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Why |should |we |examine |infection |control |and |prevention |measures? |- |correct |answer |✔ • |woking |in |a |healthcare |setting, |as |a |nurse |we |will |be |exposed |to |microorganisms, |as |well |as |potentially |exposing |clients |to |microorganisms |that |may |cause |illness
- |help |to |create |an |envrionment |where |everyone |are |protected |from |illness What |are |the |two |essential |purpose |for |infection |control? |- |correct |answer |✔1. |Protect |the |client |(who |might |be |vulnerable |to |illnesses |as |their |immune |system |maybe |compromised, |making |them |susceptible |to |illness) |
- |Protect |the |healthcare |workers What |is |infection? |- |correct |answer |✔A |disease|state |that |results |from |the |entry |of |a |microorganism |capable |of |causing |a |disease |(pathogen) |into |the |tissue |of |a |host Microorganisms |include |- |correct |answer |✔bacteria, |viruses, |fungi, |protozoa What |must |occur |if |the |microorganism |is |capable |of |causing |a |disease |state? |- |correct |answer |✔Microorganism |must |be |able |to |live |and |grow |in |the |tissue |of |a |host |to |show |clinical |signs |and |symptoms |(manifestation) Infections |can |be: |- |correct |answer |✔local |and |systemic
Local |infection |- |correct |answer |✔limited |to |a |small |area |of |the|body systemic |infection |- |correct |answer |✔spread |throughout |the |body Infection |prevention |and |control |strategies |can... |- |correct |answer |✔ • |protect |patients |from |acquiring |infections
- |protect |healthcare |providers |from |acquiring |infections | - |prevent |the |spread |of |infection What |is |the |chain |of |infection? |- |correct |answer |✔A |cycle |in |which |a |microorganism |causes |an |infection | There |are | 6 |different |links What |are |the | 6 |different |links |of |the |chain |of |infections? |- |correct |answer |✔ • |infectious |agent | - |reservoir - |portal |of |exit | - |mode |of |transmission | - |portal |of |entry | - |host Infection |control |is |based |on: |- |correct |answer |✔Understanding |how |to |break |the |chain |of |infection |so |that |infections |do |not |develop
Transient |microorganisms |can |cause |disease |when: |- |correct |answer |✔There |are |sufficient |numbers Microorganisms |is |virulent | Can |enter |and |survive |in |the |host |(ie. |client) The |host |is |susceptible |(ie. |meaning |perhaps |the |client |is |immune |compromised) Reservoir |- |correct |answer |✔A |site |where |pathogens |can |survive, |but |may |not |multiply What |the |most |common |reservoir? |- |correct |answer |✔The |human |body(skin,fluids,cavities) True |or |False: |other |reservoirs |include |animals, |food, |water, |insects |- |correct |answer |✔TRUE True |or |False: |pathogens |does |mot |require |an |ideal |environment |for |their |survival |- |correct |answer |✔FALSE pathogens |requires |an |ideal |environment |for |their |survival When |pathogens |is |present |in |the |body |but |does |not |cause |harm, |why? |- |correct |answer |✔The |pathogen |is |colonizing |the |site
Carries |are |animals |or |person |who |shows |no |symptoms |of |illness |but |_________________ |- |correct |answer |✔Who |have |pathogens |on |or |in |their |bodies |that |can |be |transferred |to |others Factors |that |contribute |to |the |growth |of |pathogens |are: |- |correct |answer |✔ • |Food |(microorganisms |require |nourishment)
- |oxygen |(aerobic |bacteria |require |oxygen |to |survive |and |multiply) | - |water |( |thrive |with |water |or |moisture) - |temperature |(ideal |temp. |is | 35 |degrees |to | 37 |degrees |{cold |temps |tend |to |prevent |growth}) | - |pH |(prefer |environmental |with |pH | 5 |to | 8 |{cannot |survive |acidic |stomach}) | - |minimal |light |(thrive |in |the|dark) |ulteraviolet |light |may |be |effective |in |killing |certain |bacteria Do |spore |need |water |to |survive? |- |correct |answer |✔No, |spore-forming |bacteria |can |live |without |water They |are |resistant |to |drying portal |of |exit |- |correct |answer |✔Is |how |the |pathogen |actually |leaves |the |reservoir
