, the driver of the vehicle, was killed in the accident. What is your MOST appropriate next action? A) Complete the initial assessment and perform a rapid trauma assessment B) Obtain the patient's vital signs and ask her if she wants to be transported C) Fully immobilize the patient's spine and transport her to a trauma center D) Perform a focused exam on the patient with emphasis on her forehead -
Correct answer A) Complete the initial assessment and perform a rapid
trauma assessment A 37-year-old female with a history of diabetes presents with excessive urination and weakness of 2 days' duration. You apply 100% oxygen and assess her blood glucose level, which reads 320 mg/dL. If the patient's condition is not promptly treated, she will MOST likely develop A) Severe insulin shock B) Acidosis and dehydration C) Complete renal failure
D) hypoxia and overhydration - Correct answer B) Acidosis and
dehydration You are assessing a conscious 55-year-old male with a sudden change in behavior. Which of the following clinical findings would be MOST suggestive of dysfunction of the patient's central nervous system? A) an irregular pulse B) Rapid eye movement C) Excessive tearing or crying
D) Consistent eye contact with you - Correct answer B) Rapid eye
movement You have just delivered a full-term infant. His respirations are rapid and irregular and he has a strong cry. What should you do next?
D) introduce yourself to the patient - Correct answer D) Introduce
yourself to the patient While examining a woman in labor, you see the umbilical cord protruding from the vagina. You should: A) Carefully push the cord back into the vagina B) Push the infants head away from the cord C) Cover the umbilical cord with a dry dressing
D) Gently pull on the cord to facilitate delivery - Correct answer B) Push
the infants head away from the cord A 59-year-old male presents with a sudden onset of severe lower back pain. He is conscious and alert, but very restless and diaphoretic. Your assessment reveals a pulsating mass to the left of his umbilicus. You should: A) Vigorously palpate the abdomen to establish pain severity B) Administer oxygen and prepare for immediate transport C) Place the patient in a sitting position and transport at once
D) Request a paramedic unit to give the patient pain medication - Correct
answer B) Administer oxygen and prepare for immediate transport
While en route to a call for a patient with chest pain, you encounter a bridge that is covered with fast-moving water and is not barricaded off. You should: A) Notify dispatch that you are out of service and have another unit respond B) Contact dispatch to have barricades placed and attempt to cross the bridge C) Notify your dispatcher of your delay and take an alternate route to the scene D) Use your ambulance as a barricade to prevent others from crossing the
bridge - Correct answer C) Notify your dispatcher of your delay and take
an alternate route to the scene When a warm hand is immersed in water that is 70 degrees F, heat is transferred from the hand to the water through a process called: A) Radiation B) Conduction C) Convection
D) Evaporation - Correct answer B) Conduction
You have just delivered a baby boy. His body is pink, but his hands and feet are blue. His heart rate is approximately 110 beats/minute and his respirations are rapid and irregular. He has a weak cry when stimulated and resists attempts to straighten his legs. His APGAR score is A) 6 B) 7 C) 8
D) 9 - Correct answer C) 8
A 66-year-old male presents with bizarre behavior. His daughter states that he didn't seem to recognize her and was very rude to her. The patient is conscious and has a patent airway and adequate breathing. You should: A) Conclude the patient has Alzheimer's disease. B) Ask the daughter how her father normally behaves C) Carefully restrain the patient and transport at once
D) Advise the patient that his behavior is unacceptable - Correct answer
B) Ask the daughter how her father normally behaves You are treating a man with a closed head injury following an assault by a burglar. The patient, who has slurred speech, becomes verbally abusive and tells you to "leave him alone." You should: A) Ask a police officer to transport the patient to the hospital B) Allow him to refuse treatment since the injury was not his fault. C) Proceed with treatment and utilize law enforcement if necessary. D) Have the police arrest him so that you can legally begin treatment -
Correct answer C) Proceed with treatment and utilize law enforcement if
necessary A 66-year-old female with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with substernal chest pressure of 2 hours' duration. Her blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg, Pulse is 100 beats/minute and irregular, and respirations are 22 breaths/minute with adequate depth. The patient does not have prescribed nitroglycerin, but her husband does. You should: A) Administer oxygen, perform a focused exam, and transport at once B) Obtain a SAMPLE history and contact medical control for advice C) give her 100% oxygen, attach the AED and transport immediately
D) Non-insulin-dependent disease - Correct answer B) Cardiovascular
