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NUR 1230 FINAL EXAM 2024 | ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS | VERIFIED ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+ | LATEST VERSION
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What happens with infants and young children when they experience cyanosis due to Tetralogy of Fallot? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------- Infants having a Tet spell, where everything is constricting and it can be brought on by being emotional and when they cry they become cyanotic, you want to put them over your shoulder, knee, chest to get that blood flow back to heart and lungs (specifically the lungs)
Coarct=narrowing **Coarctation of the Aorta= narrowing of the aorta; which reduced blood flow to the body Narrowing occurs on the aortic arch and 99% of narrowing is after this
Consequences of congenital heart defects? ------CORRECT ANSWER------ ---------Heart failure How are we going to treat heart failure? ------CORRECT ANSWER------------ ----Oxygenation
the organ that produces and secretes insulin ------CORRECT ANSWER----- ----------pancreas 2 class of medication used to treat pain and burning from diabetic neuropathy ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------anticonvulsants (gabapentin) and tricyclic antidepressants action that triggers gastric ulcer pain ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------- eating medical term for gall stones ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------- cholelothiasis patient position when receiving tube feeding ------CORRECT ANSWER------ ---------HOB elevated at least 30 degrees highest nursing priority when caring for a post op bariatric surgery patient -- ----CORRECT ANSWER---------------airway management hypo or hyperthyroid - Hashimoto's disease ------CORRECT ANSWER------- --------hypothyroid type of diabetes that can be controlled with diet, exercise, and weight loss and therefore eliminate the need for medications ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------type 2 diabetes
when mixing short and intermediate insulin, air gets injected into which insulin vial first ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------NPH (intermediate) acting insulin illness caused by the ingestion of fecal contaminated food or eater and can be spread from person to person through saliva ------CORRECT ANSWER- --------------H. pylori the cause of shoulder pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy ------ CORRECT ANSWER---------------injection of CO2 into the abdomen during the procedure normal gastric pH level ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------- 1 - 5. 3 types of bariatric sugery ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------gastric bypass, vertical sleeve, gastric band the endocrine system consists of the 8 glands ------CORRECT ANSWER--- ------------thyroid, parathyroid, pituitary, pancreas, hypothalamus, adrenal, testes, ovaries the major organ that converts insulin to active status ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------pancreas
what organ can store glucose ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------liver diabetic medication that must be held 24 hours before and 48 hrs after a CT scan ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------metformin 3 types of peptic ulcers ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------gastric, duodenal, stress 5 potential serious complications of pancreatitis if left untreated ------ CORRECT ANSWER---------------coagulopathy, pleural effusion, hypovolemia, shock, paralytic ileus when calculating tube feedings, number of milliliters (ml) in each ounce -----
from others in the household, take a laxative on days 2 and 3 after receiving treatment to help excrete contaminated stool faster tachycardia, N/V, and abdominal cramping 15 minutes after eating are symptoms of this after bariatric surgery ------CORRECT ANSWER------------ ---dumping syndrome 4 methods for administering tube feeding ------CORRECT ANSWER---------- -----continuous, cyclic, intermittent, bolus 3 most common symptoms of aspiration ------CORRECT ANSWER----------- ----coughing, SOB, decreased O2 saturations priority nursing care for a patient with pancreatitis in the first 24hrs ------ CORRECT ANSWER---------------maintain NPO status, place NGT, pain control risk factors for cholelithiasis ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------female obesity, age, pregnancy, high fat / high cholesterol diet, sedentary lifestyle, rapid weight loss, diabetes 3 most common symptoms of asipration ------CORRECT ANSWER----------- ----coughing, SOB, decreased O2 saturations nursing measures to prevent post-op complication after gastric surgery -----
