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NEW VERIFIED 2025 VERSION NUR 205 Final Exam QUESTION AND ANSWERS (UPDATED 20242025 VERSION) 100%CORRECT) (A+2025 VERSION)
Which of the following clients is the most appropriate candidate for receiving outpatient care?
A) A client whose complaints of irregular bowel movements have necessitated a colonoscopy
B) A woman who has previously borne two children and is entering the second stage of labor
C) A man who is receiving treatment for sepsis after his blood cultures came back positive
D) A client with a history of depression who is currently expressing suicidal ideation
A
Outpatient services are appropriate for clients who are medically stable but who require diagnostic testing, such as a colonoscopy. Clients in active labor and clients who are actively septic or suicidal require close monitoring and frequent interventions, which can only be safely provided on an inpatient basis.
After many years of advanced practice nursing, a nurse has recently enrolled in a nurse practitioner program. This nurse has been attracted to the program by the potential to provide primary care for clients after graduation, an opportunity that is most likely to exist in which of the following settings?
A) A rural health center
B) A long-term care facility
C) A university hospital
D) A community hospital
A
Many rural health centers employ few health care providers, and primary care is often provided by a nurse practitioner (NP). A nurse practitioner may provide care in a long-term care facility or hospital, but in these settings, the NP is less likely to be the provider of primary care to clients.
Which of the following phrases best describes hospitals today?
A) Focus on chronic illnesses
B) Focus on acute care needs
C) Primary care centers
D) Voluntary agencies
B
Hospitals have become acute care providers for people who are too ill to care for themselves at home, who are severely injured, who require surgery or complicated treatment, or who are having babies. Hospitals rarely focus on chronic illnesses, and they are not primary care centers. Hospitals are not classified as voluntary agencies.
A man is scheduled for hospital outpatient surgery. He tells the nurse, "I don't know what that word,outpatient, means." How would the nurse respond?
A) "It means you will have surgery in the hospital and stay for 2 days."
B) "It means the surgeon will come to your home to do the surgery."
C) "Why would you ask such a question? Don't worry about it."
D) "You will have surgery and go home that same day."
D
In addition to providing acute care, hospitals have many services for outpatients (those who require health care but do not need to stay in the facility). Clients who have outpatient surgery have the procedure, return to their hospital room for recovery, and then are discharged home on the same day.
A nurse in a walk-in health care setting provides technical services (e.g., administering medications), determines the priority of care needs, and provides client teaching on all aspects of care. Which of the following terms best describes this type of health care setting?
A) Hospital
B) Physician's office
C) Ambulatory center
D) Long-term care
C
Long-term care facilities provide health care, and help with the activities of daily living, for people of any age who are physically or mentally unable to care for themselves independently. They do not provide care only to older adults or those with dementia, although they do care for those populations as well as others. They do not provide care to homeless persons.
A grade school is preparing a series of classes on the dangers of smoking. Who would be most likely to teach the classes?
A) A community health nurse
B) An outside consultant
C) A teacher
D) The school nurse
D
School nurses provide many different services, including maintaining immunization records, providing emergency care, administering prescribed medications, conducting routine screenings, conducting health assessments, and teaching for health promotion (e.g., the dangers of smoking). Although any of the other choices may provide teaching, it is the nurse who primarily provides health-related teaching.
An elderly woman has total care of her husband, who suffers from debilitative rheumatoid arthritis. The couple voices concern over the pain and stress associated with the condition. What type of care might the nurse suggest to help the couple?
A) Primary care
B) Respite care
C) Bereavement care
D) Palliative care
D
The goal of palliative care is relief from the symptoms, pain, and stress of a serious illness, and to improve the quality of life for both the client and the family. The main purpose of respite care is to give the primary caregiver some time away from the responsibilities of day-to-day care. Primary care is found in acute care settings and physicians' offices. Bereavement care is provided to families following the death of a family member.
What population do hospice nurses provide with care?
A) Those requiring care to improve health
B) Children with chronic illnesses
C) Dying persons and their loved ones
D) Older adults requiring long-term care
C
Hospice is a program of palliative and supportive services providing physical, psychological, social, and spiritual care for dying persons, their families, and other loved ones. Hospice nurses do not implement care to improve health, focus on children with chronic illnesses, or care for older adults in long-term care.
