Download NUR 426 Exam 4: Questions & Answers:NUR 426 Exam 4 Study Guide: Updated A+ Guide Solution and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
NUR 426 Exam 4: Questions & Answers
The PHN understands that the toxicity of chemicals in children is more severe than that in older populations because of which of the following reasons? (Select all that apply.)
Children play in outdoor soil, which can be contaminated.
Children may ingest substances from unlabeled, repurposed food containers.
Children have faster rates of absorption of toxic substances.
In urban settings, children may not have adequate places to play.
Children have less developed immune systems. (Ans- 1,2,3,4, To aid a lower income family who is struggling with a pest problem in their home, a PHN recommends a program known as integrated pest management, which offers methods to deter pests. Some of these methods include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
Caulking and sealing cracks and holes in the home
Eating in one place
Getting rid of clutter
Storing food in sealed containers
Making sure the family is vaccinated (Ans- 1,2,3,
The public health nursing student learns that the need for environmental justice extends to disadvantaged populations, who, as a result of low income, age, health status, race, or other social indices of susceptibility, are at greatest risk of exposure to environmental hazards because of which of the following problems? (Select all that apply.)
Substandard housing
Lack of access to health care
Lack of nutritious food
Lack of safe places to play
Employment in risky jobs (Ans- 1,2,3,4, A nurse is starting a new job as an occupational and environmental health nurse (OEHN) for a large corporation. The nurse wants to ensure that the company's health and safety practices align with nursing standards of practice in this specialty area. What organization should the nurse check with to determine nursing standards?
ABOHN
AAOHN
NIOSH
OSHA (Ans- AAOHN An occupational nurse is starting a new position with a company with 35 employees. The nurse asks to see the OSHA 300 form but is told that the company is not required to use that form. How does the nurse reply?
Quaternary prevention. (Ans- Primary prevention. A nurse is preparing a lecture about caring for the needs of the American workforce. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
The American workforce is becoming more knowledge based.
Most Americans are employed at their first job at 18 years of age.
The predominant health issue affecting the workforce is diseases associated with a sedentary lifestyle.
The American workplace is becoming more diverse. (Ans- Most Americans are employed at their first job at 18 years of age. A public health nurse (PHN) is volunteering at a clinic that provides care to migrant workers who work in the fields in their community. In addition to routine health assessments, what work-related potential health issue would be important for the nurse to include as part of her routine screening?
Hearing loss
Skin cancer
Diabetes
Heart failure (Ans- Skin cancer
A worker has been exposed to a chemical that he is not used to working with. How should the OEHN proceed with treatment?
Quickly use water to rinse the chemical off and perform an assessment of the exposed skin.
Consult the material safety data sheet (MSDS) for more information on how to treat the exposure.
Call an ambulance and have a coworker bring a sample of the chemical with the victim to the hospital.
Encourage self-care and have the worker come back if he experiences any other symptoms. (Ans- Consult the material safety data sheet (MSDS) for more information on how to treat the exposure. A PHN is working as an occupational nurse for a mining company. Which of the following is an example of a secondary prevention policy that the nurses can implement to address the high risk of pulmonary disorders found in miners?
Respirator use for everyone working in the mine
Routine lung cancer and pulmonary disease screening
Job transfers for workers with pulmonary changes from the mine to an administrative position
Installation of a high-powered air filtration system in the mine (Ans- Routine lung cancer and pulmonary disease screening
A nurse is preparing to perform physical exams for a group of new employees. What information is the most crucial to the proper evaluation of the new employees' health?
Medical records
Job description
Latest blood test results
Vaccination records (Ans- Job description When providing care within the context of primary health care, the most important person is/are: (Ans- The individual/ Family A nurse is looking to reduce the number of adolescents in her community that are using tobacco. The nurse implements a community-wide program to raise awareness about the dangers of nicotine use and creates a support group specifically aimed at teens looking to quit smoking. This is an example of:
Health protection.
Health promotion.
Risk reduction.
