Download NU372 (Adult Health Nursing II)FINAL EXAM|2025-2026|180Qs&As WITH RATIONALES|A+GRADE and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
NU372 FINAL EXAM|2025-2026|180Qs&As WITH
RATIONALES|A+GRADE
Which is the primary cause of otitis media in young children? An obstructed eustachian tube Rationale: A blocked eustachian tube impairs drainage and creates negative pressure; when the tube opens, bacteria are pulled into the middle ear. A client is prescribed rifampin after being exposed to active tuberculosis. Which finding would the nurse immediately report to the health care provider? Select all that apply. Small, red, pinpoint areas on the arms A client is being admitted to a medical unit with a diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. Which type of room would the nurse assign this client? Negative-airflow room A client arrives at a health clinic stating, "I am here to have my tuberculin skin test read." The nurse notes that there is a 7-mm indurated area at the injection site. Which statement made by the nurse correctly describes this result? "The result indicates that you are infected with the tuberculosis organism."
A client with tuberculosis receives instructions regarding isoniazid (INH) therapy from the assigned nurse. Which client statement indicates a misunderstanding of the content? "I should apply sunscreen and wear sun-protective clothing while going outside." Rationale: This medication is not a photosensitive medication. All the rest of the statements are accurate. The nurse identifies 12 mm of induration at the site of a client's tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) test. Which rational would the nurse use to explain this test? The result indicates a need for further tests and a chest x-ray. Rationale: The test result is positive, not negative; thus further testing is necessary. It is the most accurate skin test for tuberculosis (TB) because of the testing material and the intradermal method used Which clinical manifestations are associated with a diagnosis of tuberculosis? Select all that apply. Hemoptysis Anorexia Night sweats
When a client has difficulty swallowing after a stroke, which action by the nurse would be most important in preventing pneumonia? Having suction available during meals When a client with pneumonia is experiencing dyspnea because of difficulty expectorating thick respiratory secretions, which action by the nurse will be most helpful? Offer fluids at frequent intervals A client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and cryptococcal pneumonia frequently is incontinent of feces and urine and produces copious sputum. When giving this client a bath, which protective equipment would the nurse use? Select all that apply. Surgical mask Gown Gloves Rationale: A gown, mask, and gloves when bathing the client prevent contact with feces, sputum, or other body fluids during intimate body care
A client is admitted with cellulitis of the left leg and a temperature of 103°F (39.4°C). The primary health care provider prescribes intravenous (IV) antibiotics. Which action is the priority before administering the antibiotics? Determine the client's allergies. Which clinical manifestation is associated with cellulitis? Lymphadenopathy (swelling of the lymph nodes) Which assessment findings would the nurse identify in a client with clinical manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? Select all that apply. *Development of antinuclear antibodies *Inflammatory disease pattern *Bilateral involvement of metacarpophalangeal joints When developing the plan of care for a client with rheumatoid arthritis, which client consideration would the nurse include? Comfort
The nurse is providing counseling to a client with the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which recommendations are essential for the nurse to include? Select all that apply..
- "Wear a large-brimmed hat."
- "Take your temperature daily."
- "Balance periods of rest and activity." The nurse is interviewing a client who was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which clinical findings to this disease would the nurse expect the client to exhibit? Select all that apply..
- Butterfly facial rash
- Inflammation of the joints An adolescent has been admitted with a history of symptoms of fatigue, intermittent fever, weight loss, and arthralgia, and the diagnosis is systemic lupus erythematosus. Which is the best intervention at this time? Education about diet, rest, and exercise Which actions transmit the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? Select all that apply..
- Sharing syringe needles
- Breast-feeding a newborn
- Anal intercourse
Which organism is a common opportunistic infection in a client infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? Oropharyngeal candidiasis In clients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which potential complication is most important for the nurse to teach prevention strategies? Infection Rationale:. Instructions regarding rest, nutrition, and avoidance of unnecessary exposure to people with infections help reduce the risk for infection A client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reports dyspnea on exertion, increased heart rate, a persistent dry cough, and a persistent low-grade fever. The nurse auscultates bilateral crackles in the lower lung lobes. Which organism would the nurse suspect is responsible for this condition? Pneumocystis jiroveci Rationale: Pneumocystis jiroveci causes pneumonia, which is the most common opportunistic infection in clients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
The nurse is preparing to administer a vaccine to a child. Which conditions, if present, would allow for the safe administration of the vaccine? Select all that apply..
- Current antimicrobial therapy
- Mild to moderate local reactions
- Recent exposure to infectious diseases A client expresses concern regarding the lack of annual flu vaccines because of a supply and demand problem. Which response by the nurse is best? "There are other things you and your family can do to prevent the flu, such as hand washing." Which causative agent is common to both hyperthermia and hypothermia? Alcohol Which activity places a client at risk for hyperthermia? Performing strenuous activity in high humidity The nurse assesses for which client symptoms that indicate hyperthermia? Select all that apply..
