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Pharmacology Exam 1 Questions and Answers, Exams of Nursing

A list of questions and answers related to pharmacology, specifically for the first exam. The questions cover topics such as lithium, chlorpromazine, methylphenidate, haloperidol, bipolar disorder, Parkinson's disease, and seizures. The answers provide information on nursing interventions, adverse effects, drug interactions, and patient teaching. useful for students studying pharmacology or nursing, as well as healthcare professionals who need to refresh their knowledge on these topics.

Typology: Exams

2022/2023

Available from 11/20/2023

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NUR 2407 PHARMACOLOGY -PHARM EXAM 1 QUESTION
AND ANSWERS 2023
Pharm Exam 1 Questions
What nursing intervention is appropriate for a 70-year-old female patient receiving lithium?
-Monitor Fluid and Sodium Intake
A nurse is caring fora patient who is taking lithium for mania. The nurse’s assessment includes a
notation of a lithium serum level of 2.4 mEq/L. The nurse anticipates seeing what?
-clonic movements
•serum levels of 2-2.5 mEq/L may produce ataxia, clonic movements, possible seizures and
hypotension*
The nurse administers chlorpromazine intramuscularly to the preoperative patient who is extremely
anxious about surgery in the morning. What priority teaching point will the nurse provide this
patient?
-remain recumbent for at least 30 minutes after the injection
*decreases the risk of injury if orthostatic hypotension occurs.
The nurse is presenting an in-service at a children’s unit on hyperactivity. The nurse is told that a 6-
year-old on the unit is being treated with methylphenidate (Ritalin), an amphetamine. The presenting
nurse talks about discharge teaching for this patient and the importance of monitoring what?
-weight and complete blood count
*drug is associated with weight loss, bone marrow suppression, and cardiac
arrhythmias
The nurse is caring for a patient taking an oral neuroleptic medication, haloperidol. What is the
nurse’s priority assessment to monitor for?
-Tardive dyskinesia
*such a common adverse effect with continued use of the drug
A psychotic patient is admitted through the ED. The physician has ordered chlorpromazine
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NUR 2407 PHARMACOLOGY -PHARM EXAM 1 QUESTION

AND ANSWERS 2023

Pharm Exam 1 Questions What nursing intervention is appropriate for a 70-year-old female patient receiving lithium?

  • Monitor Fluid and Sodium Intake A nurse is caring fora patient who is taking lithium for mania. The nurse’s assessment includes a notation of a lithium serum level of 2.4 mEq/L. The nurse anticipates seeing what?
  • clonic movements •serum levels of 2-2.5 mEq/L may produce ataxia, clonic movements, possible seizures and hypotension* The nurse administers chlorpromazine intramuscularly to the preoperative patient who is extremely anxious about surgery in the morning. What priority teaching point will the nurse provide this patient?
  • *remain recumbent for at least 30 minutes after the injection decreases the risk of injury if orthostatic hypotension occurs. The nurse is presenting an in-service at a children’s unit on hyperactivity. The nurse is told that a 6- year-old on the unit is being treated with methylphenidate (Ritalin), an amphetamine. The presenting nurse talks about discharge teaching for this patient and the importance of monitoring what?
  • *weight and complete blood count drug is associated with weight loss, bone marrow suppression, and cardiac arrhythmias The nurse is caring for a patient taking an oral neuroleptic medication, haloperidol. What is the nurse’s priority assessment to monitor for?
  • *Tardive dyskinesia such a common adverse effect with continued use of the drug A psychotic patient is admitted through the ED. The physician has ordered chlorpromazine

(Thorazine) 25 mg intramuscularly. After administration of the medication, what is the nurse priority to evaluate?