Who provides physicians with the authority to admit and provide care to clients requiring hospitalization?
A) The health care institution itself
B) Board of Healing Arts
C) American Medical Association
D) State Board of Nursing
A
Physicians are granted the authority to admit clients to a health care agency or institution, and to provide care in that setting by the health care agency or institution itself. They are licensed to practice medicine by a state medical board, not a state board of nursing or a board of healing arts.
After a stroke, a client is having difficulty swallowing. The nurse may make a referral to what member of the health care team?
A) Physical therapist
B) Speech therapist
C) Social worker
A person receiving health care insurance from his employer knows that he should check the approved list of contracted health care providers before seeking services, in order to receive them at a lower cost. What type of insurance is most likely involved?
A) Medicaid
B) Preferred provider organization
C) Health maintenance organization
D) Long-term care insurance
B
Preferred provider organizations (PPOs) allow a third-party payer (agencies that pay health care providers for services provided to individuals, such as a health insurance company) to contract with a group of health care providers to provide services at a lower fee in return for prompt payment and a guaranteed volume of clients and services. Although clients are encouraged to use specific providers, they may also seek care outside the panel without referral by paying additional out-of-pocket expenses.
What is the primary focus of health care today?
A) Care of acute illnesses
B) Care of chronic illnesses
C) Health promotion
D) Health restoration
C
In the past, health care focused on the treatment of illnesses rather than prevention through health promotion, because preventive strategies were not covered by health insurance. Health awareness and the desire to be involved in one's own health care have strongly influenced the delivery of health care services in our society.
What is one way in which nurses can help shape health care reform?
A) Do their job and do it well
B) Refuse to participate in organizations
C) Support legislation to improve care
D) Become a member of a support group
C
There are many ways in which nurses can help shape health care reform, including supporting legislation to improve care. Nurses are expected to do their job well. Refusing to participate in organizations and/or becoming a member of a support group will not help shape health care reform.
Which of the following health care insurance programs is most suitable for a client 68 years of age?
A) Medicaid
B) Medicare
C) Capitation
D) AmeriCare
B
Medicare is a federal program that finances health care costs of persons 65 years and older, permanently disabled workers of any age and their dependents, and those with end-stage renal disease. The system is funded primarily through withholdings from an employed person's income. Capitation is a reimbursement strategy in managed care organizations. AmeriCare is a type of private insurance. Capitation and AmeriCare are not the preferred providers for the client, considering the client's old age. Medicaid is a federal program that is operated by the states, and each state decides who is eligible and the scope of health services offered. In Medicaid, eligibility may be decided by the state, which is not the case in Medicare.
Nurses who assist clients to deal holistically with their health care needs at the end of their lives work primarily in which health care delivery system?
A) Acute care
B) Primary care
C) Hospice
D) Rehabilitation
C
A) Federal regulations for health care reimbursement policies.
B) Increased emphasis on preventive care.
C) Improvement in treatment of illness.
D) Patients realize that longer stays result in infections and other problems.
A,B,C
Shorter hospital stays direct the focus on the acute care needs of the client and have resulted from improved treatment of disease, increases in preventive care, and federal regulations and other health care reimbursement policies. Longer hospital stays are often the result of infection, as this factor is not related to shorter hospital stays.
Medicare reimburses in-hospital costs based on a set payment for a diagnostic related group (DRG). This means the hospital is reimbursed for a fixed amount based on the diagnosis and projected cost for care. As a result of this system the hospital can make a profit or a loss. Select the responses that describe when a profit for care of the client can be achieved.
A) All of the hospitalization charges are less than projected.
B) The client receives incompatible blood so the hospital does not get charged for it.
C) The client is discharged before the approved discharge date.
D) The nursing care results in the client reaching outcomes for recovery, without complication, after the projected timetable
A,C
The hospital will make a profit when cost of hospitalization is less than the reimbursement assigned for the severity of illness and projected care costs. If the client is discharged earlier than projected the hospital keeps the total reimbursed. Incompatible blood is a preventable error, for which the hospital is not reimbursed. Reaching outcomes after the approved time results in additional cost to the hospital.
