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NUR 100 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM 2025-
2026|REAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS|GRADED A+|ROCKLAND
COMMUNITY COLLEGE
A 77 y/o man who has been diagnosed with an upper respiratory tract infection tells the nurse that he is allergic to penicillin. Which is the most appropriate response by the nurse? a. Many people are allergic to penicillin b. This allergy is not of major concern because the drug is given so often c. what type of reaction did you have when you took penicillin? d. drug allergies don't usually occur in older individuals due to build up resistance to allergic reactions C The nurse is preparing a care plan for a patient who has been newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of these reflect the correct order of the steps of the nursing process? a. assessment, planning, human needs statement, implementation, evaluation b. eval, assessment, human needs statement, planning, implementation c. human needs statement, assessment, planning, implementation, eval d. assessment, human needs statement, planning, implementation, eval D
An elderly woman took a prescription medicine to help her sleep; however, she felt restless all night and did not sleep at all. The nurse recognizes that this woman has experienced which type or reaction or effect? a. allergic reaction b. idiosyncratic reaction c. mutagenic effect d. synergistic effect B The nurse is caring for a patient with cirrhosis or hepatitis and recognizes that abnormalities in which phase of pharmokinetics may occur in this patient? a. absorption b. distribution c. metabolism d. excretion C A patient who has hypertension is now taking a daily beta blocker. Which term best describes this type of therapy? a. palliative therapy b. maintenance therapy c. supportive therapy d. supplemental therapy B
b. cardiac glycosides c. Anticagulants d. Antihypertensives D A pregnant patient who is at 32 weeks' gestation has a cold and calls the office to ask about taking an over-the-counter medication that is rated as pregnancy category A. Which answer by the nurse is correct? a. "This drug causes problems in the human fetus, so you should not take this medication." b. "This drug may cause problems in the human fetus, but nothing has been proven in clinical trials. It is best not to take this medication." c. "This drug has not caused problems in animals, but no testing has been done in humans. It is probably safe to take." d. "Studies indicate that there is no risk to the human fetus, so it is okay to take this medication as directed if you need it." D An 82 year old patient is admitted to the hospital after an episode of confusion at home. The nurse is assessing the current medications he is taking at home. Which method is the best way to assess his home medications? a. ask the patient what medications he takes at home b. ask the patients wife what medications he takes at home c. ask the patients wife to bring his medications to the hospital in their original containers d. contact the patients pharmacy for a list of the patients current medications C
A patient has been diagnosed with late stage cancer. After consulting with his family, he tells the nurse "i would like to try to live long enough to see my granddaughter graduate in 3 months, but after that I dont want any extra treatments." The patient is demonstrating which of these? a. veracity b. beneficence c. maleficence d. autonomy D An 80 year old patient is being discharged home on drug therapy for hyperthyroidism and has very little information regarding the medication. Which statement best reflects a realistic outcome of patient teaching activities? a. The patient and patient's daughter will state the proper way to take the drug b. The nurse will provide teaching about the drug's adverse effects c. The patient will state all the symptoms of toxicity of the drug d. The patient will call the prescriber if adverse effects occur A A patient has a new prescription for a blood pressure medication that may cause him to feel dizzy during the first few days of therapy. Which is the best human needs statement for this situation? a. physical activity
A patient is being counseled for possible participation in a clinical trial for a new medication. After the patient meets with the physician, the nurse is asked to obtain the patients signature on the consent forms. The nurse knows that this informed consent indicated which of these? a. once therapy has begun, the patient cannot withdraw from the clinical trial b. the patient has been informed of all potential hazards and benefits of the therapy c. the patient has received only the information that will help to make the clinical trial a success d. no matter what happens, the patient will not be able to sue the researchers for damages B A new drug has been approved for use, and the drug manufacturer has made it available for sale. During the first 6 months, the FDA receives reports of severe adverse effects that were not discovered during the testing and considers withdrawing the drug. This illustrates which phase of investigational drug studies? a. Phase I b. Phase II c. Phase III d. Phase IV D A patient of Japanese descent says that members of her family often have "strong reactions" after taking certain medications, but her white friends have no
problems with the same dosages of the same drugs. The nurse recognizes that, because of this trait, which statement applies? a. she may need lower dosages of the medications prescribed b. she may need high dosages of the medications prescribed c. she should not receive these medications because of potential problems with metabolism d. these situations vary greatly and her accounts may not indicate a valid cause for concerns A During the medication administration process, it is important that the nurse remembers which guideline? a When in doubt about a drug, ask a colleague about it before giving the drug. b. Ask what the patient knows about the drug before giving it. c When giving a new drug, be sure to read about it after giving it. d If a patient expresses a concern about a drug, stop, listen, and investigate the concerns. D If a student nurse realizes that he or she has made a drug error, the instructor should remind the student of which concept? a) The student bears no legal responsibility when giving medications. b) The major legal responsibility lies with the health care institution at which the student is placed for clinical experience. c) The major legal responsibility for drug errors lies with the faculty members.