  • a decrease in psychotic symptoms (purpose of administering the drug) A patient diagnosed with bipolar disorder is to be discharged home in 48 hours. The nurse has complete patient teaching regarding the use of lithium. What statement by the patient indicates an understanding of their responsibility?
  • *i will increase my fluid intake to maintain a therapeutic level, patient must increase fluids. decrease can lead to toxicity A patient has just been prescribed a phenothiazine. During patient teaching about this drug, what would be important for the nurse to tell the patient?
  • The urine can turn pink or reddish A patient on chlorpromazine is feeling better and decides they no longer need their medication. the nurse teaches the patient that abrupt withdrawal of a typical antipsychotic medication can result in what
  • *insomnia sudden withdrawal can cause cholinergic effects

A patient with Parkinsonism has been told that the levodopa prescribed is no longer controlling the disease. What drug would the nurse question if ordered as adjunctive therapy?

  • Vitamin B *decreases therapeutic effects and is contraindicated The nurse provides patient teaching about use of levodopa for treatment of Parkinson’s disease. What statement by the patient would indicate a good understanding of levodopa?
  • I should take this drug with meal to avoid GI upset A patient is newly diagnosed with parkinsonism. Parkinsonism, which may occur in association with long-term use of antipsychotics, can be treated with what drug type?
  • Anticholinergic Agents The nurse is presenting an educational event to a local community group on Parkinson’s disease. What will the nurse tell the attendees causes the classic Parkinson’s disease symptoms?
  • degeneration of dopamine-producing nerve cells When providing patient teaching for older adults, the nurse employs what priority strategy to improve patient understanding?
  • *extensive written teaching can improve effectiveness of teaching, The nurse often gives another drug with levodopa (L-dopa) to decrease the amount of levodopa needed to reach a therapeutic level in the brain, thereby reducing adverse effects? What is the name of this drug?
  • Carbidopa

When the nurse develops a plan of care for a patient newly diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease, the nurse includes what appropriate goal for this patient?

  • Symptom improvement as demonstrated by ability to ambulate the length of the hall within 24 hours of starting medication The nurse is teaching a group of student nurses about Parkinson’s disease. The nurse would determine teaching was successful if the students identified what neurotransmitters as imbalanced in Parkinson’s disease?
  • *dopamine and acetylcholine important in regulating, posture, muscle tone and voluntary movement The pharmacology instructor is discussing drugs used for the treatment of partial seizures. What accurately describes the physiological action of carbamazepine?
  • Increases GABA activity and blocks sodium and calcium channels to stop action potentials The nurse evaluates the patient’s serum phenytoin (Dilantin) level and determines the level is therapeutic when it is within what range?
  • between 10-20 mcg/mL A nurse is teaching a patient about his or her newly prescribed drug, phenytoin (Dilantin) for a seizure disorder. What will the nurse alert the patient to as a serious adverse effect of this drug?
  • *Rash serious liver, bone marrow and potentially serious dermatological adverse effects can occur

What factors contribute to determining the drug of choice for a patient with epilepsy? (Select all that apply.)

  • Age Type of Epilepsy Patient characteristics A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a patient who will be going home on cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril) prescribed for his acute musculoskeletal pain. The nurse will stress that the patient should avoid what?
  • *drinking alcohol can increase in CNS depression. Combination should be avoided due to possible injury or severe body system depression that could lead to coma or death A 20-year-old female patient has been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. What drug will most likely be prescribed?
  • Baclofen (Lioresal) Baclofen is a prototype drug for the centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants. What adverse effects do drugs in this class have? (Select all that apply.)
  • hypotension urinary frequency dizziness What is the physiological action of tricyclic antidepressant (TCAs)?
  • *Inhibiting reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin cause an accumulation of neurotransmitters that is thought to create the antidepressant effect

A patient comes to the mental health clinic for a regular appointment. The patient tells the nurse he has been taking oral fluoxetine (Prozac) 20 mg daily for the past 3 weeks and that he has lost 3 pounds during that time due to a loss of appetite. What action should the nurse take?

  • reassuring the patient that a decrease in weight is common adverse effect with this medication