Tertiary prevention. (Ans- Health Promotion The nurse at a community-based primary care organization is educating newly hired nurses about the process used at the clinic for developing public health programs aimed at benefiting community members whether they attend the clinic or not. The nurse explains that even though the
primary care offered at the clinic focuses on caring for an individual, the health promotion activities that they are developing for the community are focused on:
The family.
The health-care provider.
The health-care organization.
The population. (Ans- The population A young woman presents to her primary care provider. Her mother has just been diagnosed with Huntington's disease, and several other members of her family have been diagnosed with the condition as well. She wants to know her options regarding testing to see if she is a genetic carrier. From an ethical perspective, what issue would be most important to discuss with the patient?
The cost of Huntington's disease screening
Whether the test is available at the local lab
What will happen when her insurance finds out the results
The fact that there is no known treatment that can alter the progression of the disease (Ans- The fact there is no known treatment that can alter the progression of the disease.
The public health department (PHD) is concerned about an outbreak of measles that has occurred in a country adjacent to theirs. Although there are currently no reported cases, as one of their actions the PHD reaches out to all the primary care providers to encourage all of their unvaccinated patients to get vaccinated and to encourage the parents of unvaccinated children to get their vaccinations up to date. Such a public health initiative is an example of:
A secondary prevention approach related to screening.
A primary prevention approach focused on health protection.
A primary prevention approach focused on health promotion.
A primary prevention approach focused on screening. (Ans- Primary prevention approach focused on health protection. A nurse working in an inner-city community health clinic is concerned that her patient education efforts related to achieving a healthy lifestyle are not resulting in any substantial changes in her patients. When she discussed this with one mother whose children are struggling with obesity, the mother explained that she is unable to find fresh fruits and vegetables in their neighborhood and resorts to the use of fast food. This information makes the nurse wonder if this is true for other families. What should she do next?
Ask families she sees to keep a food journal to see what food substitutions could be made.
Perform a problem- or health-issue-based assessment beginning with an assessment of sources of healthy foods such as supermarkets and farmers markets available in the community.
Arrange for free bussing from the community center to the closest supermarket.
Refer them to the local supplemental nutri (Ans- Perform a problem or health issue based assessment beginning with an assessment of sources of healthy foods such as supermarkets and farmers markets available in the community. A new strain of flu has emerged, and the CDC has released a new vaccine that is for use in high-risk populations. which population is most apt to be high-risk?
Pregnant women
Older adults
Children
All of the above (Ans- Pregnant women, older adults, and children A nurse has worked at a community health center for many years. Over the last several months, the nurse has noticed a significant decline in community members using the resources available at the clinic. What is the first thing the nurse should do?
Begin offering day care services and free transportation to the clinic to make it more convenient.
Reach out to former patients to determine why they are no longer returning to the clinic.
Perform a community assessment.
Begin offering a new patient reduced fee rate. (Ans- Reach out to former patients to determine why they are no longer returning to the clinic.
Begin offering vaccinations free of charge. (Ans- Perform a health and cultural evaluation of her community. A primary care nurse works at the Native American Health Center, a nonprofit organization serving the California Bay Area Native Population. The center has asked her to put together a comprehensive prevention plan related to type 2 diabetes. Which of the following interventions is an example of primary intervention?
Regular foot and eye care
Encouraging a healthy diet and weight loss if appropriate
Tight blood sugar control with every meal
Screening blood glucose yearly (Ans- Encouraging a health diet and weight loss if appropriate. In response to the increase in opioid overdoses within their community, a primary care clinic could implement which of the following with patients who are experiencing chronic pain?
Screen appropriately.
Prescribe appropriately.
Use a statewide automated reporting system.
Help patients recognize potential problems.
All of the above. (Ans- Screen appropriately, prescribe appropriately, use a statewide automated reporting system, and help patients recognize potential problems.
A primary care nurse is volunteering at lead screening clinic for children living in an inner city community. After performing the screening tests, what is the most important thing for the nurse to do for the children with a positive screen?
Conduct a home visit.
Refer them to a pediatric specialist for further screening and possible treatment.
Offer parents educational materials related to reducing lead exposure in children.