disease You and your partner enter the residence of an elderly couple, both of whom are found unconscious in their bed. There is no evidence of trauma. As you begin your assessment, you and your partner notice the smell of natural gas in the residence. Which of the following should be your MOST appropriate action? A) Perform a rapid assessment and then move the patients from the residence B) Request another ambulance to assist with the lifting and moving of patients C) Quickly exit the residence and request the fire department to move the patients D) Rapidly remove the patients from their residence using a blanket or
clothes drag - Correct answer D) Rapidly remove the patients from their
residence using a blanket or clothes drag In addition to ensuring his or her own safety, the EMT-B's responsibility when caring for a patient with a behavioral emergency is to: A) Defuse and control the situation and safely transport the patient B) Diagnose the patient's problem and provide definitive treatment C) Transport the patient directly to a specialized psychiatric facility D) Determine the underlying cause of the problem and offer advice -
Correct answer A) Defuse and control the situation and safely transport
the patient A 75-year-old male with a history of insulin-dependent diabetes presents with chest pain and a general feeling of weakness. He tells you that he took his insulin today and ate a regular meal approximately 2 hours ago. You should treat this patient as though he is experiencing A) Hypoglycemia B) An actual stroke C) Hyperglycemia
D) A heart attack - Correct answer D) A heart attack
You respond to a residence for a child who is having a seizure. Upon arrival at the scene, you enter the residence and find the mother holding her child, a 2-year-old male. The child is conscious and crying. According
to the mother, the child had been running a high fever and then experience a seizure that lasted approximately 3 minutes. You should: A) cover the child with wet towels and give oxygen via nasal cannula B) Transport the child to the hospital and reassure the mother en route C) Advise the mother to take her child to the doctor the following day D) Call medical control and request permission to give the child tylenol -
Correct answer B) Transport the child to the hospital and reassure the
mother en route You are assessing a 60-year-old male with severe chest pain. When communicating with the patient, you should: A) Use medical terminology to ensure that the patient understands you B) Ask him if he has high blood pressure or has ever had a heart attack C) Avoid answering direct questions for fear of causing patient anxiety D) Ask him if he has ever been diagnosed with a myocardial infarction -
Correct answer B) Ask him if he has high blood pressure or has ever
had a heart attack You have just administered subcutaneous epinephrine to a 22-year-old male from his AnaKit. After properly disposing of the syringe, you should: A) Have him chew and swallow the antihistamine tablets B) Transport at once and carefully monitor his condition C) Prepare another dose of epinephrine in case it is needed
D) Apply a chemical cold pack to the site of the sting or bite - Correct
answer B) Transport at once and carefully monitor his condition
You are dispatched to a local high school track and field even for a 16- year-old male who fainted. The outside temperature is approximately 95 degrees F with high humidity. Upon your arrival, the patient is conscious, alert and complains of nausea and headache. His skin is cool, clammy, and pale. You should: A) Give him a liquid salt solution to drink B) Administer 100% supplemental oxygen C) Apply chemical ice packs to his axillae
D) Move him into the cooled ambulance - Correct answer D) Move him
into the cooled ambulance You are treating a 20-year-old male with a history of diabetes. The patient states that he is not feeling well. His vital signs are stable; however, he is
You are dispatched to an office building for a 49-year-old male with chest pain. When you arrive at the scene, you find the patient to be conscious and alert, but in obvious pain. He tells you that he did not call 9-1-1, a coworker did. He further states that he does not want to be treated or transported to the hospital. You should: A) Ensure that he is aware of the risks of refusing medical care B) Err in the best interest of the patient and transport him at once C) Have him sign a refusal of care form and then return to service D) Tell him that he is having a heart attack and needs medical care -
Correct answer A) Ensure that he is aware of the risks of refusing
medical care A 33-year-old woman who is 36 weeks' pregnant is experiencing scant vaginal bleeding. During transport, you note that she suddenly becomes diaphoretic, tachycardic, and hypotensive. In addition to administering 100% oxygen, you should: A) Place her in a left lateral recumbent position B) Position her supine and elevate her legs 12" C) Carefully place sterile gauze into her vagina
D) Begin assisting her ventilations with a BVM - Correct answer A)
