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NURS 5433 Module 7--Valve Disorders Assessment Exam Questions with Answers Rated 100%. What are the most common types of murmurs? - Answers-Aortic and mitral What are the three reasons you would hear a murmur? - Answers-stenosis, regurgitation, anemia Are systolic or diastolic murmurs more common? - Answers-systolic Which types of murmurs are always pathological? - Answers-diastolic Name the systolic murmurs - Answers-Aortic Stenosis, Pulmonic stenosis, tricuspid regurgitation, mitral regurgitation Name the diastolic murmurs - Answers-Aortic regurgitation, pulmonic regurgitation, mitral stenosis, tricuspid stenosis What are the 7 S's of innocent murmurs? - Answers-Soft short systolic
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What are the most common types of murmurs? - Answers-Aortic and mitral What are the three reasons you would hear a murmur? - Answers-stenosis, regurgitation, anemia Are systolic or diastolic murmurs more common? - Answers-systolic Which types of murmurs are always pathological? - Answers-diastolic Name the systolic murmurs - Answers-Aortic Stenosis, Pulmonic stenosis, tricuspid regurgitation, mitral regurgitation Name the diastolic murmurs - Answers-Aortic regurgitation, pulmonic regurgitation, mitral stenosis, tricuspid stenosis What are the 7 S's of innocent murmurs? - Answers-Soft short systolic single without gallops or clicks symptomless standing/sitting changes murmur small area without radiation Name 5 risk factors for a murmur - Answers-Age, pregnancy, anemia, congenital heart disease, HTN What do you assess when listening to a murmur - Answers-- LLTQS
What are non-modifyable risk factors for CAD - Answers-age, fam hx, sex What is the underlying cause of CAD - Answers-atherosclerosis What are two factors that contribute to oxygen demand? - Answers-Heart rate and contractility What are two factors that contribute to oxygen supply? - Answers-myocardial blood flow myocardial perfusion (only happens during diastole) Name 3 things that could cause stable angina - Answers-exercise cold weather excitement CAD What is the main cause of variant angina? - Answers-coronary vasospasm What are the two drug classes to treat variant angina? - Answers-CCBs Nitrates What are 3 AE of nitrates - Answers-- Headache
Can you use a beta blocker to treat variant angina? - Answers-No How do you treat variant angina? - Answers-CCB or long acting nitrate if those alone are not enough... combine them if that does not work.... CABG surgery What is unstable angina - Answers-chest pain at rest lasts more than 20 minutes increase in duration or severity than their stable angina not relieved by nitroglycerin What are some clinical characteristics of a STEMI - Answers-ST elevation Q waves LBBB cardiac markers myocardial necrosis What are s/s of a STEMI/NSTEMI in a women? - Answers-silent MI much more common in women Jaw pain, nausea, back pain, fatigue What is the best marker for a heart attack? - Answers-Troponin I detectable in 3-6 hours after MI peaks in 16 hours if CK-MB is present... it also indicates an MI What labs would you run on a patient presenting with MI - Answers-PT/INR glucose CMP TSH CXR 2D echo heart cath what is the acute management of an MI? - Answers-MONA-Hcath
What are the s/s of a ruptured AAA? - Answers-hypotension, pulsatile abdominal mass, abdominal pain/ back pain What is the diagnostic of choice for AAA? - Answers-Ultrasound What is virchow's triad - Answers-1. Venous stasis
hyperlipidemia name 5 characteristics of PAD - Answers-pale, cool skin prolonged cap refill time reduced pulses in distal extremities poor nail growth dry and scaly skin What diagnostics are needed for PAD - Answers-ABI(Ankle-brachial index) lipid panel (fasting) doppler MRI angiography (GOLD STANDARD) What is non-pharm management of PAD? - Answers-exercise, low fat diet, stop smoking, cardiac rehab programs surgery!! What is pharm management of PAD? - Answers-ASA Plavix or another anticoagulant Cilostazol helps claudication pain What referral is needed for PAD? - Answers-vascular surgeon if persistent symptoms, conservative treatment not helping for 3-6m, limb ischemia, gangrene describe varicose veins - Answers-Occur from stretch of veins and valve flaps not properly closing to prevent blood backflow. name 5 risk factors for varicose veins - Answers-prolonged standing obesity pregnancy age fam hx What diagnostics can be done for varicose veins? - Answers-inspection Duplex venous doppler study What is non-pharm management for varicose veins - Answers-avoid prolonged standing lose weight support hose vein obliterations What is pharm management for varicose veins - Answers-Sclerotherapy
treat coagulopathies take meds as prescribed Which drug is now approved as a first-line drug for angina - Answers-Ranolazine If starting pt on Nitroglycerin patch for angina, what instructions should the provider give