The |pathogen |can |be |transmitted |by |more |than |one |mode mode |of |transmission |route |includes: |- |correct|answer |✔ • |direct |contact |
- |indirect |contact | - |droplet |transmission - |airborne |transmission | - |vehicle |transmission | - |vector |borne |transmission direct |contact/transmission |- |correct |answer |✔Physcial |skin |contact |between |an |infected |or |colonized |individual |and |susceptible |host Ex. |via |touching |patient Indirect |contact/transmission |- |correct |answer |✔Contact |between |susceptible |host |and |contaminated |object | Ex. |Stethoscope, |BP |cuff droplet |transmission |- |correct |answer |✔Large |droplets |from |the |respiratory |system |of |an |infected |person, |propelled |(up |to |2m) |through |the |air |and |deposited |onto |host Ex. |Coughing, |sneezing, |talking |(COVID-19)
airborne |transmission |- |correct |answer |✔Organims(small |droplet |nuclei) |travels |from |respiratory |system |of |infected |source |to |host |& |propelled |through |air |greater |than |1m vehicle |transmission |- |correct |answer |✔A |single |contaminated |source |transmit |infections |to |multiple |host |(food, |water, |air) vector-borne |transmission |- |correct |answer |✔Insects |or |pest |transmit |microbes |to |humans Protal |of |entry |- |correct |answer |✔Is |the |pathway |by |which |a |pathogen |can |enter |the |body |through |the |same |routes |they |use |for |exiting portal |of |entry |includes: |- |correct |answer |✔Body |openings, |mucous |membranes |and |breaks |in |the |skin | Ex. |Needle |piercing |skin, |catheter Susceptible |host |(chain |of |infection) |- |correct |answer |✔A |person |who |acquires |an |infection, |depends |on |susceptibility- |degree |of |resistance |to |a |pathogen True |or |False: |an |infection |does |not |develop |until |an |individual |becomes |susceptible |to |the |strength |and |numbers |of |microorganisms |capable |of |producing |infection |- |correct |answer |✔TRUE True |or |False: |the |less |virulent |organism |is, |the|greater |likelihood |that |a |person |will |be |susceptible |to |it |- |correct |answer |✔FALSE |
noscomial |infection |or |iatrogenic |infection, |is |an |infection |acquired |AFTER |admission |to |a |health |care |facility |that |was |not |present |or |incubating |at |the |time |of |admission |- |correct |answer |✔Healthcare-associated |infection |(HAI) Who |is |at |a |higher |risk |for |acquiring |a |nosocomial |infection? |- |correct |answer |✔Older |persons True |or |False: |hospitals |harbour |a |high |population |of |virulent |microorganisms |- |correct |answer |✔TRUE ARO |stands |for |- |correct |answer |✔Antibiotic-resistant |organism True |or |False: |overuse |of |antibiotic, |many |bacteria |or |organism |develop |resistance |to |certain |drugs |making |it |more |difficult |to |treat |- |correct |answer |✔TRUE One |of |the |most |effective |ways |to |reduce |the |risk |of |acquiring |an |infection |- |correct |answer |✔Proper |hand |hygiene What |conditions |would |promote |transfer |of |nosocomial |infections? |- |correct |answer |✔Result |from |diagnostic |or |therapeutic |procedure |(ex. |UTI |from |a |catheter) True |or |False: |breaking |one |of |the |links |in |the |chain |of |infection |is |the |key |to |the |prevention |and |control |of |an |infection |- |correct |answer |✔TRUE
The |process |for |keeping |away |disease-producing |microorganisms |- |correct |answer |✔Asepsis "Clean |technique" | Procedures |used |to |reduce |and |prevent |the |spread |of |microorganisms |- |correct |answer |✔Medical |asepsis medical |asepsis |includes: |- |correct |answer |✔hand |hygiene, |environmental |cleanliness, |standard |precautions, |and |protective |isolation True |or |False: |objects |are |considered |contaminated |if |it |does |not |contain |or |is |not |suspected |of |containing |pathogens |- |correct |answer |✔FALSE | Objects |are |considered |contaminated |if |it |contains |or |is |suspected |of |containing |pathogens "Sterile |technique" Procedures |used |to |eliminate |all |microorganisms, |including |pathogens |and |spores, |from |an |object |or |area |- |correct |answer |✔Surgical |asepsis True |or |False: |to |reduce |and |eliminate |microorganisms, |proper |cleaning |is |required |- |correct |answer |✔TRUE What |are |the |levels |of |proper |cleaning: |- |correct |answer |✔Cleaning | Disinfection | Sterilization
