Download NSC Exam 2 | 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest 2024 Version and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
NSC Exam 2 | 100% Correct Answers |
Verified | Latest 2024 Version
list the disaccharides in alphabetical order - ✔✔lactose. maltose, sucrose Carbohydrates are the first link in the food chain and are obtained almost exclusively from
. Through _________________ , plants combine carbon dioxide, water, and the sun's energy to form _____________ , from which the human body can obtain energy. Carbohydrates are made of carbon, hydrogen, and
. - ✔✔plants, photosynthesis, glucose, oxygen list the monosaccharides in alphabetical order - ✔✔fructose, galactose, glucose Carbohydrate-rich foods are obtained almost exclusively from animals. - ✔✔False Maltose consists of _____. - ✔✔two glucose units The storage form of glucose found in plants is called _____. - ✔✔starch Glucose may be strung together in long strands of thousands of glucose units to form _____, which include starch, glycogen, and most _______. Some of the best known insoluble fibers are ____________ and hemicellulose, while soluble fibers include _____________ and gums. - ✔✔polysaccharides, fibers, cellulose, pectin Groups of individuals who may not be able to eat enough high-fiber food in a day to meet energy or nutrient needs include the (a) malnourished; the (b) _______
; and (c) young children who adhere to all-plant (________) diets. - ✔✔elderly, vegan The human brain depends almost exclusively on _____ for its energy. - ✔✔carbohydrate Which food item should you choose to lower your blood cholesterol level? - ✔✔oatmeal A person who complains of frequent urinary tract infections, excessive urination and thirst, slow healing of cuts, and blurred vision is most likely experiencing symptoms of _____. - ✔✔type 1 diabetes Many different forms of fiber exist, each with specific effects on health. The DRI intake recommendation for fiber is __________ grams per 1,000 calories. Fiber needs are best met by eating _______ plant foods, which contain a mix of fiber types; __________- fiber in large doses can have undesirable effects. - ✔✔14, whole, purified To make sure you are choosing a whole-grain product, you should _____. - ✔✔look for whole grains listed as the first ingredient Which food item would be most easily digested based on its carbohydrate content? - ✔✔white bread The predominant type of diabetes is type ___________ diabetes, characterized by _________ resistance of the body's cells. In contrast, the person with type ___________ diabetes does not produce enough insulin because the person's immune system attacks the cells of the ______________- that produce it. - ✔✔2, insulin, 1, pancreas Most research comparing the metabolic effects of HFCS and sucrose to date has found virtually identical responses of the body to both. - ✔✔true
The Dietary Guidelines for Americans suggest a limit of about 8 teaspoons of sugar, or almost one soft drink's worth, for a 2,200-calorie eating pattern. - ✔✔true Which of the following helps prevent type 2 diabetes? - ✔✔maintaining a healthy weight Which monosaccharide rarely occurs freely in nature but is tied up in milk sugar until it is freed during digestion? - ✔✔galactose Which part of a grain is especially rich in vitamins and minerals? - ✔✔germ The human brain depends almost exclusively on _____ for its energy. - ✔✔carbohydrate You are trying to decide which type of food from the fruit group to choose for a snack, and you want to choose the one that has the greatest nutritional value. Your best choice would be _____. - ✔✔a whole orange When fructose and glucose are bonded together they form: - ✔✔table sugar Which of the following terms would you look for on a bread label to choose the most nutritious product?
- ✔✔whole grain Grapes and grape soda both provide sugars, but the grapes are a healthier choice because: - ✔✔they provide fiber and phytochemicals Which outcome is not an effect of fiber? - ✔✔promotes weight gain and feeling of fullness The lipids in foods and in the human body fall into _______ classes. About 95% of these lipids are ________ . Other classes of the lipid family include the phospholipids and the ________
. - ✔✔three, triglycerides, sterols Fat within the human body _____. - ✔✔is stored in adipose tissues that secrete appetite-regulaitng hormones Lecithin is an example of a _____. - ✔✔phospholipid Which of the following cuts of meat is lowest in fat content? - ✔✔round cut witht the fat trimmed off A person who eats a diet too high in saturated fat may incur a greater-than-average risk of developing _____. - ✔✔heart disease Four useful functions of fats in foods are to a) provide a concentrated _________ source in foods; (b) provide essential fat-______ nutrients; (c) enhance food's aroma and _______ ; (d) contribute to _______- . - ✔✔energy, soluble, flavor, satiety Fatty acids are the major constituent of ___ , which are the chief form of fat. One way in which fatty acids differ from one another is in _______ length. Another is in degree of ________ . The more unsaturated fats are soft in texture and melt more readily at ___________ temperatures. - ✔✔triglycerides, chain, saturation, lower Within the body, fats usually travel from place to place mixed with _____ particles. - ✔✔protein Identify two plant oils that are composed primarily of saturated fats, in alphabetical order. a.
