Docsity
Docsity

Prepare for your exams
Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity


Earn points to download
Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan


Guidelines and tips
Guidelines and tips

NUR 258 (SDSU) FINAL EXAM 2025/2026 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+, Exams of Nursing

NUR 258 (SDSU) FINAL EXAM 2025/2026 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ Direct vs. Indirect Percussion? Direct - Tapping against body surface - sinuses Indirect - Using a finger to tap another finger - listen to sounds for organ shape or fluid Bell vs. Diaphragm? Bell: Low-Pitched Sounds (hold lightly) Diaphragm: High-Pitched Sounds (hold firmly) When to do VS more frequently? Critical Situation After Surgery During Blood Transfusions

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 06/19/2025

LennieDavis
LennieDavis 🇺🇸

793 documents

1 / 50

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
NUR 258 (SDSU) FINAL EXAM 2025/2026
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
Direct vs. Indirect Percussion?
Direct - Tapping against body surface - sinuses
Indirect - Using a finger to tap another finger - listen to sounds for organ shape or
fluid
Bell vs. Diaphragm?
Bell: Low-Pitched Sounds (hold lightly)
Diaphragm: High-Pitched Sounds (hold firmly)
When to do VS more frequently?
Critical Situation
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd
pfe
pff
pf12
pf13
pf14
pf15
pf16
pf17
pf18
pf19
pf1a
pf1b
pf1c
pf1d
pf1e
pf1f
pf20
pf21
pf22
pf23
pf24
pf25
pf26
pf27
pf28
pf29
pf2a
pf2b
pf2c
pf2d
pf2e
pf2f
pf30
pf31
pf32

Partial preview of the text

Download NUR 258 (SDSU) FINAL EXAM 2025/2026 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

NUR 258 (SDSU) FINAL EXAM 202 5/

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+

Direct vs. Indirect Percussion?

Direct - Tapping against body surface - sinuses

Indirect - Using a finger to tap another finger - listen to sounds for organ shape or fluid

Bell vs. Diaphragm?

Bell: Low-Pitched Sounds (hold lightly)

Diaphragm: High-Pitched Sounds (hold firmly)

When to do VS more frequently?

Critical Situation

After Surgery

During Blood Transfusions

Normal Temperature?

What age is your temp not stable?

What does temp do when age increases?

When is your lowest temp?

96.4-99.1 (98.6)

-Newborn to adolescent is unstable

-Temp decreases as age increases

-Lowest temp from 1-4 am

Describe the types of temperature routes?

-Rectal

-Tympanic

-Axillary

-Core temperature, last resort, no rectal problems

-Good for children, question regarding accuracy

-Not accurate, must be help deep and tight to body

0=absent

2+=normal

3+ or 4+ = bounding

Influencing Factors of Respirations?

Stress and Exercise

Medications

Pain

Anxiety

What to know about respirations with pediatrics?

Count for full minute

10-15 s apnea

Sleeping is most accurate

Abdomen Movement when breathing

Normal ranges for respiration for adult and infant?

What is blood pressure?

What is systolic and diastolic?

Force the blood exerts against vessel walls

Systolic is top number

Diastolic is bottom number

Factors influencing blood pressure?

Blood flow

Medications

Normal Fluctuations

When do you not measure BP on an arm?

IV arm, dialysis access, mastectomy, arm or chest injury

Reduce Impact, Treat Infection and Education

Minimize impact of infection

INFECTION CONTROL

Stages of Infection?

Incubation: Entrance to 1st symptoms

Prodromal: Nonspecific symptoms to more specific (capable of transmitting)

Illness: Specific Symptoms Evident

Convalescence: Acute Symptoms Disappear

INFECTION CONTROL

Modes of Infection:

Droplet:

Airborne:

Vehicle:

Vector:

Droplet nuclei >5 microns (meningitis)

Droplet nuclei <5 microns; suspended >3 feet (Influenza, TB)

Contact or ingestion of contaminated items (Blood-Hepatitis)

Mechanical transfer (mosquito-west nile) (ticks-lyme)

INFECTION CONTROL

What to wear for contact precautions?

Gloves, Masks, Gowns, Goggles

AD

GENERAL SURVEY AND HEALTH HISTORY

How many chronic illnesses do normal adults have?

3

GENERAL SURVEY AND HEALTH HISTORY

What is medication reconciliation?

Process of comparing the patients meds listed in the patients record with the meds that the patient is currently taking

GENERAL SURVEY AND HEALTH HISTORY

What is CAGE for alcohol?

