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NURS 5432 UTA FINAL REVIEW EXAM 2025|QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS|A+ GRADED
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Microcytic anemia Characterized by small, pale red blood cells. Hypochromic anemia Anemia with low hemoglobin concentration. Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) Caused by low iron intake or blood loss. Thalassemia Hereditary disorder affecting hemoglobin synthesis. Lead poisoning Toxic accumulation of lead causing anemia.
Hemoglobin (Hgb) Protein in red blood cells carrying oxygen. Hematocrit (Hct) Percentage of blood volume occupied by red cells. Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) Average volume of red blood cells. Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) Average concentration of hemoglobin in red cells. Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (RDW) Measure of variation in red blood cell size.
Ferric carboxymaltose IV iron formulation given over 15 minutes. Lean body weight (LBW) Used to calculate required elemental iron. Desired Hemoglobin (Hgb) Target hemoglobin level in g/dL. Observed Hemoglobin (Hgb) Current hemoglobin level in g/dL. Ferritin level in IDA Low ferritin indicates iron deficiency anemia.
Ferritin level in Thalassemia Normal ferritin despite low hemoglobin levels. Hemoglobin electrophoresis Test to identify types of hemoglobin present. Elevated reticulocyte count Indicates increased red blood cell production. Hgb electrophoresis Test to identify types of hemoglobin. Elevated ferritin Suggests increased iron stores in the body. Elevated total bilirubin Indicates increased breakdown of red blood cells.
Serum iron normal Normal level of iron in the blood. Total iron binding capacity Elevated Increased capacity to bind iron in blood. Total iron binding capacity Normal Normal ability to bind iron in blood. Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration Decreased Lower than normal hemoglobin concentration in cells. Hemoglobin Electrophoresis Normal Normal distribution of hemoglobin types. Hemoglobin Electrophoresis Abnormal in beta-thalassemia Indicates presence of abnormal hemoglobin in beta-thalassemia.
Lead poisoning Chronic disease from toxic lead accumulation. CDC definition of lead poisoning Level >5 mg/dl indicates lead poisoning. Sources of lead exposure Includes paint, soil, gas emissions, and remedies. Burtonian lines Bluish discoloration of gingival border due to lead. Sickle Cell Anemia Anemia caused by abnormal hemoglobin (Hgb S).
Howell-Jolly bodies Nucleated red blood cells in asplenic conditions. fFN testing Screening for preterm labor risk in symptomatic women. Pap smear Cervical cancer screening test for women. American Cancer Society (ACS) guidelines Recommends Pap smears starting at 25 years. Primary HPV testing Preferred method for cervical cancer screening for 5 years.
Co-testing Combination of Pap smear and HPV test for 5 years. Cytology alone Pap smear without HPV testing for 3 years. Hysterectomy testing recommendation Not recommended if no history of cervical cancer. CIN I Mild dysplasia, changes limited to lower third epithelium. CIN II Moderate dysplasia, changes in lower two-thirds epithelium. CIN III Severe dysplasia, changes throughout entire epithelium thickness.
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC) Caused by Candida albicans, presents with curdy discharge. KOH prep Microscopic test for candidiasis, shows pseudohyphae. Non-pharmacologic VVC management Includes good hygiene, cotton underwear, and avoiding scents. Pharmacologic VVC management Includes clotrimazole and miconazole for treatment. Fluconazole dosage 150 mg oral tablet for candidiasis treatment. UTI treatment in pregnancy Check for allergies; avoid cephalosporins with PCN allergy.
Vaginal pH in VVC Typically less than 4.5 in candidiasis. Diagnosis of Trichomonas Nucleic acid amplification test identifies T. vaginalis. Vaginal moisturizer Recommended for atrophic vaginitis management. Vaginal discharge characteristics Thick, white, curdy discharge in candidiasis. Cephalexin Antibiotic for UTI, 250-500mg QID.
Mupirocin Topical treatment for limited impetigo lesions. Retapamulin Topical antibiotic for impetigo, BID application. Cephalexin (Keflex) Used for numerous impetigo lesions, QID. Erythromycin Alternative for PCN allergy, 250mg QID. Topical Corticosteroids Used for various skin conditions, potency varies.
Helicobacter pylori Bacteria linked to peptic ulcers. Duodenal ulcer Most common type of peptic ulcer. Gastric ulcer Ulcer aggravated by food intake. PPI Proton pump inhibitors, first-line for ulcers. Omeprazole PPI, 20mg/day for ulcer treatment. Esomeprazole PPI, 40mg/day for ulcer treatment.
Ranitidine 150 mg BID for treating acid-related conditions. Famotidine 20 mg/day for managing gastric acid secretion. CrCl <50 ml/min Reduce H2 blocker dose by 50%. Quadruple therapy 14 days of PPI, amoxicillin, metronidazole, clarithromycin. Bismuth quadruple therapy Includes PPI, Bismuth, metronidazole, tetracycline. Antibiotic resistance High resistance noted in treating infections.
Sucralfate Reduces absorption of certain antibiotics. Cimetidine Inhibits P450; avoid with certain medications. Omeprazole May prolong elimination of specific drugs. GERD Gastroesophageal reflux disease causing heartburn. Risk factors for GERD Obesity, hiatal hernia, pregnancy, tobacco, alcohol.