Hospice nurses provide care in a variety of settings, including clients' homes, long-term-care facilities, and hospice residences. After the client dies, what happens next?
A) The hospice services are provided to the families of the former residence clients only.
B) The hospice services continue for family and friends during the bereavement period, up to one month after the death.
C) The hospice nurse continues to care for the client's family for up to one year.
D) Nurses assist the family to work through their grief during the period of mourning.
C
After the death of the patient, the hospice nurse continues to care for the client's family during the bereavement period for up to one year. Nurses help the family to work through their loss.
One of the newest concepts in providing long-term care is called aging in place. What is the best description of this type of care?
A) provided within the health care community where they live.
B) Clients move into the nursing home, and access more and more services as required in the same facility. A long- term-care facility, associated with a hospital, that provides acute care services as needed so the client can return
C) Clients move to an independent living apartment or home, then have access to increasing health care services as needed, to long term care.
D) Clients are maintained in their own homes with home health care.
A
The best description of "aging in place" is the type of care where the client moves into an independent living space, and then has access to more services, such as assisted living and/or skilled care, that are part of the health care community in which they live.
Health care is constantly changing and becoming more complex. Select the answers that describe clients as health care consumers today. Select all that apply.
A) They often have health information obtained from the Internet.
B) They prefer to control the decisions made about their own health care.
C) Most are less concerned about health care costs as long as they receive good care.
D) They express concern regarding access to care and the quality of service.
E) They have helped develop clients' rights and cost-containment measures.
A,B,D,E
A nurse is making a visit to a client in the home. As a home health care nurse you may be expected to accomplish which of the following?
A) Complete an assessment on each visit.
B) Provide support to the client and family.
C) Administer treatments and medications.
D) Document actions regarding patient, activities, and progress.
E) Communicate and collaborate with other members of the health team.
All
All of the above. Home health care nurses may provide all of these activities in the home setting.
Nurses work with various members of the health team. The nurse understands that the role of the hospitalist is best described as:
A) the doctor who admits the patient, assumes the management of the patient's care, and maintains communication with the primary physician while the patient is hospitalized.
B) the physician who manages the patient's care in emergency and intensive care units only.
C) the doctor who notifies the primary physician that their patient has been admitted to the hospital, and transfers care to a referral specialist.
D) the specialist who admits the patient to hospital, and returns care to the primary physician for all other referrals and services.
A
The hospitalist is a physician who provides care to the patient in the emergency room and after admission to the hospital. The hospitalist communicates with the patient's primary doctor, but manages the hospital care.
A nurse has been hired to work as an occupational health nurse. In this position as a registered nurse, what will this nurse provide?
A) Occupational therapy to schoolchildren.
B) Education and safety programs in industrial settings.
C) Assessment and motivation services to the unemployed.
D) Activities to assist patients with ADLs in homeless shelters.
B
Industrial settings is the best answer to define/describe occupational health nursing, which focuses on employee safety and health-promotion programs. The other options do not address health needs in an employment setting.
In providing nursing care, it is most important to perform which of the following actions?
A) Administration of prescribed medication
B) Implementation of physician's orders
C) Evaluation of client's responses
D) Coordination of care with the health care team
D
Nurses have moved from simply observing and giving prescribed medications to coordinating clinical information for the entire health care team.
The U.S. system of health care is based on an ability to pay for care, which leaves millions of people uninsured or underinsured, with inadequate access to health care. Nurses are often presented with ethical dilemmas when caring for patients and families. Which of the following is an example of an ethical dilemma? Select all that apply.
A) All clients are entitled to care, whether they can pay or not, because health care is a right.
B) You may have to pay higher insurance premiums to cover the cost of care because you smoke.
C) There are free clinics and health programs to serve the poor; they should receive health care there.
D) Should the uninsured person, who cannot pay for health care, receive the same care and services as someone who works and pays for insurance?
D
A) "I'm starting to see how my lifestyle has caused me to end up here."
B) "I understand why they're not letting me eat anything for the time being."
C) "My intravenous drip will keep me from getting dehydrated right now."
D) "I can see how things could have been much worse if I hadn't gotten to the hospital when I did."
