Download NSG 211 Patho Assessment Questions (Modules 1-5): Comprehensive Study Guide with Solutions and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
NSG 211 Patho Assessment Questions (Modules 1-5)
Questions With Complete Solutions
The state of equilibrium in the body with respect to various functions and chemical compositions of the fluids and tissues (M1) correct answer: Homeostasis Pathophysiology is best described as? (M1) correct answer: The study of functional or physiologic changes in the body from disease processes. Etiology is defined as the study of (M1) correct answer: Causes of a disease The best definition of the term prognosis is (M1) correct answer: The predicted outcome or likelihood of recovery from a specific disease Insidious is best described as (M1) correct answer: A gradual progression with only vague or very mild signs The manifestations of a disease are best defined as the (M1) correct answer: Signs and symptoms of a disease Iatrogenic diseases are caused by (M1) correct answer: A medical treatment, procedure or error An unknown cause of a disease is called (M1) correct answer: Idiopathic
A decrease in the size of cell, resulting in a reduced tissue mass refers to (M1) correct answer: Atrophy Which of the following means "new growth" and is commonly called tumors? (M1) correct answer: Neoplasm An increase in the size of individual cells, resulting in an enlarged tissue mass refers to (M1) correct answer: Hypertrophy The term applied to tissue in which the cells vary in size and shape, large nuclei are frequently present, and the rate of mitosis is increased. (M1) correct answer: Dysplasia A deficit of oxygen in the cells, due to respiratory problems or circulatory obstruction (M1) correct answer: Ischemia Lysis refers to destruction of (M1) correct answer: Cells Necrosis is best described as (M1) correct answer: A group of cells die The best description of a macrophage is (M1) correct answer: Cells that engulf and destroy bacteria, cell debris, or foreign matter Vasodilation is described as (M2) correct answer: Relaxation of smooth muscle walls, widening the diameter of arterioles The ability of plasma proteins and fluid to shift into and out of the interstitial space refers to (M2) correct answer: Permeability
Gland located in the mediastinum, large in children, decreasing size in adults. Site of maturation and proliferation of T lymphocytes (M3) correct answer: Thymus White blood cells: migrate from the blood into tissues to become macrophages (M3) correct answer: Monocytes Group of lipids with varying effects. Some cause inflammation, vasodilation and increased permeability, and pain (M3) correct answer: Prostaglandins A cytokine active in the inflammatory and immune responses; stimulates fever, chemotaxis, mediator of tissue wasting, stimulates T-cells, mediator in septic shock (decreasing BP), stimulates necrosis in some tumors (M3) correct answer: Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Contains many lymphocytes. Filters body fluids, removes foreign matter, immune response (M3) correct answer: Lymphatic Tissue Foreign substance or component of cell that stimulates immune response (M3) correct answer: Antigen Release chemical mediators such as histamine in connective tissue (M3) correct answer: Mast Cells White blood cells: cell-mediated immunity (M3) correct answer: T-Lymphocytes
Source of stem cells, leukocytes, and maturation of B lymphocytes (M3) correct answer: Bone Marrow Group of lipids, derived from mast cells and basophils, which cause contraction of bronchiolar smooth muscle and have a role in development of inflammation (M3) correct answer: Leukotrienes Released from mast cells and basophils, particularly in allergic reactions. Causes vasodilation and increased vascular permeability or edema, also contraction of bronchiolar smooth muscle, and pruritus (M3) correct answer: Histamine Humoral immunity-activated cell becomes an antibody- producing plasma cell or a B memory cell (M3) correct answer: B Lymphocytes Opportunistic microorganisms are (M4) correct answer: Non- pathogenic organisms that cause infection when resistance is decreased Release chemicals such as histamine, heparin and bradykinin in response to injury or foreign material (M4) correct answer: Mast Cells Which cells arise from stem cells in the bone marrow and then travel to the thymus for further differentiation and development of cell mediated receptors? (M4) correct answer: T-Cells Which cells mature in the bone marrow and are responsible for antigen-antibody immunity? (M4) correct answer: B-Cells
Resident or normal flora is best described as (M4) correct answer: Microorganisms in many parts of the body that may be helpful in preventing other organisms from establishing a colony Apoptosis (M5) correct answer: Programmed cell death Benign (M5) correct answer: Differentiated cells that reproduce at a higher than normal rate. Often encapsulated but not spreading Malignant (M5) correct answer: Undifferentiated, nonfunctional cells that tend to reproduce rapidly and may infiltrate or spread into surrounding tissue Carcinoma (M5) correct answer: Epithelial tissue tumor Sarcoma (M5) correct answer: Connective tissue tumor Anemia (M5) correct answer: Decreased hemoglobin Metastasis (M5) correct answer: Spreading to distant sites by blood or lymph vessels Seeding (M5) correct answer: Spread of cancer via body secretions Invasion (M5) correct answer: Local spread of tumor into adjacent tissue and destruction of normal cells
Palliative (M5) correct answer: Treatment that reduces manifestations and may prolong life