The nurse is performing medication reconciliation during a patients admission assessment. Which question by the nurse reflects medication reconciliation? a. do you have any medication allergies? b. do you have a list of all the medications including OTC you are currently taking? c. do you need to take anything to help you sleep at night? d. what pharmacies do you use when you fill your prescriptions? B A 47 year old patient with diabetes is being discharged home and must take insulin injections twice a day. The nurse keeps in mind which concepts when considering patient teaching? a. teaching needs to begin at the time of diagnosis or admission and is individualized to the patients reading level b. the nurse can assume that because the patient is in his 40s he will be able to read any written or printed documents provided c. the majority of teaching can be done with pamphlets that the patient can share with family members d. a thorough and comprehensive teaching plan designed for an 11th grade reading level needs to be developed A
The nurse is responsible for preoperative teaching for a patient whos mildly anxious about receiving pain medications postoperatively. The nurse recognizes that this level of anxiety in the patient may result in which of these? a. impeded learning because anxiety is always a barrier to learning b. major emotional instability c. increased motivation to learn d.increased postoperative healing time C Which action by the nurse is the best way to assess a patients learning needs? a. quiz the patient daily on all medications b. begin with validation of the patients present level of knowledge c. assess family members knowledge of prescribed medications even if they are not involved in the patients care d. ask the caregivers what the patient knows about the medications B Which technique would be most appropriate to use when the nurse is teaching a patient with a language barrier?
c. Hold the medications until after the test is completed. d. Call the health care provider to clarify the instructions D What are the six rights of medication administration? right drug, right dose, right time, right route, right patient, right documentation The day shift charge nurse is making rounds. A patient tells the nurse that the night shift nurse never gave him his medication, which was due at 2100. What will the nurse do first to determine whether the medication was given? a. Call the night nurse at home b. Check the medication administration record c. Call the pharmacy d. Review the nurse's notes B A nurse makes an error when administering medications to a patient. Which action by the nurse requires the supervising nurse to intervene? The nurse a. completes an incident report. b. informs the prescriber of the error. c. documents adverse effects to the medication error.
d. records completion of an incident report in the medical chart. D The nurse is giving a medication that has a high first-pass effect. The health care provider has changed the route from IV to PO. The nurse expects the oral dose to be a. higher because of the first-pass effect. b. lower because of the first-pass effect. c. the same as the IV dose. d. unchanged. A A patient is complaining of severe pain and has orders for morphine sulfate. The nurse knows that the route that would give the slowest pain relief would be which route? a. IV b. IM (muscle) c. Subcut (fat) d. PO (oral) D
d. Remove the old patch and apply the new patch to a different, clean area D When teaching a pregnant woman about the use of drugs during pregnancy, which statement will the nurse include? a. Exposure of the fetus to drugs is most detrimental during the second trimester of pregnancy. b. Pregnant women must never take drugs to control high blood pressure. c. Drug transfer to the fetus is most likely to occur during the last trimester of pregnancy. d. The fetus is at greatest risk for drug-induced developmental defects during the second trimester of pregnancy. C When administering medications to pediatric patients, the nurse understands that the dosage calculations for pediatric patients are different than for adults because pediatric patients a. are more likely to develop edema. b. have more stomach acid. c. have skin that is less permeable. d. have immature liver and kidney function, resulting in impaired drug metabolism and excretion. D
Which does the nurse identify as a pharmacokinetic change that occurs in the elderly? a. Gastric pH is more acidic b. Fat content is decreased because of increased lean body mass c. Increased production of proteins by the liver d. The number of intact nephrons is decreased D Which racial group is predicted to be nearly one in three U.S. residents in 2050? a. African American b. Asian c. Hispanic d. White C A research group is conducting an investigational drug study on a promising new drug for osteoporosis. It has been difficult to find research subjects who meet the criteria. Just before the conclusion of the study, four subjects approach the
D
The nurse is administering a drug that has been ordered as follows: "Give 10 mg on odd-numbered days and 5 mg on even-numbered days." When the date changes from May 31 to June 1, what should the nurse do? a. Give 10 mg because June 1 is an odd-numbered day b. Hold the dose until the next odd-numbered day c. Change the order to read "Give 10 mg on even-numbered days and 5 mg on odd-numbered days" d. Consult the prescriber to verify that the dose should alternate each day, no matter whether the day is odd- or even-numbered D The nursing student realizes that she has given a patient a double dose of an antihypertensive medication. The tablet was supposed to be cut in half, but the student forgot and administered the entire tablet. The patient's blood pressure just before the dose was 146/98 mm Hg. What should the student nurse do first? a. Notify the patient's physician b. Notify the clinical faculty c. Take the patient's blood pressure d. Continue to monitor the patient B
The nurse is caring for an 85-year-old patient in the hospital and teaching him how to use an inhaler. His 84-year-old wife attends the teaching sessions, and their daughter comes in to visit in the evenings. The patient is having trouble remembering the steps. The nurse should a. provide the package insert that comes with the medication for the patient to read. b. focus the teaching sessions on the patient's wife. c. provide small amounts of information at a time, repeating information frequently. d. wait until the daughter comes in and teach the daughter instead. C A patient with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus has completed a diabetes education program. One month later, the patient confesses at a follow-up appointment that he "just didn't feel like" giving himself the insulin injections. Which nursing diagnosis will the nurse assign the patient? a. Deficient knowledge b. Noncompliance c. Impaired memory d. Sleep deprivation B
