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NRSG 327: Final Exam Questions and Answers - Nursing Fundamentals, Exams of Nursing

Montana State University Nursing

A set of multiple-choice questions and answers covering various aspects of nursing fundamentals, including infection control, pain management, patient safety, and geriatric care. It serves as a valuable resource for nursing students preparing for their final exam, offering insights into key concepts and practical applications.

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2024/2025

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NRSG 327: FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% ACCURATE

ANSWERS

1) The nurse is removing personal protective equipment (PPE). Which item should be

removed first?

a.) Gown

b.) Gloves

c.) Face shield

d.) Hair covering -- Correct Answer ✔✔ b.) gloves

2) A patient with tuberculosis is admitted to the hospital. Which precautions must the

nurse institute when caring for this patient?

a.) Droplet transmission

b.) Airborne transmission

c.) Direct contact

d.) Indirect contact -- Correct Answer ✔✔ b.) Airborne transmission

3) The nurse is caring for a patient who has hepatitis B, and the nurse accidentally sticks

themself with a contaminated needle after administering an injection. Which action

should the nurse take first?

a.) Thoroughly flush the area with water.

b.) Immediately notify the supervisor.

c.) Complete an incident report using objective data.

d.) Obtain baseline lab work as quickly as possible. -- Correct Answer ✔✔ a.)

Thoroughly flush the area with water.

4) The hospital nurse educator is preparing an orientation class for those newly hired

on the surgical suite. Which information will the educator include in the orientation

curriculum regarding hand and fingernail care? Select all that apply.

a.) Healthcare staff must routinely inspect their hands for breaks in the skin.

b.) Artificial nails are permitted if properly secured to the nail bed.

c.) Wristwatches may be worn as long as they are all metal.

Partial preview of the text

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NRSG 327: FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% ACCURATE

ANSWERS

The nurse is removing personal protective equipment (PPE). Which item should be removed first? a.) Gown b.) Gloves c.) Face shield d.) Hair covering -- Correct Answer ✔✔ b.) gloves
A patient with tuberculosis is admitted to the hospital. Which precautions must the nurse institute when caring for this patient? a.) Droplet transmission b.) Airborne transmission c.) Direct contact d.) Indirect contact -- Correct Answer ✔✔ b.) Airborne transmission
The nurse is caring for a patient who has hepatitis B, and the nurse accidentally sticks themself with a contaminated needle after administering an injection. Which action should the nurse take first? a.) Thoroughly flush the area with water. b.) Immediately notify the supervisor. c.) Complete an incident report using objective data. d.) Obtain baseline lab work as quickly as possible. -- Correct Answer ✔✔ a.) Thoroughly flush the area with water.
The hospital nurse educator is preparing an orientation class for those newly hired on the surgical suite. Which information will the educator include in the orientation curriculum regarding hand and fingernail care? Select all that apply. a.) Healthcare staff must routinely inspect their hands for breaks in the skin. b.) Artificial nails are permitted if properly secured to the nail bed. c.) Wristwatches may be worn as long as they are all metal.

d.) Healthcare staff are to avoid wearing nail polish. e.) Fingernail length should be kept to half inch or less. -- Correct Answer ✔✔ a.) Healthcare staff must routinely inspect their hands for breaks in the skin. d.) Healthcare staff are to avoid wearing nail polish.

The nurse is assessing an intubated patient who returned from coronary artery bypass surgery 3 hours ago. Which assessment finding might indicate that this patient is experiencing pain? a.) Blood pressure 160/82 mm Hg b.) Temperature 100.6°F (38.1°C) c.) Heart rate 80 beats/min d.) Oxygen saturation 95% -- Correct Answer ✔✔ a.) Blood pressure 160/ mm Hg
How should the nurse classify pain that a patient with lung cancer is experiencing? a.) Cutaneous b.) Deep somatic c.) Visceral d.) Neuropathic -- Correct Answer ✔✔ c.) Visceral
The nurse administers acetaminophen 325 mg and codeine 30 mg orally to a patient reporting a severe headache. When should the nurse reassess the patient's pain? a.) 15 minutes after administration b.) 30 minutes after administration c.) 90 minutes after administration d.) Immediately before the next dose is due -- Correct Answer ✔✔ b.) 30 minutes after administration
When providing postmortem care, the nurse places dentures in the mouth and closes the eyes and mouth of the patient within 2 to 4 hours after death. Why is the timing of the action so important? a.) To prevent blood from settling in the head, neck, and shoulders b.) To perform these actions more easily before rigor mortis develops c.) To set the mouth in a natural position for viewing by the family

