






















Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Prepare for your exams
Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points to download
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Community
Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts
Discover the best universities in your country according to Docsity users
Free resources
Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors
NURS 487 Week 11 Final Exam Latest 2025 EXAM WITH ANSWERS (100 QUESTIONS) GRADED A+
Typology: Exams
1 / 30
This page cannot be seen from the preview
Don't miss anything!
What is an indicator/ symptom that shock is progressing? In the early stage of septic shock, the patient has warm and dry skin. Cool and clammy skin would indicate that the shock is progressing. neurogenic shock Circulatory failure caused by paralysis of the nerves that control the size of the blood vessels, leading to widespread dilation; seen in patients with spinal cord injuries. What are the hallmark symptoms of Neurogenic shock? hypotension and bradycardia. What are four of the manifestations of septic shock?
What is one of the hallmark symptoms of ARDS? hypoxemia. What is MODS (multiple organ dysfunction syndrome) progressive dysfunction of two or more organ systems due to pro-inflammatory state such as SIRS or Septic shock What is an indication that a patient may be going from cardiogenic shock into MODS? The elevated serum creatinine level indicates that the client has renal failure as well as heart failure. What are some symptoms of cardiogenic shock? Crackles, chest pressure, and cool extremities are all consistent with cardiogenic shock. What symptoms are suggestive of ARDS? Septicemia and laboured breathing suggest the onset of ARDS What is the purpose of prone positioning? to improve the client's oxygenation as indicated by the PaO2 and SaO2. What is intracellular fluid?
What is the purpose of sodium? 90% of the ECF, works with K+ and Ca++ to conduct nerve impulses and regulate acid-base balance and membrane transport Sodium (cation or anion, ECF or ICF, controlled by what? Roles?)
What happens when a hypotonic solution is administered? When a hypotonic solution is administered, it puts more water in the serum than is found inside cells. As a result, water moves into the cells, causing them to swell. What is a hypotonic solution? (purpose, when is it used, who should you not give it to?)
Back & Gluteal: 18% Groin: 1% Fronts of Arms: 4.5% Backs of Arms: 4.5% Fronts of Legs: 9% Backs of Legs: 9% Hypovolemia in the early stages of burns is related to... increased capillary permeability and evaporative water loss Interpret this ABG result: pH- 7.32, CO2- 37, HCO3- 16 uncompensated metabolic acidosis A chronic lung disease patient has a sudden onset of agitation and confusion, which action would be a priority? assess oxygenation using the pulse ox Sepsis leaves a patient most prone to MODS. True or False? True When a patient is in shock, the nurse knows its impairment in cellular metabolism is caused by... inadequate tissue perfusion
A cardiac monitor shows premature ventricular contraction (PVCs). Which lab value would the nurse relate this to? Serum potassium of 2. What are the different types of distributive shock? Septic shock, anaphylactic shock, neurogenic shock "Third-spacing" refers to when the fluid moves into the extravascular space. True or False? True Neurogenic shock can be caused by any factor that inhibits the... Sympathetic Nervous System What are the types of burn depths? (what degree and what they affect)
Skin: jaundiced Urine output: anuric, requires dialysis Mental status: unconscious Acid-base balance: profound acidosis What is the diagnostic criteria for SIRS? MUST HAVE AT LEAST 2
What is hyperkalemia? (causes, symptoms, ECG changes)
What are the purpose of RBC/ erythrocytes? tissue oxygenation What are the purpose of plasma? blood volume, injury recovery What are the purpose of leukocytes? defense against infection What are the types of leukocytes? Granulocytes: neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils Agranulocytes: lymphocytes, monocytes What is the clotting mechanism/ cascade steps?
What are the manifestations associated with the volume of blood loss for acute blood loss? 500mL= no symptoms, minor syncope 1000mL= tachycardia & hypotension with exercise 1500mL= normal BP and P, postural hypotension 2000mL= decreased BP and CO, air hunger, rapid pulse, cool/ clammy skin 2500mL= shock, lactic acidosis, death What are the two types of immunity? innate (non-specific) and acquired (specific) What are the two types of acquired immunity? active (immunizations, past pathogens) and passive (breastfeeding) What is the antigen-antibody response? occurs when white blood cells/ antibodies recognize a substance as foreign/ antigen and try to destroy it What is the humoral response? (what cells, produces what, protects against?)
What is the cell- mediated response? (what cells, produces what, protects against?)
What is included in the inflammatory response? vascular response, cell response What are the 3 types of inflammation? acute- 2 to 3 weeks subacute- weeks to months chronic- months up to years What are the 3 healing intentions? Primary intention: within the first 4 days, vasodilation occurs Secondary intention: trauma wounds, +++ exudate, the incision is wide and will close by itself Tertiary intention: delayed primary intention, an open wound What are the ways a wound is classified? Causes (surgical/ non-surgical, acute/ chronic), level of contamination, depth of the affected tissue, color What are the types of isolation? (types of PPE) contact, droplet, airborne (gloves, gown, visor, googles, mask) What is neutropenia? (causes, manifestations, diagnostics)