Cut down

Annoyed you

Pneumonia, Asthma, Emphysema, Pleural Effusion

RESPIRATORY ASSESSMENT

LUNG SOUNDS

What are absent lung sounds?

What is it caused from?

Do not hear any movement

Fluid in intrapleural space (pleural effusion), Lung collapse (pneumothorax)

RESPIRATORY ASSESSMENT

LUNG SOUNDS

What are crackles (rales) lung sounds?

What is it caused from?

Fluid in smaller airways, does not clear with coughing

Congestive Heart Failure, COPD, Pneumonia

RESPIRATORY ASSESSMENT

LUNG SOUNDS

What are wheezes lung sounds?

What are they caused from?

Whistling or sighing sound, inflammation in airway

Asthma, COPD, Croup, RSV, Allergic Reaction

RESPIRATORY ASSESSMENT

LUNG SOUNDS

What are stridor lung sounds?

What are they caused from?

Medical Emergency, high-pitched brassy, heard on inspiration

More pronounced in children (Croup, Obstruction)

AD

RESPIRATORY ASSESSMENT

LUNG SOUNDS

What are rhonchi lung sounds?

What are they caused from?

Coarse rumbling/rattling

Mucus in upper airway

RESPIRATORY ASSESSMENT

High concentration (10-15L) (Reservoir: Inflate bag 1st to 2/3 and then should deflate 1/3 with each breath)

Used for infants

Infants or peds or confused patients

RESPIRATORY ASSESSMENT

Cough and Deep Breath

Incentive Spirometry

2-3 deep coughs every 2-3 hours

5-10 times every 1-2 hours

ASSESSMENT OF SKIN, HAIR, and NAILS

Skin color types?

Pale:

Cyanotic:

Erythema:

Jaundice:

Mottling:

Lips, mucous membranes, inner eyelids

Purple, blue hue, ashen (lips and nailbeds)

Warm redness due to infection

Yellowing (sclera: yellow to iris) (Hard palate)

Blotchy/marbling of skin (yellow/purple) (death)

ASSESSMENT OF SKIN, HAIR, and NAILS

What are Beau's Lines?

Injury occurred at nail line under cuticle

ASSESSMENT OF SKIN, HAIR, and NAILS

What are Splinter Hemorrhages?

Tiny blood spots under nail

ASSESSMENT OF SKIN, HAIR, and NAILS

Skin lesions?

Macule:

Urticaria:

Papule:

Nodule:

Vesicle:

Cyst:

Flat

ASSESSMENT OF SKIN, HAIR, and NAILS

Where to do skin turgor?

Normally:

Elderly:

Infants:

Dorsal side of arm or anterior chest

Anterior Chest

Abdomen

AD

ASSESSMENT OF SKIN, HAIR, and NAILS

Acute vs chronic wound?

<12 weeks for acute

12 weeks for chronic

ASSESSMENT OF SKIN, HAIR, and NAILS

How to measure a wound?

Length (12:00-6:00) Width (9:00-3:00) Depth (Q Tip)

ASSESSMENT OF SKIN, HAIR, and NAILS

Wound colors?

Red:

Pale Pink:

Purple:

Black or Brown:

White:

Infection

Anemia

Bruise

Bruise, gangrene: dead skin

After Band-Aid

ASSESSMENT OF SKIN, HAIR, and NAILS

Wound drainage?

Serous:

Sanguineous:

Serosanguineous:

Purulent:

Clear

Bruise: Different healing stages

ASSESSMENT OF SKIN, HAIR, and NAILS

What is gangrene?

Loss of perfusion and has an odor

CARDIOVASCULAR ASSESSMENT

Cardiac Risk Factors?

Smoking and vaping, sedentary lifestyle, obesity, high stress, sodium, cholesterol, high fat diet, uncontrolled diabetes or Htn

CARDIOVASCULAR ASSESSMENT

What is a bruit?

Turbulent blood flow - narrowing of an artery

(use bell to hear)

CARDIOVASCULAR ASSESSMENT

What does S1 and S2 mean?

S1 coincides with carotid pulse

S2 is closure of semilunar valves

AD

CARDIOVASCULAR ASSESSMENT

HEART SOUNDS

Split S

Common in children and adolescents (aortic and pulmonic closing separate)

CARDIOVASCULAR ASSESSMENT

HEART SOUNDS

Click

Artificial valve (pig bones or metal) (mitral valve prolapse)

CARDIOVASCULAR ASSESSMENT

HEART SOUNDS

S3 (gallop)

Extra sound - extra fluid

CHF (know this, it was on a previous exam)