- Vasodilation
- Dry and flushed skin
- Decreased urinary output A client has a history of a persistent cough, hemoptysis, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, night sweats, and fever. Which risk would be assessed? Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection A client reports fever, redness, skin breakdown, and inflammation on the leg. Upon assessment, the nurse finds the area to be tender and edematous with diffused borders. The nurse would anticipate teaching the client about which condition? Cellulitis A child has a respiratory tract infection with a low-grade fever. When teaching the parents, which intervention would the nurse emphasize? Giving small amounts of clear liquids frequently to prevent dehydration Which finding is indicative of hypothermia in a newborn? Select all that apply.. Hypoglycemia
Which nursing action will be most helpful in preventing transmission of influenza in crowded communities? Educating about the importance of having annual vaccinations Which information would the nurse include when teaching about why women are more susceptible to urinary tract infections than men? The length of the urethra Which characteristic of urine changes in the presence of a urinary tract infection (UTI)? Clarity Which instruction would the nurse include in a health practices teaching plan for a female client with a history of recurrent urinary tract infections? "Wear cotton underwear or lingerie." A client recovering from deep partial-thickness burns develops chills, fever, flank pain, and malaise. The primary health care provider makes a tentative diagnosis of urinary tract infection. Which diagnostic tests would the nurse expect the primary health care provider to prescribe to confirm this diagnosis? Urinalysis with a urine culture and sensitivity
A primary health care provider diagnoses the client's condition as otitis media. Which assessment finding supports that diagnosis? Redness of the eardrum The nurse would include which instruction to the parents of a child being treated with oral ampicillin for otitis media? Complete the entire course of antibiotic therapy. Which factor would the nurse consider when the parent of a 10-month-old infant expresses frustration that this is the baby's third otitis media in 3 months? The eustachian tube is short and horizontal. The parent of a preterm infant asks the nurse in the neonatal intensive care unit why the baby is in a bed with a radiant warmer. How would the nurse explain the increased risk for hypothermia in preterm infants? Lack the subcutaneous fat that usually provides insulation While performing cardiac surgery, the cardiologist intentionally induces hypothermia in the client. Which rationale explains this intervention by the cardiologist? To prevent tissue ischemia
Which clinical manifestations would the nurse observe in a client experiencing a full-blown anaphylactic shock from a type I latex allergic reaction? Select all that apply..
- Stridor
- Hypotension
- Dyspnea Which finding will the nurse expect when caring for a client who is in hypovolemic shock? Cool skin temperature Rationale: Shunting of blood to vital organs such as the heart and brain occurs in hypovolemic shock, leading to cool skin because of decreased skin perfusion. Which finding by the nurse who is caring for a client after major abdominal surgery may indicate impending hypovolemic shock? Client report of feeling very thirsty Rationale: With hypovolemic shock, extravascular fluid depletion leads to client feeling of thirst. With hypovolemia, urine output will decrease due to compensatory mechanisms designed to retain volume
When a client with hypovolemic shock has a hematocrit value of 25%, which fluid therapy will the nurse prepare to infuse? Packed red blood cells Rationale: Blood replacement is needed to increase the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood; the expected hematocrit for women is 37% to 47% and for men is 42% to 52%. Which clinical manifestations would the nurse expect when assessing a client who is diagnosed with cardiogenic shock? Select all that apply..
- Tachycardia
- Restlessness
- Bradypnea Which assessment finding will the nurse expect when caring for a client who has cardiogenic shock? Cold, clammy skin Which change in the client's lab results indicates that the client is in septic shock? An increased serum lactate level
A client with hypertension tells the nurse, "I took the blood pressure pills for a few weeks, but I didn't feel any different, so I decided I'd only take them when I feel sick." Which is the best action for the nurse to take? Ask the client questions to determine the current understanding of high blood pressure When a client with a history of hypertension that is usually successfully treated with medications has a blood pressure of 160/100 mm Hg during a clinic appointment, which action would the nurse take next? Question the client about symptoms such as headache or chest pain. Which medication would be prescribed to reduce hypertension in a pregnant client? Magnesium sulfate A pregnant woman diagnosed with hypertension was administered magnesium sulfate. Which prescribed medication would the nurse administer to prevent magnesium toxicity? Calcium gluconate
After a short hospitalization for an episode of a transient ischemic attack (TIA) related to hypertension, a client is discharged on a regimen that includes chlorothiazide. Which instruction will the nurse give the client regarding nutrition? "Eat more dark green, leafy vegetables such as spinach." Rationale: The client should increase the dietary intake of potassium because of potassium loss associated with chlorothiazide. A client is admitted to the hospital, and benazepril is prescribed for hypertension. Which is an appropriate nursing action for clients taking this medication? Assess for dizziness. Furosemide has been prescribed as part of the medical regimen for a client with hypertension. Which client statement indicates a need for medication education? "This can decrease my vitamin K level." Rationale: Furosemide can produce hypokalemia, not vitamin K deficiency A client who is receiving atenolol for hypertension frequently reports feeling dizzy. Which effect of atenolol is responsible for this response?