________fats contribute the majority of the solid fats in the U.S. diet. - ✔✔ten, visible, invisible Someone asks you whether he should reduce dietary cholesterol in an effort to prevent cardiovascular disease. What would be an appropriate response? - ✔✔"dietary cholesterol doesn't matter as much as saturated and trans fat intakes" Which of the following words on an ingredient list would alert you to the presence of trans fatty acids in the product? - ✔✔hydrogenated vegetable oil Which statement best describes individuals who have had their gallbladder removed? - ✔✔bile is released directly into the small intestine Which of the following is NOT a desirable blood lipid value? - ✔✔high LDL The body stores excess energy from food as _____. - ✔✔triglycerides Foods with hidden or invisible fat include: - ✔✔biscuits All of the following are found mainly in foods that contain fat except: - ✔✔vitamin C Cooking oils should be stored in tightly covered containers in order to: - ✔✔retard the oxidation process Which food contains the least healthful type of fat? - ✔✔salad in taco shell with chili, cheese, sour cream and salsa If the fat in a container is solid at room temperature, what type of fat is it? - ✔✔saturated fat At what location along the digestive tract does fat digestion primarily take place? - ✔✔small intestine The role of bile in fat digestion is to: - ✔✔emulsify fats in the small intestine
The benefits of the Mediterranean diet are a result of: - ✔✔a combination of vegetables, fruits, legumes, whole grains and seafood Some ground turkey and chicken products in which the skin is ground in are much higher in solid fats than lean beef. - ✔✔true A quarter-pound fast-food hamburger sandwich provides 400 calories and contains 20 grams of fat. What is the percentage of calories from fat? - ✔✔45% Your friend Mike wants to start taking fish oil supplements. What would you recommend to your friend regarding fish oil consumption? - ✔✔consuming fish in conjunction with a healthy diet is recommended over taking fish oil supplements Which of the following is not a function of fat in the human body? - ✔✔carries the water-soluble nutrients Ninety-five percent of the fat we consume is in the form of _____. - ✔✔trigylcerides Triglycerides consist of: - ✔✔three fatty acids attached to a glycerol As fatty acids are absorbed through the intestinal lining for transport throughout the body, which action takes place? - ✔✔large-chain fatty aids are formed into lipoproteins for transport in the blood. To replace saturated fats with monounsaturated fats in your diet, you could use _____ instead of _____.
- ✔✔canola oil, butter Approximately what percent calories from fat would be provided by a bowl of soup containing 200 calories and 11 grams of fat? - ✔✔50%
Which of the following denatures proteins in foods? - ✔✔acid produced by the stomach The stomach lining is protected from the very strong acid of the stomach by: - ✔✔a coat of mucus Proteins play several important roles in the body. What is NOT one of these? - ✔✔providing an unlimited supply of energy Your mother is considering changing her diet to include only non-meat proteins to reduce her risk of developing heart disease or cancer. What evidence is available to support her decision? - ✔✔Plant-based diets are usually lower in saturated fat and higher in fiber, which reduces risk of heart disease. The variable part of an amino acid is the _____. - ✔✔side chain Poorly-planned vegetarian diets typically lack all of the following except: - ✔✔folate Amino acids are "wasted" (not used to build protein or nitrogen-containing compounds) in the body whenever there is: - ✔✔too much dietary protein Removing the grain protein gluten from the diet has been shown to: - ✔✔resolve digestive problems in people with celiac disease Heavy use of soy products in place of meat can inhibit absorption of what nutrient? - ✔✔iron The most easily digestible form of protein can be found in which of the following foods? - ✔✔eggs Which of the following is found in protein but not in carbohydrate or fat? - ✔✔nitrogen Which of the following is NOT a consequence of protein deficiency? - ✔✔increased nutrient absorption from the digestive tract
Proteins can be denatured by all of the following EXCEPT _____. - ✔✔freezing The DRI Committee recommends _____ percent of total calories as the minimum amount of protein. - ✔✔ 10 Of the following foods, which one contains proteins that are best digested and absorbed? - ✔✔chicken The more animal protein you eat, the higher your intake of _____. - ✔✔vitamin B Which of the following is a protein catalyst, which facilitates chemical reactions? - ✔✔ENZYME A sedentary male college student aged 23 needs how much protein if he weighs 175 pounds? - ✔✔64g/day When amino acids are degraded for energy, their amine groups are stripped off and used elsewhere or incorporated by the liver into: - ✔✔urea An adolescent girl has decided to adhere to a vegetarian diet and has selected a tossed green salad, whole-wheat crackers, and apple juice for lunch. What would you advise her about her complementary protein sources? - ✔✔Adding garbanzo beans to her salad would provide the protein combination she needs. The strategy of combining two _____ plant protein sources permits the amino acids in one food to make up for those lacking in the other food. - ✔✔complementary A(n) ____ bond is formed between the amine group end of one amino acid and the acid group end of the next amino acid in a protein. - ✔✔peptide For athletes, the path to bigger muscles includes - ✔✔vigorous physical training with balanced nutrition
