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NURS 5433 Module 7--Valve Disorders Assessment Exam Questions with Answers Rated 100%., Exams of Nursing

NURS 5433 Module 7--Valve Disorders Assessment Exam Questions with Answers Rated 100%. What are the most common types of murmurs? - Answers-Aortic and mitral What are the three reasons you would hear a murmur? - Answers-stenosis, regurgitation, anemia Are systolic or diastolic murmurs more common? - Answers-systolic Which types of murmurs are always pathological? - Answers-diastolic Name the systolic murmurs - Answers-Aortic Stenosis, Pulmonic stenosis, tricuspid regurgitation, mitral regurgitation Name the diastolic murmurs - Answers-Aortic regurgitation, pulmonic regurgitation, mitral stenosis, tricuspid stenosis What are the 7 S's of innocent murmurs? - Answers-Soft short systolic

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NURS 5433 Module 7--Valve Disorders Assessment
Exam Questions with Answers Rated 100%.
What are the most common types of murmurs? - Answers-Aortic and mitral
What are the three reasons you would hear a murmur? - Answers-stenosis,
regurgitation, anemia
Are systolic or diastolic murmurs more common? - Answers-systolic
Which types of murmurs are always pathological? - Answers-diastolic
Name the systolic murmurs - Answers-Aortic Stenosis, Pulmonic stenosis, tricuspid
regurgitation, mitral regurgitation
Name the diastolic murmurs - Answers-Aortic regurgitation, pulmonic regurgitation,
mitral stenosis, tricuspid stenosis
What are the 7 S's of innocent murmurs? - Answers-Soft
short
systolic
single without gallops or clicks
symptomless
standing/sitting changes murmur
small area without radiation
Name 5 risk factors for a murmur - Answers-Age, pregnancy, anemia, congenital heart
disease, HTN
What do you assess when listening to a murmur - Answers-- LLTQS
- Location of murmur
-Loudness (how loud it is)
- Timing of murmur (systolic or diastolic)
- Quality
- Shape (cresendo or decresendo)
What is Still's Venus Hum murmur? - Answers-The most common innocent murmur of
childhood characterized by a low pitched systolic ejection murumur.
"soft, short and systolic"
What are some s/s of a pathologic murmur - Answers-- CARS
- Central cyanosis
- Abnormal pulse
- Respiratory distress
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Download NURS 5433 Module 7--Valve Disorders Assessment Exam Questions with Answers Rated 100%. and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

NURS 5433 Module 7--Valve Disorders Assessment

Exam Questions with Answers Rated 100%.

What are the most common types of murmurs? - Answers-Aortic and mitral What are the three reasons you would hear a murmur? - Answers-stenosis, regurgitation, anemia Are systolic or diastolic murmurs more common? - Answers-systolic Which types of murmurs are always pathological? - Answers-diastolic Name the systolic murmurs - Answers-Aortic Stenosis, Pulmonic stenosis, tricuspid regurgitation, mitral regurgitation Name the diastolic murmurs - Answers-Aortic regurgitation, pulmonic regurgitation, mitral stenosis, tricuspid stenosis What are the 7 S's of innocent murmurs? - Answers-Soft short systolic single without gallops or clicks symptomless standing/sitting changes murmur small area without radiation Name 5 risk factors for a murmur - Answers-Age, pregnancy, anemia, congenital heart disease, HTN What do you assess when listening to a murmur - Answers-- LLTQS

  • Location of murmur -Loudness (how loud it is)
  • Timing of murmur (systolic or diastolic)
  • Quality
  • Shape (cresendo or decresendo) What is Still's Venus Hum murmur? - Answers-The most common innocent murmur of childhood characterized by a low pitched systolic ejection murumur. "soft, short and systolic" What are some s/s of a pathologic murmur - Answers-- CARS
  • Central cyanosis
  • Abnormal pulse
  • Respiratory distress
  • Shock What is diagnostic of choice for valvular heart diseases? - Answers-Echo What are consequences of aortic stenosis? - Answers-- Decreased cardiac output
  • Left ventricular hypertrophy
  • LV systolic dysfunction What is a common cause of aortic stenosis - Answers-calcified aortic valve (common in elderly) What are the characteristics of aortic stenosis - Answers-- Systolic
  • Heard at 2nd intercostal space, right sternal border
  • Radiate to carotid arteries
  • Softens when standing
  • Decreases with valsalva
  • Increases with standing
  • Crescendo-decrescendo What is the management for Aortic Stenosis - Answers-no medication can help.... needs a valve replacement surgery(Bioprosthetic valve preferred in older pt, no coagulation needed with bioprosthetic valve) What are the most common causes for aortic regurgitation - Answers-Rheumatic fever and Syphilis What are the characteristics of aortic regurgitation - Answers-- Diastolic
  • Loud, high pitched and blowing
  • Valsalva increases
  • Heard at left lower sternal border
  • Leaning forward can make it worse What are some s/s of aortic regurgitation? - Answers-- Left sided HF
  • Peripheral edema
  • Dyspnea
  • s3 sound
  • Wide pulse pressure
  • Thrusting apical pulse What is the management for aortic regurgitation? - Answers-- Control HTN
  • Diuretics for s/s of HF
  • Vasodilators
  • Valve replacement What is the main cause of mitral stenosis? - Answers-Rheumatic fever