Place her in a left lateral recumbent position A 75-year-old male with a terminal illness has died at home. As you and your partner enter the residence, a family member becomes verbally abusive, pushes you and states that you took too long to get there. You should: A) Retreat and notify law enforcement personnel B) Tell the family member that it is not your fault C) Subdue the family member until the police arrive
D) Ignore the family member and assess the patient - Correct answer
A) Retreat and notify law enforcement personnel A 35-year-old woman who is 30 weeks' pregnant presents with a severe headache and swelling in her hands and feet. She is conscious and alert with a blood pressure of 148/94 mm Hg, a pulse of 100 beats/minute, respirations of 24 breaths/minute. During transport you should be most concerned with: A) Her prematurely delivering the baby B) The possibility that she may experience a seizure
C) Using your lights and siren to clear the traffic
D) Her hypertension causing a hemorrhagic stroke - Correct answer B)
The possibility that she may experience a seizure A 23-year-old male experience severe head trauma after his motorcycle collided with an oncoming truck. He is unconscious, has rapid and shallow breathing, and is producing copious bloody secretions from his mouth. How should you manage his airway? A) Suction his oropharynx with a rigid catheter until all secretion are removed B) Insert a nasopharyngeal airway and provide suction and assisted ventilations C) Altertnate 15 seconds of oral suctioning with 2 minutes of assisted ventilation D) Provide continuous ventilations with a BVM device to minimize tissue
hypoxia - Correct answer C) Alternate 15 seconds of oral suctioning
with 2 minutes of assisted ventilation While on duty, your partner asks you out on a date and touches you in an inappropriate location without your consent. You should: A) Tell your partner to quit kidding around and focus on his or her job B) Warn your partner that you will report him or her if it happens again C) Notify law enforcement personnel and have your partner arrested D) Tell your partner to stop and report the incident to your supervisor -
Correct answer D) Tell your partner to stop and report the incident to
your supervisor You are attempting to resuscitate a 50-year-old male in cardiac arrest. He is on the second floor of his home. What is the MOST appropriate device to use when carrying him to the first floor? A) Long backboard B) Wheeled stretcher C) Folding stair chair
D) Portable stretcher - Correct answer A) Long backboard
A 50-year-old male presents with an altered mental status. His wife tells you he had a "small stroke" 3 years ago, but has otherwise been in good health. The patient is responsive, but unable to follow commands. After administering oxygen, you should:
A 48-year-old male was stung on the leg by a jellyfish while swimming in the ocean. He is conscious and alert, but complains of intense pain at the wound site. Specific treatment for this patient includes: A) Irrigating the wound with vinegar and immersing his leg in hot water B) Pulling the nematocysts out with tweezers and bandaging the wound C) Immersing his leg in fresh cold water and scraping away the stingers D) Applying a chemical ice pack to the wound and encouraging movement
- Correct answer A) Irrigating the wound with vinegar and immersing his leg in hot water You are transporting a 40-year-old male with respiratory distress. The patient tells you that he recently had a positive TB skin test and is currently being evaluated for possible Tuberculosis. You should: A) Apply a nonrebreather mask on the patient and a HEPA respirator on yourself B) Remain at least 3 feet away from the patient and apply a surgical mask on him C) Apply a sterile surgical mask on yourself and a HEPA respirator on the patient D) Apply a nasal cannula on the patient and a sterile surgical mask on
yourself - Correct answer A) Apply a nonrebreather mask on the patient
and a HEPA respirator on yourself Your patient is a 55-year-old female with a history of emphysema and congestive heart failure. As you assess her, you notice that she is cyanotic and has severely labored respirations. In between her broken sentences she states that she has a prescribed inhaler. You should: A) Begin ventilatory assistance and contact medical control B) Adminster the medication and obtain a set of vital signs C) Apply a nonrebreather mask and administer her inhaler
D) Ask the patient when she last used her prescribed inhaler - Correct
answer A) Begin ventilatory assistance and contact medical control
A 49-year-old male presents with confusion, sweating, and visual hallucinations. The patient's wife tells you that he is a "heavy drinker" and she thinks he had a seizure shortly before your arrival. The patient is MOST likely experiencing: A) Acute hypovolemia B) Alcohol intoxication
C) Acute schizophrenia
D) Delirium Tremens (DTs) - Correct answer D) Delirium Tremens
A 37-year-old male is found unconscious in his car. His airway is patent and his respirations are rapid and labored. As you and your partner are assessing and treating the patient, a police officer hands you a medication named "Alupent" which he found in the backseat of the patient's car. This medication suggests that the patient has a history of: A) Asthma B) Heart disease C) Hypertension
D) Allergic reactions - Correct answer A) Asthma
