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NURS 316 - Unit 3 Questions With
Complete Solutions
Thrombocytopenic purpura correct answer: Platelets combine with drugs, forming a complex that is antigenic Antibody and complement destroy platelets Type II cytotoxic reactions Agranulocytosis correct answer: Drug-induced immune destruction of granulocytes hemolytic anemia correct answer: drug-induced immune destruction of RBCs glomerulonephritis correct answer: inflammation damage to the kidney glomeruli due to immune complexes as a result of infection; Type III hypersensitivity reaction Allergic contact dermatitis correct answer: happens combine with protein int eh skin, producing an immune response. Allergic response to poison ivy, cosmetics, metals and latex; Type IV hypersensitivity multiple sclerosis correct answer: T cells and macrophages attach myelin sheath of CNSm right be cause by previous EB infection MS stages correct answer: First - inflammation very mild adn affect the CNS and spinal chord
Second - Extension, consolidation, demyelination and gliosis/fibrosis MS clinical manifestations correct answer: Paresthesia Lhermitte sign Fatigue paresthesia correct answer: ms clinical manifestation that results in evidence of numbness or pressure not eh face or involved extremities Lhermitte's sign correct answer: ms clinical manifestation, electric sudden shock in your neck, very characteristic Relapsing-remitting MS correct answer: majority of patients, symptoms occur and then there is remission and then they relapse, and this repeats Secondary Progressive MS correct answer: relapsing and remission occurs but the symptoms stay the same and remission period s shorten and symptoms get worse Primary Progressive MS correct answer: present with shorter remission period and then the symptom increase, slow but continuous neurologic deterioration from onset Progressive-relapsing MS correct answer: low occurrence and fatal, no remission period, symptoms continue to increase with superimposed relapses
Graves treatment correct answer: Thioamides (Propylthiouracil and methimazole) interfere with iodine trapping and coupling highly protein bound treatment Myesthenia Gravis correct answer: most patient have thalamus issues generally begins on eye muscles, ptosis then proximal issues, then effect chewing and swallowing muscles adn later respect muscles Myasthenia crisi correct answer: remission and relapses myasthenia gravis treatment correct answer: ach-esterase inhibtor, immunosuppressive thymectomy plasmapheresis IV Ig plasmapheresis correct answer: blood is filtered to remove Ab Neostigmine correct answer: competitive inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase at peripheral neuromuscular junction 4 hours duration of action Pyridostigmine correct answer: competitive inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase at peripheral neuromuscular junction 8 hours duration of action systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) correct answer: immune complexes from in the kidney glomeruli
Type III hypersensitivity B cell overactivity unknown cause damage other areas in the body rheumatoid arthritis correct answer: immune complexes form in the joints leading to chronic inflammation of connective tissue and primarily joints due to activated T cells insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) correct answer: Type IV cell mediated reaction due to T cell destruction of insulin secreting cells of pancreatic beta insulin cells Psoriasis correct answer: chronic skin condition producing red lesions, varying presentations of skin lesions Type IV cell mediated reactions SLE treatment correct answer: analgesics, NSAIDs, corticosteroids, anti-malarials, immunosuppressants SLE diagnosis correct answer: positive ANA (anti-nuclear antigen) test Rituximab (Rituxan) correct answer: monoclonal antibody binds CD20 on B cell surfer and down regulated the BCR inducing apoptosis pannus formation correct answer: rheumatoid arthritis following chronic inflammation
Psoriasis correct answer: T cell reaction to keratinocytes in epidermis resulting in hyperkeratosis with no identified antigen Psoriatic arthritis correct answer: asymmetrical adn any joints can get effected, combined with soft-tissue and peripheral joint disease Psoriatic Arthritis treatment correct answer: NSAIDs, corticosteroids, emollients, keratolutic agens or immunosupressive therapy Interferon alfa-2b (Intron A) correct answer: Immunostimulant - prototype drug used in cancers, HIV viral cocktail, activated antiviral state in cells and macrophages Interferon alfa-2b (Intron A) mechanism correct answer: increases phagocytic activity of macrophages and suppressed growth of cancer cells Calcineurin inhibitors (Cyclosporine, tacrolimus) correct answer: prophylactic cancer treatment suppress lymphocyte activity and inhibit the section of IL Cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune) correct answer: prototype calcineurin immunosuppressant used in psoriasis and SLE result in nephrotoxicity
Methotrexate correct answer: folic acid analog and inhibitors the folic acid reductase interfering with DNA synthesis and repair Prototype Antimetabolite good for labile cells, rapid mitosis Azathioprine correct answer: prevents purine synthesis, cytotoxic agent Basiliximab correct answer: IL-2 receptor antagonist preventing binding of CD25 to the surface of activated T cells Corticosteroids correct answer: choice for short-term anti- inflammatory therapy, can be used as immunosuppressant but has long term adverse effects but can cause osteroperosis, secondary diabetes Alkylating agents MOA correct answer: cell cycle nonspecific drugs and interact covalently with DNA preventing nucleic acid pairings resulting in DNA strand breakage Cyclophosphamide (Procytox) correct answer: activated via CYP 450 enzymes in the liver cells to allow for cancer use and the drugs become water soluble after being activated Antimetabolites correct answer: cell cycle specific S phage drug generally analogues, anti cancer, immunosuppressive Antitumour Antibiotics correct answer: limited use, toxic, similar function to alkylating agents