What are non-modifyable risk factors for CAD - Answers-age, fam hx, sex What is the underlying cause of CAD - Answers-atherosclerosis What are two factors that contribute to oxygen demand? - Answers-Heart rate and contractility What are two factors that contribute to oxygen supply? - Answers-myocardial blood flow myocardial perfusion (only happens during diastole) Name 3 things that could cause stable angina - Answers-exercise cold weather excitement CAD What is the main cause of variant angina? - Answers-coronary vasospasm What are the two drug classes to treat variant angina? - Answers-CCBs Nitrates What are 3 AE of nitrates - Answers-- Headache

  • Orthostatic hypotension
  • Reflex tachycardia What drugs should you avoid giving with a nitrate? - Answers-- PDE-5 inhibitors (Viagra/Sildenafil)
  • Beta-blockers
  • CCBs Why do you need a long acting nitrate and allow 8 drug free hours per day? - Answers- very easy for the body to develop a tolerance How does a Beta blocker treat angina? - Answers-decreases oxygen demand What is ranolazine used for - Answers-Angina will not reduce HR, BP/ vascular resistance now considered a 1st line drug for Angina... add it to a BB or CCB What drugs should be included to treat a chronic stable angina? - Answers-- ACE- inhibitors
  • Statins (cholesterol lowering)
  • Antiplatelets
  • Anti-anginal agents (Nitrates, BBs, CCBs)

Can you use a beta blocker to treat variant angina? - Answers-No How do you treat variant angina? - Answers-CCB or long acting nitrate if those alone are not enough... combine them if that does not work.... CABG surgery What is unstable angina - Answers-chest pain at rest lasts more than 20 minutes increase in duration or severity than their stable angina not relieved by nitroglycerin What are some clinical characteristics of a STEMI - Answers-ST elevation Q waves LBBB cardiac markers myocardial necrosis What are s/s of a STEMI/NSTEMI in a women? - Answers-silent MI much more common in women Jaw pain, nausea, back pain, fatigue What is the best marker for a heart attack? - Answers-Troponin I detectable in 3-6 hours after MI peaks in 16 hours if CK-MB is present... it also indicates an MI What labs would you run on a patient presenting with MI - Answers-PT/INR glucose CMP TSH CXR 2D echo heart cath what is the acute management of an MI? - Answers-MONA-Hcath

  • Morphine
  • Oxygen
  • Nitrates
  • Anti-thrombics
  • Heart cath What meds do patients need after MI? - Answers-ASA beta blockers

What are the s/s of a ruptured AAA? - Answers-hypotension, pulsatile abdominal mass, abdominal pain/ back pain What is the diagnostic of choice for AAA? - Answers-Ultrasound What is virchow's triad - Answers-1. Venous stasis

  1. Hypercoagulability
  2. Trauma to a vessel What are some s/s of DVT? - Answers-pain, warmth, erythema in leg, one calf larger than the other, cord like vein Discuss the different wells score and their significane - Answers-Score of 0--low probability Score of 1-2--moderate probability score of 3 or more--high probability What is non-pharm management of DVT? - Answers-inferior vena cava filter hospitalization walking compression stockings surgery pt education What are choices for pharm management for DVT - Answers-LMWH (lovenox) unfractionated heparin Vit K antagonist (warfarin) Direct thrombin inhibitor (Dabigatran) Factor Xa inhibitors (eliquis) How do you bridge therapy for anticoagulants in DVT treatment - Answers-5-10 days of lovenox What type of anticoagulation can be used in pregnancy for DVT? - Answers-LMWH (lovenox) How is PAD defined? - Answers-ABI < 0. (Ankle brachial index) What is the most common cause of arterial stenosis? - Answers-atherosclerosis name 5 risk factors for PAD - Answers-smoking age DM HTN

hyperlipidemia name 5 characteristics of PAD - Answers-pale, cool skin prolonged cap refill time reduced pulses in distal extremities poor nail growth dry and scaly skin What diagnostics are needed for PAD - Answers-ABI(Ankle-brachial index) lipid panel (fasting) doppler MRI angiography (GOLD STANDARD) What is non-pharm management of PAD? - Answers-exercise, low fat diet, stop smoking, cardiac rehab programs surgery!! What is pharm management of PAD? - Answers-ASA Plavix or another anticoagulant Cilostazol helps claudication pain What referral is needed for PAD? - Answers-vascular surgeon if persistent symptoms, conservative treatment not helping for 3-6m, limb ischemia, gangrene describe varicose veins - Answers-Occur from stretch of veins and valve flaps not properly closing to prevent blood backflow. name 5 risk factors for varicose veins - Answers-prolonged standing obesity pregnancy age fam hx What diagnostics can be done for varicose veins? - Answers-inspection Duplex venous doppler study What is non-pharm management for varicose veins - Answers-avoid prolonged standing lose weight support hose vein obliterations What is pharm management for varicose veins - Answers-Sclerotherapy

treat coagulopathies take meds as prescribed Which drug is now approved as a first-line drug for angina - Answers-Ranolazine If starting pt on Nitroglycerin patch for angina, what instructions should the provider give

  • Answers-Have a nitrate-free interval of 10-12 hrs everyday to prevent development of nitrate tolerance Which drug is approved for pt with stag 2-4 heart failure to be used in place of an ACE inhibitor/ARB? - Answers-Entresto( Sacubitril/Valsartan) In a pt with AFIB and a CHA2DSVASc score of 3 , what would you prescribe - Answers- Anticoagulant(Rivaroxban/xarelto)