Download NUR 209 EXAM #1 | QUESTIONS & 100% CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED) | LATEST UPDATE | GRADE A+ and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
Active Error
➹➹➹ : errors caused by the actions of frontline staff, usually with immediate result
Latent Error
➹➹➹ : may be due to equipment design issues, faulty maintenance, or poor
organizational structure Culture of safety
➹➹➹ : where every member of an organization contributes to the safety of its patients
and employees Just culture
➹➹➹ : an approach to error evaluation that examines the nature of the error to assist in
determining the appropriate response to the individual who made the error
NUR 209 EXAM #1 | QUESTIONS & 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED) |
LATEST UPDATE | GRADE A+
Near misses
➹➹➹ : events where an error was likely to occur if the situation had not been corrected
2021 Patient Safety Goals (Joint Commission)
➹➹➹ : Identify patients correctly
Improve staff communication Use medicines safely Use alarms safely Prevent infection Identify patient safety risks Prevent mistakes in surgery QSEN competencies
➹➹➹ : Patient-centered care
Teamwork and collaboration Evidence-based practice (EBP) Quality improvement (QI) Safety Informatics Environmental Factors of Safety
➹➹➹ : Pollution
Ex: tubing connections that are not interchangeable between enteral and intravenous connections TeamSTEPPS
➹➹➹ : Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety
Care Bundles
➹➹➹ : combination of patient care elements into "bundles" that are consistently used
as a whole Teaching adults to prevent falls
➹➹➹ : Remove throw rugs
Ensure stairways are well lighted Remove clutter Install handrails Avoid use of unstable ladders Never attempt to do anything beyond reach or physical ability Clean damp areas Asphyxiation
➹➹➹ : suffocation
RACE
➹➹➹ : rescue, alarm, confine, evacuate
PASS
➹➹➹ : Pull the safety pin, aim the nozzle, squeeze the lever, sweep back and forth
Categories of Restraints
➹➹➹ : - Physical: any manual method or physical device that restricts movement or
normal access to one's body Vest, mitt, wrist, or ankle; four side rails up
- Chemical: a medication used to control behavior or restrict a person's freedom of movement that is not a standard of treatment Sedation medication
- Nonviolent/non-self destructive: used when a patient's behavior interferes with treatment Physical or chemical used to prevent pulling out lines or tubes
- Seclusion: involuntary confinement of an individual in a room alone from which the person is prevented from leaving Patient wants to leave hospital without provider's orders 6 components of the chain of infection
Therapeutic regimen Patient resistance Proper hand hygiene is the single most effective method to prevent HAIs. Surgical asepsis
➹➹➹ : ("Sterile Technique"): Measures taken to prevent the introduction or spread of
pathogens from the environment into the patient' to be free of all microorganisms
- Skin preparation
- Surgical hand-washing
- Maintenance of sterile fields
- Use of sterile gloves Factors contributing to poor compliance of hand hygiene
➹➹➹ : - Lack of awareness of patient care activities that require hand hygiene
- Misunderstanding that wearing gloves and gowns can substitute for hand hygiene
- Understaffing and high workloads leading to perceived time constraints
- Inaccessibility of sinks or dispensers for soap or alcohol-based cleanser
- Skin irritation and dryness Disinfection
➹➹➹ : The process of destroying pathogens
Sterilization
➹➹➹ : The process of destroying all microbes
Standard precautions
➹➹➹ : used for all patients to protect against known and unknown infectious
organisms transmitted by blood and body fluids Transmission-based precautions
➹➹➹ : used for patients with known or suspected infection or colonization with highly
transmissible or epidemiologically significant pathogens Airborne precautions
➹➹➹ : Precautions: Private AIIR respirator; mask worn by patient during transport out
of room Indications: transmission via airborne route; tuberculosis, measles, varicella Droplet precautions
➹➹➹ : Precautions: private room or cohabitation with the patient infected with the
same organism; mask required when working within 3 feet of patient; mask worn by patient during transport Indication: transmission of large droplets through sneezing, coughing or talking;
'I PASS THE BATON'
➹➹➹ : Comprehensive handoff report
- I NTRODUCTION
- P ATIENT
- A SSESSMENT
- S ITUATION
- S AFETY CONCERNS
- B ACKGROUND
- A CTIONS
- T IMING
- O WNERSHIP
- N EXT
Sentinel Events
➹➹➹ : unanticipated event in a healthcare setting resulting in death or serious physical