Conduct a community-wide environmental assessment to determine the source of the lead exposure. (Ans- Refer them to a pediatric specialist for further screening and possible treatment. A nurse is working in a primary health care setting that has had a recent influx of persons immigrating from a West African country. She wants to incorporate cultural components to the care of patients from this country. What are possible aspects of the culture that she should learn more about?
Kinship
Source of income
Gender roles
Value of children (Ans- Kinship, Gender roles, Value of Children A primary care clinic has decided to hire a nurse to serve as the clinics case manager. The essence of case management is the incorporation for the client, the family, and the community into meeting the needs of the patient. Based on current evidence related to this approach, it is primarily hoped that this will lead to:
Integrated care
Use of highly specialized PCMH physicians
Increased access to care
Access to private insurance, meaning the patient can move away from Medicaid (Ans- Care focusing on the whole individual, Intergrated care, and increase access to care. A public health nurse (PHN) has been tasked with addressing the rise in teen pregnancies in her communities. She wishes to create linkages among agencies that provide care to teens and/or obstetrical care generally. Which would be her first step based on the six-step guide created by The Center on Education and Training for Employment at The Ohio State University?
State the key challenges, articulate why they are better addressed by multiple agencies, and name potential key players.
Create a harmonious planning environment among agencies.
Assess the need to work in partnership with other agencies.
Make sure the members of the partnership are equally representative of the community-at-large in terms of culture, race, and perspective. (Ans- Assess the need to work in partnership with other agencies. A nurse is moving to a rural area and beginning work at a health clinic there. The nurse is performing a basic community assessment to prepare for working with this new community. The nurse knows that which of the following is not characteristic of the needs of the rural population?
More likely to smoke tobacco and drink alcohol
Have less education and higher rate of poverty
More likely to have increased dental problems
More likely to have a higher life expectancy (Ans- More likely to have a higher life expectancy A nurse is reviewing top 10 priorities from Rural Healthy People 2020 National Survey. Which of the following is not one of the top 10 priorities?
Access to quality health services
Diabetes
Mental health and mental disorders
Cancer (Ans- cancer A nurse has been volunteering at a free clinic located at a community center in a rural area twice a month for several years. Over the last few months, the nurse has noticed that the patient load has increased substantially as the population of this community has aged. It is not feasible for the nurse to spend more time at this center. What might be the most feasible action she could take to continue to serve the needs of the community?
Try to hire a nurse to work at the free clinic.
Set up a telehealth arrangement so the nurse can answer simple questions from home or while on the road.
Set up a scheduling and triage system so the nurse only sees the neediest patients.
increase in the incidence rate of STIs in the young women being seen at the clinic and wonders if this is a community-wide problem. Which of the following techniques would be a helpful first step in answering her question?
Develop collaborative relationships with other health-care providers in the area concerned with STIs.
Perform a comprehensive community assessment.
Interview several key stakeholders in the community.
Create a federally qualified health center (FQHC). (Ans- Develop collaborative relationships with other health-care providers in the area concerned with STIs. A nurse is working on his or her first community-based participatory research (CBPR) study. An essential factor specific to CBPR research that the nurse should be careful to address is:
The ethical protection of human participants.
Making sure that community members aren't directly involved in the research.
Ensuring there is a benefit to the community related to the study.
Choosing a topic that is neutral to the community. (Ans- Ensuring there is a benefit to the community related to the study. A nurse is considering entering the specialty of parish nursing. Nurses working in this field perform which of the following activities specific to that of a parish nurse?
Advocating for individuals within the parish.
Improving spiritual health through practices such as grief counseling.
Providing health education.
Performing health screenings of parish members as needed. (Ans- Improving spiritual health through practices such as grief counseling. A young college student in a rural community has called the health department to get a recommendation for a health center where she could be seen for a chronic health problem. She is uninsured and can't afford the private clinic in town. The PHN recommends that the student:
Visit the local health department for management and treatment of her care.
Proceed to the local emergency department.
Visit the community health center run by an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN).
None of the above. (Ans- Visit the community health center run by an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN). A nursing professor is looking to give students clinical experience in relation to health program planning with a focus on implementation. The professor proposes which of the following projects to the curriculum committee?
A community assessment of three different neighborhoods
A mock community assessment and health policy development for a hypothetical community
