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NSG-430 Exam 1 Practice Series with
Rationales & Answers.
what drug is used to replace aldosterone in addisonian crisis? Answers
flusrocortisone
what medication blocks the release of thyroid hormones? Answers
iodine
what are the indirect causes of ARDS? Answers
sepsis, burns, blood transfusions, pancreatitis, drug overdose
what are the direct causes of ARDS? Answers
pneumonia, aspiration, inhalation injury, near-drowning, embolism
How long after injury is the proliferative phase in ARDS? Answers
14 days
how long after injury is the fibrotic phase of ARDS? Answers
3 weeks
what PAWP measurement indicates ARDS? Answers
< 18 mm Hg
what is the mnemonic for s/s of pneumothorax? Answers
COLLAPSED
What does COLLAPSED stand for? Answers
Chest pain, cyanosis
Overt tachycardia, tachypnea
Low blood pressure
Low SpO
Absent breath sounds on affected side
Pushing trachea to unaffected side
SubQ emphysema, sucking sound
Expansion of chest unequal
Dyspnea
what part of the brain produces ADH? Answers
hypothalamus
does the anterior or posterior pituitary gland secrete ADH? Answers
posterior
what type of cancer causes SIADH? Answers
lung cancer
what infections can cause SIADH? Answers
pneumonia, meningitis
what side effects can chlorpropamide cause? Answers
hypoglycemia, photosensitivity
what electrolyte imbalance can desmopressin cause? Answers
hyponatremia
what are ketones a byproduct of? Answers
fat metabolism
DKA mainly occurs in what type of diabetes? Answers
type 1
What medication increases thyroid hormone? Answers
Aspirin
What are anti thyroid medications? Answers
PTU, methimazole
Which anti thyroid medication can be given during the first trimester? Answers
PTU
What organ can be damaged by PTU? Answers
Liver
What are two adverse effects of anti thyroid medications? Answers
agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia
what medication blocks the secretion of thyroid hormones? Answers
Iodine "Lugol's" solution
what medication prevents the conversion of thyroid hormones? Answers
dexamethazone
what drug class is dexamethazone? Answers
glucocorticoid
what is a side effect of Lugol's solution? Answers
metallic taste
what medication inhibits thyroid secretion? Answers
lithium
what are s/s of hyponatremia? Answers
seizures, headache, vomiting, decreased neurologic function
What does the sodium level need to be to give furosemide? Answers
125 or greater
What does demeclocycline do? Answers
deficient production or secretion of ADH or a decreased renal response to ADH
when does central DI become permanent? Answers
10-14 days after intracranial surgery
true or false: central DI from head trauma is self-limiting
true
what should sodium be limited to for DI? Answers
3 g/day
What does indomethacin do? Answers
increase renal response to ADH
which alveolar cells produce surfactant? Answers
Type II
which phase of ARDS is related to a poor prognosis? Answers
Fibrotic stage
What is a normal P/F ratio? Answers
452
What P/F ratio is mild ARDS? Answers
What P/F ratio is moderate ARDS? Answers
<
What P/F ratio is severe ARDS? Answers
<
What are the names of two neuromuscular blocking agents? Answers
vecuronium, pancuromium
what PaO2 level is seen with hypoxemic respiratory failure? Answers
<60 mmHg
what PaC02 level is seen with hypercapnic respiratory failure? Answers
50 mmHg
what part of the lung is the V/Q ratio greater than 1? Answers
Apex
which part of the lung is the V/Q ratio less than 1? Answers
Base
What are the causes of V/Q mismatch? Answers
obesity, flail chest, kyphosis
what are the early signs of ARF? Answers
tachycardia, tachypnea, pallor, mild increase in WOB
what is the most common form of NIPPV for ARF? Answers
BiPAP
what should the nurse monitor for in a patient taking methylprednisolone for ARF? Answers
hypokalemia, adrenal insufficiency, hyperglycemia
what medications relieve pulmonary congestion in ARF? Answers
furosemide, morphine, nitroglycerine
what are the three stages of ARDS? Answers
injury (exudative), reparative (proliferative), fibrotic (fibro proliferative)
what is a late sign of tension pneumothorax? Answers
tracheal deviation towards the unaffected side
what three drugs are part of immunosuppressive therapy after a lung transplant? Answers
tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, prednisone
what is the most common type of lung cancer? Answers
non-small cell lung cancer (adenocarcinoma)
what cancer stages are candidates for surgery? Answers
1, 2, and 3a
what is the ABCDEF Bundle used for? Answers
Preventing delirium
What does ABCDEF stand for? Answers
Assessment
Breathing trials daily Choice of analgesia or sedation
Delirium prevention and management
Early mobility
Family engagement
what is the most common type of thyroid cancer? Answers
papillary
what is the most advanced and aggressive thyroid cancer? Answers
anaplastic
what hormone is increased with medullary thyroid cancer? Answers
calcitonin
what surgery is done for a heart-lung transplant? Answers
median sternotomy
what surgery is done for a single-lung transplant? Answers
thoracotomy
what are the three characteristics of status asthmaticus? Answers
hypoxia, hypercapnia, ARF
what IV medication is given for status asthmaticus? Answers
magnesium sulfate
is hydrocortisone used as a reversal or replacement drug for addisonian crisis? Answers
reversal