or psychological injury to a patient or patients, not related to the natural course of the patient's illness Purposes of the Health Record
➹➹➹ : - Assessment
- Legal Document
- Quality Assurance (audits)
- Reimbursement
- Research
- Education Principles of Documentation
➹➹➹ : CONFIDENTIAL
ACCURATE (erasure is not permissible) CONCISE AND COMPLETE OBJECTIVES ORGANIZED AND TIMELY (chronologically) Patient Care Summary (Kardex)
➹➹➹ : - Document that provides current patient information
- Not a permanent part of patient's record
- Entries are made in pencil so they can be erased if updating is needed Charting by Exception (CBE)
➹➹➹ : - Permits the nurse to document only those findings that fall outside the
standard of care and norms that have been defined
- "If it wasn't documented, it wasn't done"
- System is broader in its view because a focus can be a problem area but does not need to be
- An entry can be made on a significant event, positive growth, or learning that occurs during a teaching session
- Patient documentation can focus on the patient's strengths as well as problems Plan of Care
➹➹➹ : goals, interventions, desired outcomes, and criteria for discharge
Clinical Pathways
➹➹➹ : case management tools used to communicate the standardized,
interdisciplinary plan of care for a particular group of patients; care guidelines and outcomes are specified for each day of the patient's stay Incident Report
➹➹➹ : Includes date and time of incident, events leading up to it, patient's response,
and a full nursing assessment Not attached to patient's chart Outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS)
➹➹➹ : A prospective nursing assessment instrument completed by home health
agencies at the time the patient is entered for home health services. Scoring determines the Home Health Resource Group (HHRG) Resident Assessment Instrument (RAI)
➹➹➹ : Governs documentation in long-term care settings
Tracks goal achievement among long-term care residents and includes minimum data set, triggers, resident assessment protocols, and utilization guidelines batch charting
➹➹➹ : waiting until end of shift or until all patients have been assessed to document
findings from all of them (SHOULD BE AVOIDED) Orientation Phase
➹➹➹ : introductions and an agreement made between nurse and patient about their
mutual roles and responsibilities Working Phase
➹➹➹ : exploring and developing solutions that are enacted and evaluated in
subsequent interactions Termination Phase
➹➹➹ : When the nurse feels essential to the patient's welfare; feels that he or she has
exceptional abilities to help the patient (non-therapeutic) False Reassurance
➹➹➹ : Giving reassurance that is not based on the real situation; "Don't worry
everything will be fine"
- Violates patient's trust (non-therapeutic) Non-Therapeutic Responses
➹➹➹ : rescue feelings, false reassurance, giving advice, changing the subject, being
moralistic, non-professional involvement Structures of the musculoskeletal system
➹➹➹ : bones, joints, muscles
Adduction
➹➹➹ : Movement toward the midline of the body
Abduction
➹➹➹ : Movement away from the midline of the body
Flexion
➹➹➹ : bending a joint; reducing the angle between two bones
Extension
➹➹➹ : Straightening of a joint
Hyperextension
➹➹➹ : extension beyond anatomical position
Supination
➹➹➹ : movement that turns the palm up
Pronation
➹➹➹ : movement that turns the palm down
Principles of body mechanics
➹➹➹ : - Assess the situation carefully before acting
- Use the large muscle groups of the legs
- Work at the appropriate height for body position
- Use mechanical lifts or assistance when possible
➹➹➹ : loss of bone density
Kyphosis
➹➹➹ : excessive outward curvature of the spine, causing hunching of the back.
Factors Affecting Mobility
➹➹➹ : - alterations in muscles
- injury to the musculoskeletal system
- poor posture
- impaired central nervous system
- health status and age Paraplegia
➹➹➹ : decreased motor and sensory function to the legs
Hemiplegia
➹➹➹ : paralysis of one side of the body
Tetraplegia
➹➹➹ : paralysis of the arms and legs and all muscle movement below the level of
injury
Ataxia
➹➹➹ : lack of muscle coordination
Athetosis
➹➹➹ : bizarre, slow, twisting, writhing movement, resembling a snake or worm
Contracture
➹➹➹ : progressive shortening of a muscle and loss of joint mobility resulting from
fibrotic changes in tissues surrounding the joint Osteoarthritis
➹➹➹ : degeneration of the articular surface of weight-bearing joints
Impact of Immobility of Physiologic Function
➹➹➹ : - Muscle atrophy and weakness
- Contractures and joint pain
- Increased cardiac workload
- Orthostatic hypotension
- Thrombus formation and embolism
- Decreased lung expansion
- Decreased metabolic rate
