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This study guide provides a comprehensive overview of key concepts and questions for nurs-201 fundamentals of nursing exam 1. It covers essential topics such as the nursing process, maslow's hierarchy of needs, critical thinking, nursing diagnosis, goal setting, infection control, respiratory system, and oxygenation. The guide includes definitions, explanations, and multiple-choice questions to help students prepare for the exam.
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What are the 5 steps of the Nursing Process? A-D-PIE
What are the components of a goal?
latent infection 3 multiple choice options an infection acquired within a healthcare setting during the delivery of medical care
2 multiple choice options Biochemical processes activated by chemicals released by pathogens
pulmonary ventilation inhalation and exhalation expansion > negative pressure > draws air in through nose or mouth inhalation 3 multiple choice options relaxation of muscles > pressure change > air flows out (no energy/effort) exhalation 3 multiple choice options moving air in and out of the lungs through breathing pulmonary ventilation 3 multiple choice options
oxygenation of blood and elimination of carbon dioxide respiration 3 multiple choice options O2 is picked up by blood from aveoli and CO2 is dropped to be exhaled (LUNGS) external respiration 3 multiple choice options O2 being dropped off by the blood to tissue, and blood is picking up CO2 (REST OF THE BODY) internal respiration 3 multiple choice options Placed through mouth, keeps tongue out of the way (unconscious or highly sedated) Oropharyngeal airway
Normal breathing (12-20 respirations) Eupnea 3 multiple choice options Less breathing (<12 respirations) Bradypnea 3 multiple choice options More breathing (>20 respirations) Tachypnea 3 multiple choice options decreased rate and/or shallow breathing (less air in and out) Hypoventalation 3 multiple choice options
increased rate and/or deep breathing (a lot of air in and out = +++CO2 out) Hyperventalation 3 multiple choice options shortness of breath Dyspnea 3 multiple choice options collapse of part of the lung Atelectasis 3 multiple choice options O2 deficiency in blood Hypoxemia 3 multiple choice options
3 multiple choice options What is the maximum amount of time you can suction a tracheostomy at a time? (hypoxia) 15 seconds 3 multiple choice options What is the maximum amount of suction pressure you can use on a trachostomy? 100 - 150 mmHG 3 multiple choice options Noninvasive measure of blood oxygen saturation SA02; % HGBcarrying O2; <90% hypoxemia Pulse oximetry 3 multiple choice options
Palpate Percuss Auscultate
3 multiple choice options breath sounds, heart sounds Auscultate 3 multiple choice options fine or coarse bubbly (doesn't clear) Crackles or rales 3 multiple choice options high-pitched whistling/musical Wheezes 3 multiple choice options coarse, loud rumbling (clears with coughing) Rhonchi