A
The client's understanding of his contribution to his problem demonstrates a shift in attitude and feelings that is characteristic of affective learning. Understanding the treatment, course, and prognosis of his illness are aspects of cognitive learning.
The nurse has been working with a client for several days during the client's recovery from a femoral head fracture. How should a nurse best evaluate whether client education regarding the prevention of falls in the home has been effective?
A) "What changes will you make around your house to reduce the chance of future falls?"
B) "Do you have any questions about the fall prevention measures that we've talked about?"
C) "In light of what we've talked about, why is it important that you remove the throw rugs in your house?"
D) "Do you think that the safety measures I taught you are clear and realistic?"
A
An open-ended question that requires the client to apply the information that has been taught is often the most accurate way to evaluate the effectiveness of client education. Yes/no questions are much less effective ("Do you have any questions?"; "Do you think that the safety measures I taught you are clear and realistic?"). Asking the client about the importance of preventing falls does not directly assess what the client will actually do to prevent falls.
A diabetes nurse educator is teaching a client, newly diagnosed with diabetes, about his disease process, diet, exercise, and medications. What is the goal of this education?
A) To help the client develop self-care abilities
B) To ensure the client will return for follow-up care
C) To facilitate complete recovery from the disease
D) To implement ordered teaching and counseling
A
The basic purpose of educating and counseling is to help clients and families develop the self-care abilities (knowledge, attitude, skills) needed to maintain and improve health.
A nurse refers a client with a new colostomy to a support group. This nurse is practicing which of the following aims of nursing?
A) Promoting health
B) Preventing illness
C) Restoring health
D) Facilitating coping
D
Not all clients fully recover from their illness or injury; many clients will need to learn to cope with permanent health alterations.
Which of the following is an essential component of the definition of learning?
A) Increases self-esteem
B) Decreases stress
C) Can be measured
D) Cannot be measured
C
Learning is the process by which a person acquires or increases knowledge, or changes behavior in a measurable way, as a result of an experience.
A nursing faculty member is teaching a class of second-degree students who have an average age of 32. What is important to remember when teaching adult learners?
Compliance is facilitated by including the client and family in the education-learning process. Other strategies include making sure instructions are understandable, using interactive education methods, and having a strong interpersonal relationship with clients and their families.
A young mother asks the nurse in a pediatric office for information about safety, diet, and immunizations for her baby. Which nursing diagnosis would be appropriate for this client?
A) Knowledge Deficit: Infant care
B) Impaired Health Maintenance
C) Readiness for Enhanced Parenting
D) Readiness for Enhanced Coping
C
A client who requests information is demonstrating motivation and readiness to learn. The appropriate nursing diagnosis would be Readiness for Enhanced Parenting.
Developing an education plan is comparable to what other nursing activity?
A) Documenting in the nurse's notes
B) Formulating a nursing care plan
C) Performing a complex technical skill
D) Using a standardized form or format
B
Planning for learning involves the development of an education plan. Both education plans and nursing care plans follow the steps of the nursing process.
A student is developing an education plan for her assigned client. The student wants to educate the client on what symptoms to report after chemotherapy. What would the student need to do first?
A) Ask other students what should be included in content.
B) Ask the client what he or she wants to know.
C) Tell the instructor that this topic hasn't been covered yet.
D) Review information available in writing and on the Internet.
D
New nurses (and students) usually need to research the subject to be taught to determine what information exists on the topic. Books, journals, manuals, and Web-based sources may be used to find information.
A mother of a toddler wants to learn how to do CPR. What education strategy would be most effective in helping her learn?
A) Lecture
B) Discussion
C) Demonstration
D) Discovery
C
When a client wants to learn a specific skill, such as CPR, demonstration is an effective strategy. The client's learning can be evaluated by return demonstration. Lecture, discussion, and discovery are not as effective in teaching a skill.
A nurse instructs a client to tell her about the side effects of a medication. What learning domain is the nurse evaluating?
A) Affective
B) Cognitive
C) Psychomotor
D) Emotional
B
Cognitive learning involves storing and recalling new knowledge in the brain. Cognitive learning may be evaluated through oral questioning.