A 73-year-old patient admitted after a stroke has expressive aphasia (inability to express words accurately). Which pain intensity scale would be most appropriate to use with this patient? a.) Simple descriptor scale b.) Numerical rating scale c.) Wong-Baker FACES rating scale d.) PAINAD scale -- Correct Answer ✔✔ c.) Wong-Baker FACES rating scale
Which of the following points should the nurse include when teaching safety precautions to the parent of a toddler? Select all that apply. a.) Make sure the child sleeps supine (on the back) at night. b.) Keep the telephone number of the poison control center accessible. c.) Use a rear-facing car seat placed in the back seat of the car. d.) Keep syrup of ipecac on hand in case of accidental poisoning. e.) Remove philodendron and English ivy plants from the house. -- Correct Answer ✔✔ b.) Keep the telephone number of the poison control center accessible. c.) Use a rear-facing car seat placed in the back seat of the car. e.) Remove philodendron and English ivy plants from the house.
Which is the best treatment to protect the skin of the patient who is frail, malnourished, and immobile and confined to a bed? a.) Offering the patient six small meals a day b.) Turning the patient at least every 2 hours c.) Assisting the patient to sit in a chair three times a day d.) Administering fluid boluses as directed by the healthcare provider -- Correct Answer ✔✔ b.) Turning the patient at least every 2 hours
Physiological changes, such as reduced muscle strength and joint mobility, which are associated with aging, place the older adult patient at an increased risk for which nursing diagnosis? a.) Risk for falls b.) Risk for ineffective airway clearance (choking) c.) Risk for poisoning d.) Risk for suffocation (drowning) -- Correct Answer ✔✔ a.) Risk for falls

The nurse is preparing to write the nursing progress notes for a patient who has wrist restraints. Which chart entries will the nurse include in the progress notes? Select all that apply. a.) Family teaching initiated regarding the need for patient restraint b.) Restraint removed once per shift to assess skin color, sensation, and movement of extremity c.) Prescription for wrist restraint received from the primary care provider d.) Wrist restraints applied because of the patient's increasing confusion e.) Double knot used to tie restraints to bed frame -- Correct Answer ✔✔ a.) Family teaching initiated regarding the need for patient restraint c.) Prescription for wrist restraint received from the primary care provider
While working with an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) in a local nursing home, which of the following fall risk and prevention measures may be delegated to the UAP by the nurse? Select all that apply. a.) Remove clutter and spills in patient rooms. b.) Place nonskid slippers on patients. c.) Lock beds and wheelchairs. d.) Assess each patient for fall risk. e.) Monitor for injuries if the patient falls. -- Correct Answer ✔✔ a.) Remove clutter and spills in patient rooms. b.) Place nonskid slippers on patients. c.) Lock beds and wheelchairs.
A nurse is caring for a 25-year-old quadriplegic patient. Which of the following treatments would the nurse perform to decrease the risk of joint contracture and promote joint mobility? a.) Active range of motion (ROM) b.) Passive ROM c.) Turning the patient every 2 hours d.) Administering glucosamine supplements -- Correct Answer ✔✔ b.) Passive ROM
A woman with a high-risk pregnancy with triplets is in preterm labor; she is on strict bedrest for 5 days. During this time, she has not had a bowel movement, although

a.) Precontemplation b.) Contemplation c.) Preparation d.) Action stage -- Correct Answer ✔✔ b.) contemplation

A patient with a diabetic foot ulcer will need to perform dressing changes after discharge. When should the nurse schedule the teaching sessions? a.) Within 10 minutes after the next dose of oral pain medication b.) After the patient wakes up from a restful nap c.) Right before the surgeon's debridement of the wound d.) Before the patient undergoes flow studies of the affected leg -- Correct Answer ✔✔ b.) After the patient wakes up from a restful nap
The nurse explains to a patient that dressing changes will improve healing and decrease infection and then demonstrates the correct aseptic technique to the patient. The patient is asked to return a demonstration of this dressing change and to describe the reasons for it to the nurse. This example includes which type of learning and which learning domains? Select all that apply. a.) Affective b.) Active c.) Cognitive d.) Psychomotor e.) Passive -- Correct Answer ✔✔ active cognitive psychomotor
Goals for Healthy People 2030 include which of the following? Select all that apply. a.) Eliminate health disparities among various groups b.) Decrease the cost of healthcare related to tobacco use c.) Increase the quality and years of healthy life d.) Decrease the number of inpatient days annually e.) Promote hospice care to the elderly -- Correct Answer ✔✔ Eliminate health disparities among various groups Increase the quality and years of healthy life