binder, administer anticoagulants, remove foley after 24hrs, SCD's, semi- fowler positioning, monitor O2 sats (C&DB), mobilization medication given to treat hypocalcemia ------CORRECT ANSWER------------ ---calcium gluconate microvascular complications of DM ------CORRECT ANSWER--------------- retinopathy neuropathy nephropathy regular insulin onset, peak, and duration ------CORRECT ANSWER----------- ----30 min, 2-3 hours 3-6 hrs common symptoms of perforated ulcer ------CORRECT ANSWER------------- --severe upper abdominal pain, vomiting, tender/rigid abdomen, fetal positioning common description of pancreatitis pain ------CORRECT ANSWER----------- ----sudden, intense, severe abdominal pain, radiates to the back, L flank and shoulder improves in fetal position nursing assessment to determine correct positioning of NGT consists of what ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------auscultate air into NGT while listening for gurgling over the stomach, check that tube is inserted at the correct CM mark as last chest Xray, aspiration of gastric contents
drug therapy for GERD ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------antacids (TUMS), proton pump inhibitors (Prilosec), histamine blockers (Zantac) 3 labs drawn to assess the function of the thyroid gland ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------T3, T4, TSH What is cerebral palsy? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------Abnormal develop of, or damage to, the motor areas of the brain; results in brains ability to control movement and posture Is cerebral palsy progressive or non-progressive? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------It is non-progressive
Nursing Management for Cerebral Palsy: ------CORRECT ANSWER---------- -----Brace them to prevent contractors (contractors are due to improper positioning and no ROM exercises and surgery is needed to get them cut) Nursing Management for Cerebral Palsy: ------CORRECT ANSWER---------- -----Promote mobility, by using Hippotherapy (with a horse) What is Spina Bifida? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------An opening in your back where the spinal cord is exposed or protruding. Any place where that defect is- from there down you have paralysis Side effects of Spina Bifida: ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------- Bowel and Bladder incontinence
Where is Scoliosis more common? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------- Left sided more common in infants
What are the Sickle Cell Pain Crisis Triggers? ------CORRECT ANSWER--- ------------#1 trigger: DEHYDRATION- because if you dehydrated you have a lack of plasma (the liquid in our blood) now you have sluggy red blood cells that are not the right shape and not flowing good #2 trigger: Stress #3 trigger: Infection #4 trigger: Smoking #5 trigger: change in altitude Managing the Sickle Cell Crisis: ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------# thing you want to do is order fluids, this is the FIRST thing you do is start them on IV fluid (DONT GIVE PAIN MEDS UNTIL YOU HYDRATE THEM)**(going to be priority question on test so make sure you pick the first thing you do is hydrate them then treat the pain) #2: Treat the pain with pain meds such as morphine and hydroxyurea #3: Have the patient move, it prevents sickle cells from sitting in the joint #4: Prevent infection Is Sickle Cell Disease lifelong or deadly? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------- -----The disease is lifelong and children can die because of infarcs, damage to the liver, and they can STROKE easily Poor perfusion in children: ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------- Infants: with cardiac disease are poor feeders because its very hard to suck, swallow, and breathe at the same time and as a result as poor feeding they have poor weight gain and then they are failure to thrive
**Which type of cyanosis is the most concerning? ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------Circum oral (around the mouth) How does blood flow through the heart? ------CORRECT ANSWER----------- ----Inferior and superior vena cava (1) dump blood into the right atrium (2) Right ventricle (3) 2 pulmonary arteries (4) that lead to the lungs (5) where blood becomes oxygenated Pulmonary veins (6) bring blood from the lungs back to the left atrium (7) Left ventricle (8) is large and muscular to pump blood into the aorta (9) and to the rest of the body (10) Eventually blood will be pumped back to each vena cava (1) blood comes in from the upper part of he body to the superior vena cava into the right atrium, the inferior vena cava comes from the lower part of the body, right atrium, right ventricle, pulomary artery (unoxyegnated) to the lungs and then gets oxygenated anc omes back through pulmonary veins with are xoygenated to the left atrium to the left venrtricle and out to the aorta (innomient arties which suplly your upper extremities) **Congenital Heart Disease- Right sided heart failure symptoms (need to know difference between right and left) ------CORRECT ANSWER------------- --- JVD (jugular vein distention)