- |performing |hand |hygiene | - |wearing |PPE - |following |respiratory |etiquette | - |controlling |the |surrounding |environment | - |using |avoidance |procedures |and |actions |to |minimize |the |risk |of |infection |transmission | - |following |administrative |and |healthcare |setting |policies |related |to |creating |healthy |workplace |- |correct |answer |✔Routine|Practice - |PPE |specialized |equipment |(ex. |N95) - |specialized |accommodation |and |signage | - |client-dedicated |equipment | - |advanced |cleaning |protocol | - |limited |movement |of |the |client | - |specific |environmental |protocols |- |correct |answer |✔Additional |Precautions True |or |False: |you |should |use |the |alcohol |based |hand |sanitizer |to |clean |your |hands. |However, |you |should |use |soap |and |water |when |your |hands |are |visible |soiled |- |correct |answer |✔TRUE True |or |False: |alcohol |based |hand |sanitizer |is |the |preferred |method |when |hands |are |visibly |soiled |- |correct |answer |✔FALSE alcohol |based |hand |sanitizer |is |the |preferred |method |when |hands |are |NOT |visibly |soiled
True |or |False: |there |is |a |certain |amount |of |times |a |person |can |use |alcohol |based |hand |solution |- |correct |answer |✔FALSE NO |maxium |or |standard |amount |of |times |a |person |can |use |alcohol |based |hand |solution Focal |infection |- |correct |answer |✔Can |spread |to |a |secondary |location Certain |pathogens |and |communicable |disease |are |easily |transmitted |and |require |additional |precautions |in |addition |to |routine |practice; |this |includes: |- |correct |answer |✔Contact | Droplet Airborne Which |tier? When |a |patient |has |a |known |infection, |or |until |infection |has |been |ruled |out |- |correct |answer |✔Tier |II Which |mode |of |transmission |precaution? When |the |client |is |known |or |suspected |of |having |infections |caused |by |direct |or |indirect |contact |- |correct |answer |✔Contact |Precautions What |do |nurses |need |to |wear |and |do |when |caring |for |a |client |with |contact |precautions? |- |correct |answer |✔Gloves, |gown, |perform |hand |hygiene Move |client |in |a |private |room |or |a |room |with |similar |clients
True |or |False: |nurses |need |to |improve |patient's |sensory |stimulation |- |correct |answer |✔TRUE
- |clean |environment | - |drapes |or |shades |open | - |remove |excess |supplies | - |take |time |to |listen |to |patient's |concern | - |look |for |opportunities |to |converse |with |the |patient | - |provide |comfort |measures | - |encourage |the |patient |to |be |mobile |in |the |room |if |able |to | - |identity |recreational |activities |that |would |interest |the |patient |- |correct |answer |✔Ways |to |improve |patient's |sensory |stimulation True |or |False: |an |infection |prevention |and |control |risk |assessment |is |performed |to |prevent |infection |and |promote |a |healthy |workplace |environment |- |correct |answer |✔TRUE When |should |infection |prevention |and |control |risk |assessment |performed? |- |correct |answer |✔Before |providing |any |care |to |a |client, |or |entering |a |healthcare |environment What |is |the |purpose |of |infection |prevention |and |control |risk |assessment? |- |correct |answer |✔Maintain |safety Provide |quality |care Protect |clients, |visitors |and |healthcare |providers
4 |moments |for |hand |hygiene|- |correct |answer |✔1. |before |initial |patient |contact
- |before |aseptic |procedure
- |after |body |fluid |exposure |risk
- |after |patient |contact