Promote hospice care to the elderly

A nurse teaches a class for the community discussing routine screening tests for different types of cancer. What level of health prevention would the nurse classify this activity? a.) Primary b.) Secondary c.) Tertiary d.) Maintenance -- Correct Answer ✔✔ b.) secondary
A preschool-aged child is scheduled for a tonsillectomy. Which strategy might help lessen the child's anxiety before surgery? a.) Give the child a coloring book about the surgery. b.) Offer the child a detailed rationale for the surgery. c.) Allow the child to use online sources of information to learn about the surgery. d.) Provide one-to-one instruction about the care the child will need after surgery. -- Correct Answer ✔✔ a.) Give the child a coloring book about the surgery.
The nurse is preparing to teach a client about walking with crutches. Which action would the nurse take first? a.) Mutually develop learning goals for walking with crutches. b.) Demonstrate how to use the crutches. c.) Determine what the client already knows about crutches. d.) Create a teaching plan for walking with crutches. -- Correct Answer ✔✔ c.) Determine what the client already knows about crutches.
When the nurse is about to give instructions for discharge, they notice that the television is on and the patient is eating a meal. What is the best action for the nurse to take to ensure that the patient's discharge teaching is understood? a.) Review all important discharge teaching while in the room. b.) Ask whether the patient has any questions about the discharge. c.) Inform the patient that the instructions are on the discharge sheet.

c.) Place a surgical mask on the patient and transport to CT lab. d.) Notify the CT department about precautions prior to transport. e.) Apply a sterile gown and face shield over the patient before leaving the room. -- Correct Answer ✔✔ c.) Place a surgical mask on the patient and transport to CT lab. d.) Notify the CT department about precautions prior to transport.

The nurse is teaching a group of newly hired unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) about proper handwashing with soap and water. The nurse will know that the teaching was effective if a UAP demonstrates which behaviors? Select all that apply. a.) Uses a dry paper towel to turn off the faucet b.) Holds fingertips above the wrists while rinsing off the soap c.) Removes all rings and watch before washing hands d.) Cleans underneath each fingernail e.) Vigorously rubs hands together for at least 15 seconds -- Correct Answer ✔✔ a.) Uses a dry paper towel to turn off the faucet c.) Removes all rings and watch before washing hands d.) Cleans underneath each fingernail e.) Vigorously rubs hands together for at least 15 seconds
The nurse is caring for a client with Clostridium difficile infection. The nurse is caring for which client? a.) A neonate just born to a mother with a sinus infection b.) A young adult with vancomycin-resistant enterococci c.) A 78-year-old male taking antibiotics for cellulitis d.) A 45-year-old female taking hormonal medications -- Correct Answer ✔✔
A man has been admitted to the hospital unit with a medical diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). He is receiving supplemental oxygen at 2 L/min via a nasal cannula. Which positioning technique will best assist him with his breathing? a.) Fowler's position b.) Sims' position c.) Prone position d.) Lateral position -- Correct Answer ✔✔ a.) Fowler's position

The nurse is helping an 82-year-old patient to ambulate in the hallway. Suddenly, they state, "I feel so light-headed and weak," as their knees begin to buckle. Which is the best action by the nurse at this time? a.) Instruct the patient to grab the rail in the hallway while the nurse calls for assistance. b.) Immediately release the transfer device and place a wheelchair behind the patient. c.) Assist the patient to slide down the nurse's leg as the nurse guides them to a seated or lying position. d.) Grasp the patient under the arms and across the chest to hold them up as the nurse calls for assistance. -- Correct Answer ✔✔ c.) Assist the patient to slide down the nurse's leg as the nurse guides them to a seated or lying position.
When taking care of patients on the medical-surgical unit, what is the most important action the nurse can take in preventing falls? a.) Raise the two side rails for each patient's bed. b.) Place a fall risk sign on the front of the patient's door. c.) Identify those patients who are at risk for falls. d.) Use bed alarms for patients prone to falls. -- Correct Answer ✔✔ c.) Identify those patients who are at risk for falls.
Which is the most important reason for nurses to be critical thinkers? a.) Nurses need to follow policies and procedures. b.) Nurses work with other healthcare team members. c.) Nurses care for clients who have multiple health problems. d.) Nurses have to be flexible and work variable schedules. -- Correct Answer ✔✔ c.) Nurses care for clients who have multiple health problems.
Which nursing activity is most reflective of the evaluation phase of the nursing process? a.) Administering pain medication prior to changing a complex wound dressing b.) Obtaining patient's blood pressure (BP) 30 minutes after administering BP medication c.) Reporting three patient falls in the past month on the nursing unit

