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Advanced Pathophysiology
2024 NSG 5003 Week 8 Quiz/Knowledge
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Question 1 (1 point) Question 1 Saved The kidney is able to keep the rate of glomerular perfusion and GFR fairly constant over a range of arterial pressures. One mechanism responsible for the autoregulatory response in the kidney is: Question 1 options: Myogenic mechanism Active transport Carrier mechanism Passive transport Question 2 (1 point) Question 2 Unsaved Acute cystitis is an inflammation of the bladder and is the most common site of UTIs. A UTI is an inflammation of the urinary epithelium most usually caused by: Question 2 options: Fungus from the perineal area
Advanced Pathophysiology Bacteria from gut flora Herpes simplex 2 A worm or parasite Question 3 (1 point) Question 3 Unsaved Different patterns of urinary sediment may be associated with varying types of glomerulonephritis. The loss of the negative electrical charge across the glomerular filtration membrane and an increase in filtration pore size enhances the movement of proteins into the
Advanced Pathophysiology Question 5 options: During puberty
Advanced Pathophysiology During leptin secretion During embryonic development During the menstrual cycle Question 6 What is the functional unit of the kidney called Nephron Question 7 The only surface inside the nephron where cells are covered with microvilli to increase the reabsorptive surface area is called the Proximal convoluted tubules Question 8 What part of the kidney controls renal blood flow, glomerular filtration, and renin secretion Juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) Question 9 The glomerular filtration rate is directly related to which factor Perfusion pressure in the glomerular capillaries Question 10 What effects do exercise and body position have on renal blood flow They activate renal sympathetic neurons and cause mild vasoconstriction Question 11 Blood vessels of the kidneys are innervated by the Sympathetic nervous system
Advanced Pathophysiology Confusion and poorly localized abdominal discomfort Anemia of chronic renal failure can be successfully treated with which element Erythropoietin What medical term is used to identify a functional urinary tract obstruction caused by an interruption of the nerve supply to the bladder Neurogenic bladder What initiates inflammation in acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis Immune complexes Acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) may be accompanied by a positive throat or skin culture for which bacteria streptococcus What is the cause of smoky, brown-colored urine resulting from acute poststreptococal glomerulonephritis Presence of red blood cells What is the pathophysiologic process responsible for the autoimmune disorder of hemolytic- uremic syndrome (HUS) Verotoxin from Escherichia coli is absorbed from the intestines and damages erythrocytes and endothelial cells
Advanced Pathophysiology Bacteria gain access to the female urinary tract by which means Bacteria ascending the urethra into the bladder What is the mechanism for developing Wilms tumor The development of a Wilms tumor involves tumor-suppressor genes located on chromosome 11 Which anomaly is often associated with Wilms tumor Aniridia Which statement is false about the causes of enuresis Excessive nocturnal levels of vasopressin may cause enuresis When does an individual have their full complement of renal nephrons At birth Hyperkalemia treatment Treatment - give loop diuretics (K+ sparing), dietary restrictions, cation exchange resins, and dialysis IV- calcium gluconate/insulin/dextrose and Kaexelate Nebulized/IV-salbutamol
