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what disaccharides is lactose made up of and what food is it found in. - ✔✔galactose and glucose found in milk what disaccharides is sucrose made up of and what food is it found in. - ✔✔glucose and fructose found in oranges what disaccharides is maltose made up of and what food is it found in. - ✔✔glucose and glucose found in molasses Describe a distinct reason why soluble fiber can benefit a type 2 diabetic. - ✔✔Fiber binds to bile salts and helps keep blood sugar stable Describe a distinct reason why soluble fiber can benefit someone with cardiovascular disease. - ✔✔Fiber binds to bile salts and helps lower cholesterol For a person following a 2000 kcal diet, the recommendation is ______ grams of fiber daily. - ✔✔ 28 grams This enzyme is made in the pancreas for hydrolyzing triglycerides. - ✔✔Lipase This organ stores bile synthesized by the liver. - ✔✔Gallbladder This GI tract organ is where water and some minerals are absorbed. - ✔✔Large intestine This substance is secreted by the pancreas to neutralize the acidic chime. - ✔✔Sodium bicarbonate
This GI tract organ is where the majority of digestion and absorption occurs. - ✔✔ Sucrase, lactase, and maltase are synthesized here. - ✔✔ This digestive enzyme is made both in the mouth and the pancreas. - ✔✔ Carbs AMDR - ✔✔45%-65% Fat AMDR - ✔✔20%-35% Protein AMDR - ✔✔10%-35% Made from essential fatty acids. - ✔✔ The precursor for active vitamin D. - ✔✔cholesterol Necessary for cell membrane and lipoprotein structure. - ✔✔Phospholipids Contain on average 9 kcals per gram. - ✔✔ Where does carbohydrate digestion begin? - ✔✔The mouth What do you call stored glucose in humans? - ✔✔Glycogen Where can humans store glycogen? - ✔✔In the muscles and the liver What can soluble fiber do that insoluble fiber can't? - ✔✔slow down glucose absorption and bind cholesterol
where does meaningful fat digestion occur? - ✔✔the small intestine what is unique about hydrolisis of fat? - ✔✔bile emulsifies fat and has to be released for fat to become water soluble what is unique about absorption and transport of dietary fat? - ✔✔chylomicrons (lipoprotein) transport fat molecules what happens to bile? - ✔✔going to be released into the liver, soluble fiber could interfere with absorption which lipoprotein carries newly synthesized fat from liver to deliver TG to cells? - ✔✔VLDL- lot of tryglicerides, lipoproteins, and cholesterol which lipoprotein is "synthesized" during circulation after TG's have been stored? - ✔✔LDL- also known as bad cholesterol, made in small intestine which lipoprotein does "reverse cholesterol transport"? - ✔✔HDL- the good cholesterol what hormone directs fatty acid synthesis when macronutrients are plenty? - ✔✔insulin what influences how much insulin is released? - ✔✔blood glucose what causes rapid rise in blood glucose? - ✔✔refined carbohydrates what happens when a fat cell fills to capacity? - ✔✔new ones are made which macronutrient is the most energy dense? - ✔✔fat
which macronutrient gives you the most energy? - ✔✔carbohydrates T or F proteins are made up of amino acids - ✔✔true T or F excess dietary protein is stored by the body as fat - ✔✔true T or F proteins provide structural support in the body - ✔✔true T or F most enzymes in your body are proteins - ✔✔true T or F your body can use protein as an energy source - ✔✔true how many essential amino acids are there? - ✔✔ 9 how many non essential amino acids are there? - ✔✔ 11 how many amino acids are used for protein synthesis? - ✔✔ 20 what is the least important role of amino acids in the body? - ✔✔energy what makes protein different than carbs or fat? - ✔✔it contains nitrogen what makes amino acids different from each other? - ✔✔R-group/ side chain
the following are both generally considered to be good sources of dietary fiber: - ✔✔vegetables and beans dietitians advise cardiac and diabetic patients to increase _____ fiber intake to slow glucose and bind out bile and dietary cholesterol - ✔✔soluble the most common type of fat that we eat and store in the body is _____. - ✔✔trygliceride the part of an amino acid that makes proteins fold up into a unique shape is called: - ✔✔the R group which of the following lipid is NOT a part of triglycerides? - ✔✔cholesterol bile allows dietary fats to be digested through its ability to act as a(n): - ✔✔emulsifier chemical digestion of protein begins in the - ✔✔stomach to help improve your cholesterol profile you could : - ✔✔decrease trans fats, saturated fats and refined carbohydrates all of the following are functions of protein EXCEPT: - ✔✔emulsifier a good example of complimentary proteins are: - ✔✔hummus which of the following is a lipoprotein? - ✔✔chylomicron what is the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes? - ✔✔in type 1 your body does not produce insulin and in type 2 the cells are resistant to the insulin the least important function of protein under normal circumstances is as: - ✔✔energy
all of the following are monosaccharides EXCEPT: - ✔✔maltose a food that contains all of the essential fatty acids is called a: - ✔✔complete protein high protein diets are associated with: - ✔✔kidney stones, low fiber intake, cancer, and osteoprosis the lipoprotein used for reverse cholesterol transport is: - ✔✔HDL only the type of vegetarian called a ______ is at risk of B12 deficiency because B12 is found in all ______ foods. - ✔✔vegan, animal