A nurse makes a nursing diagnosis of acute pain related to the postoperative abdominal incision. The nurse writes a nursing order to reposition the client in a comfortable position by using pillows to splint or support the painful areas. Which type of nursing intervention did the nurse write? a.) Collaborative b.) Interdependent c.) Dependent d.) Independent -- Correct Answer ✔✔ d.) Independent
A patient comes to the urgent care clinic because of injury from stepping on a rusty nail. Which type of assessment does the nurse perform? a.) Comprehensive b.) Ongoing c.) Initial focused d.) Special needs -- Correct Answer ✔✔ c.) Initial focused
After collecting data on a client, the nurse reviews and sorts the information. Which example includes both objective and subjective data? a.) The client's blood pressure reading is 132/68 mm Hg, and their heart rate is 88 beats/min. b.) The client's cholesterol is elevated, and they admit to liking and eating fried food. c.) The client reports having trouble sleeping and admits drinking coffee in the evening. d.) The client verbally reports having frequent headaches and taking aspirin for the pain. -- Correct Answer ✔✔ b.) The client's cholesterol is elevated, and they admit to liking and eating fried food.
A nurse admits a patient to the unit after completing a comprehensive interview and physical examination. Which action does the nurse take to develop a nursing diagnosis? a.) Analyze the assessment data. b.) Refer to the standards of patient care. c.) Select appropriate patient care interventions. d.) Ask the client's perceptions of the health problem. -- Correct Answer ✔✔ a.) Analyze the assessment data.

Using Maslow's hierarchy of needs, rank the following nursing diagnoses in order of importance, beginning with the highest-priority diagnosis. ____Risk for infection ____Anxiety ___Sleep deprivation ____Disturbed body image -- Correct Answer ✔✔ 1: sleep deprivation 2: risk for infection 3: anxiety 4: disturbed body image
The nurse working in the emergency department is preparing heat therapy for one of the clients in the unit. Which one is it most likely to be? a.) The client who is actively bleeding b.) The client who has a swollen, tender insect bite c.) The client who has just sprained their ankle d.) The client who has lower back pain -- Correct Answer ✔✔ d.) The client who has lower back pain
The nurse is providing care to the client who is 2 days post-cerebrovascular accident with residual decreased left-sided mobility. During the assessment, the nurse discovers a stage 1 pressure area on the client's left heel. What is the initial treatment for this pressure ulcer? a.) Antibiotic treatment for 2 weeks b.) Normal saline irrigation of the ulcer daily c.) Debridement to the left heel d.) Elevation of the left heel off the bed -- Correct Answer ✔✔ d.) Elevation of the left heel off the bed
The nurse is preparing to provide wound care to a client with many open wounds. Which of the following actions would be the most appropriate method for dressing changes of multiple open wounds that require treatment? a.) Remove all of the soiled dressings before beginning wound treatment. b.) Cleanse wounds from the most contaminated area to the least contaminated area. c.) Treat wounds on the client's side first and then the front and back of the client.

b.) Risk for impaired skin integrity related to immobility c.) Impaired tissue integrity related to ventilator dependency d.) Impaired skin integrity related to ventilator dependency -- Correct Answer ✔✔ b.) Risk for impaired skin integrity related to immobility

The nurse is assessing the client's wound and notes that the wound bed shows granulation. What phase of wound healing is described by the nurse's note? a.) Hemostasis b.) Inflammation c.) Proliferative d.) Maturation -- Correct Answer ✔✔ c.) Proliferative
What is the most useful tool for delegating pressure injury prevention to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)? a) Braden scale b.) Turning chart at the bedside c.) At-risk sticker on the patient chart d.) Norton scale -- Correct Answer ✔✔ b.) Turning chart at the bedside
Which of the following are examples of nonselective mechanical debridement methods? Select all that apply. a.) Wet-to-dry dressings b.) Sharp debridement c.) Whirlpool d.) Pulsed lavage e.) Foam alginate -- Correct Answer ✔✔ a.) Wet-to-dry dressings c.) Whirlpool d.) Pulsed lavage
The home-health nurse learns that an elderly client isn't able to get to the grocery store. They don't have much food in their home, and they eat and drink little. Most of their time is spent sitting in their chair watching television, often not realizing that they have had bladder leakage. Which nursing actions would be implemented to reduce the risk of this client developing a pressure injury? Select all that apply. a.) Help the client to get out of the chair every 2 hours. b.) Change the client's clothing frequently.

c.) Bath the client using soap and water. d.) Promote intake of green tea throughout the day. e.) Encourage the client to wear incontinence products. -- Correct Answer ✔✔ a.) Help the client to get out of the chair every 2 hours. b.) Change the client's clothing frequently. e.) Encourage the client to wear incontinence products.

The nurse is assessing the client who presents to the outpatient clinic with a wound that extends through the epidermis into the dermis. When documenting the depth of the wound, how would the nurse classify it? a.) Stage 1 b.) Stage 2 c.) Stage 3 d.) Stage 4 -- Correct Answer ✔✔ b.) Stage 2
An adult client is fully able to detect and respond to pain and discomfort. They have no incontinence or mobility limitations. They are of normal weight and consume a nutritious diet. The client has no problem with rubbing, friction, or shear. What is the Braden score for this client? a.) 10 b.) 15 c.) 20 d.) 23 -- Correct Answer ✔✔ d.) 23
The nurse will know that the plan of care for the diabetic client with severe peripheral neuropathy is effective if the client: a.) Begins an aggressive exercise program. b.) Follows a diet plan of 1,200 calories per day. c.) Is fitted for deep-depth diabetic footwear. d.) Remains free of foot wounds. -- Correct Answer ✔✔ d.) Remains free of foot wounds.
Which of the following assessment tools are used to assess risk for pressure injury? Select all that apply. a.) Pressure Ulcer Healing Chart b.) PUSH tool

A client has an area of nonblanchable erythema on his coccyx. The nurse has determined this to be a stage 1 pressure ulcer. What would be the most important treatment for this client? a.) Transparent film dressing b.) Hydrogel c.) Frequent turn schedule d.) Enzymatic debridement -- Correct Answer ✔✔ c.) Frequent turn schedule
Select the process(es) that occur(s) during the inflammatory phase of wound healing. Select all that apply. a.) Granulation b.) Hemostasis c.) Epithelialization d.) Inflammation e.) Maturation -- Correct Answer ✔✔ b.) Hemostasis d.) Inflammation
A client has just voided 50 mL and yet reports that the bladder still feels full. The nurse's next actions should include which of the following? Select all that apply. a.) Palpating the bladder height b.) Obtaining a clean-catch urine specimen c.) Performing a bladder scan d.) Applying a heating pad to the lower abdomen e.) Inserting an incontinence pessary -- Correct Answer ✔✔ a.) Palpating the bladder height c.) Performing a bladder scan d.) Applying a heating pad to the lower abdomen
A female patient complains that she passes urine whenever she sneezes or coughs. How should the nurse document this finding in the patient's healthcare record? a.) Transient incontinence b.) Overflow incontinence c.) Urge incontinence d.) Stress incontinence -- Correct Answer ✔✔ d.) Stress incontinence

A patient is admitted with elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels, as well as anuria. Based on these findings, the nurse suspects which diagnosis? a.) Urinary tract infection b.) Renal calculi c.) Enuresis d.) Renal failure -- Correct Answer ✔✔ d.) Renal failure
A patient's catheter bag is empty 2 hours after it was last drained. The nurse's first action is to: a.) Irrigate the catheter. b.) Perform a bladder scan. c.) Replace the catheter. d.) Check for kinks or compression. -- Correct Answer ✔✔ d.) Check for kinks or compression.
The nurse identifies a nursing diagnosis of urinary incontinence in an older adult patient admitted after a stroke. Urinary incontinence places the patient at risk for which complication? a.) Skin breakdown b.) Urinary tract infection c.) Bowel incontinence d.) Renal calculi -- Correct Answer ✔✔ a.) Skin breakdown
The nurse instructs a woman about providing a clean-catch urine specimen. Which statement indicates the patient correctly understands the procedure? a.) "I will be sure to urinate into the 'hat' you placed on the toilet seat." b.) "I will wipe my genital area from front to back before I collect the specimen midstream." c.) "I will need to lie still while you put in a urinary catheter to obtain the specimen." d.) "I will collect my urine each time I urinate for the next 24 hours." -- Correct Answer ✔✔ b.) "I will wipe my genital area from front to back before I collect the specimen midstream."
The nurse is calculating the intake and output (I&O) for a patient. On the I&O record, the following information is noted: milk 140 mL at breakfast, voided 240 mL

NRSG 327: Final Exam Questions and Answers - Nursing Fundamentals, Exams of Nursing

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NRSG 327: FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% ACCURATE

ANSWERS