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Nursing 3280 Care of Women Exam Q & A 2024, Exams of Nursing

A set of questions and answers related to the care of women in nursing. The questions cover topics such as prenatal care, labor and delivery, postpartum care, and women's health issues. Each question is followed by a rationale that explains the correct answer and provides additional information. useful for nursing students who are preparing for exams or seeking to improve their knowledge of women's health care.

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 01/23/2024

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NURSING 3280
CARE OF WOMEN
EXAM Q & A
2024
1. A 25-year-old woman visits the clinic for a routine prenatal checkup at 28
weeks of gestation. She reports feeling well and has no complaints. Her
blood pressure is 120/80 mmHg, pulse is 80 beats/min, and weight is 65 kg.
She has gained 10 kg since the beginning of her pregnancy. The nurse
performs a fundal height measurement and finds it to be 30 cm. What is the
most appropriate action for the nurse to take?
a) Document the finding as normal and reassure the woman.
b) Refer the woman for an ultrasound to rule out intrauterine growth
restriction (IUGR).
c) Advise the woman to increase her calorie intake and monitor her weight
gain.
d) Perform a urine dipstick test to check for proteinuria and glucose.
*Answer: a) Document the finding as normal and reassure the woman.*
Rationale: The fundal height measurement is a simple and reliable method to
assess fetal growth and well-being. It is measured in centimeters from the top
of the pubic bone to the top of the uterus (fundus). The fundal height should
be approximately equal to the number of weeks of gestation, plus or minus 2
cm. In this case, the woman's fundal height is within the normal range for her
gestational age, indicating that her fetus is growing adequately. There is no
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NURSING 3280

CARE OF WOMEN

EXAM Q & A

  1. A 25-year-old woman visits the clinic for a routine prenatal checkup at 28 weeks of gestation. She reports feeling well and has no complaints. Her blood pressure is 120/80 mmHg, pulse is 80 beats/min, and weight is 65 kg. She has gained 10 kg since the beginning of her pregnancy. The nurse performs a fundal height measurement and finds it to be 30 cm. What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take? a) Document the finding as normal and reassure the woman. b) Refer the woman for an ultrasound to rule out intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). c) Advise the woman to increase her calorie intake and monitor her weight gain. d) Perform a urine dipstick test to check for proteinuria and glucose. Answer: a) Document the finding as normal and reassure the woman. Rationale: The fundal height measurement is a simple and reliable method to assess fetal growth and well-being. It is measured in centimeters from the top of the pubic bone to the top of the uterus (fundus). The fundal height should be approximately equal to the number of weeks of gestation, plus or minus 2 cm. In this case, the woman's fundal height is within the normal range for her gestational age, indicating that her fetus is growing adequately. There is no

need to refer her for an ultrasound, advise her to increase her calorie intake, or perform a urine test, as these interventions are indicated for women with suspected fetal growth problems or complications such as preeclampsia or gestational diabetes.

  1. A 32-year-old woman is admitted to the labor and delivery unit with regular contractions every 5 minutes, lasting 60 seconds each. She is in active labor and her cervix is dilated to 6 cm. She has a history of cesarean delivery due to fetal distress in her previous pregnancy. She expresses her desire to have a vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) this time. What are the most important factors that the nurse should consider when caring for this woman? a) The type of uterine incision and the interval between pregnancies. b) The maternal age and the parity. c) The fetal position and the presentation. d) The maternal preference and the informed consent. Answer: a) The type of uterine incision and the interval between pregnancies. Rationale: The most important factors that influence the success and safety of VBAC are the type of uterine incision and the interval between pregnancies. A low transverse uterine incision (horizontal across the lower segment of the uterus) has a lower risk of uterine rupture than a classical uterine incision (vertical along the upper segment of the uterus). A longer interval between pregnancies (at least 18 months) allows more time for the uterine scar to heal and reduces the risk of uterine rupture. The maternal age, parity, fetal position, presentation, preference, and informed consent are also relevant factors, but they are not as critical as the type of uterine incision and the interval between pregnancies.
  2. A 28-year-old woman delivers a healthy baby girl vaginally after an uncomplicated labor. The placenta is delivered intact and there is no excessive bleeding. The nurse performs a physical assessment of the woman and finds that her uterus is firm, midline, and at the level of the umbilicus. Her lochia is moderate, rubra, and without clots. Her perineum is intact, with minimal edema and ecchymosis. Her vital signs are stable and she reports feeling well. What is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for this woman? a) Risk for infection related to vaginal delivery.

for your baby." Rationale: Breast milk is the best source of nutrition for newborns and provides numerous health benefits, such as boosting the baby's immune system and reducing the risk of infections and diseases. Breastfeeding is generally recommended for healthy mothers and infants, unless there are specific contraindications.

  1. During the postpartum period, a woman is experiencing severe anxiety, panic attacks, and intrusive thoughts about harming her baby. Which condition is most likely present? a) Postpartum depression b) Postpartum psychosis c) Postpartum blues d) Postpartum anxiety disorder Answer: b) Postpartum psychosis Rationale: Postpartum psychosis is a rare and severe mental health condition that occurs within the first weeks after childbirth. It is characterized by symptoms such as severe anxiety, panic attacks, hallucinations, delusions, and intrusive thoughts about harming oneself or the baby. Immediate psychiatric evaluation and treatment are required to ensure the safety of the mother and baby.
  2. Which of the following contraceptive methods provides the highest efficacy rate? a) Oral contraceptive pills b) Condoms c) Intrauterine devices (IUDs) d) Natural family planning Answer: c) Intrauterine devices (IUDs) Rationale: Intrauterine devices (IUDs) have the highest efficacy rate among contraceptive methods, with a failure rate of less than 1%. They are highly effective in preventing pregnancy and are considered long-acting reversible

contraceptives. Other methods, such as oral contraceptive pills, condoms, and natural family planning, have higher failure rates due to user-dependent factors.

  1. A female patient with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) asks the nurse about potential complications. How should the nurse respond? a) "PCOS does not increase your risk of any health complications." b) "PCOS may increase your risk of developing type 2 diabetes and heart disease." c) "The only complication of PCOS is difficulty getting pregnant." d) "PCOS can lead to obesity but does not have any other consequences." Answer: b) "PCOS may increase your risk of developing type 2 diabetes and heart disease." Rationale: PCOS is associated with an increased risk of various health complications, including type 2 diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, metabolic syndrome, sleep apnea, and endometrial cancer. It can also cause fertility issues, but it is not the only complication.
  2. A woman seeking fertility treatment asks about in vitro fertilization (IVF). Which statement accurately describes IVF? a) "IVF involves surgically removing the fallopian tubes." b) "IVF increases the chances of natural conception." c) "IVF is an assisted reproductive technology that involves combining eggs and sperm outside the body." d) "IVF is a procedure for male infertility only." Answer: c) "IVF is an assisted reproductive technology that involves combining eggs and sperm outside the body." Rationale: In vitro fertilization (IVF) is an assisted reproductive technology that involves retrieving mature eggs from a woman's ovaries and fertilizing them with sperm outside the body, in a laboratory dish. The resulting embryos are then transferred to the woman's uterus. IVF is not a surgical procedure but a method to assist with conception.

d) Inadequate milk supply Answer: b) Mastitis Rationale: The symptoms described are indicative of mastitis, which is an infection of the breast tissue. It commonly occurs in breastfeeding women and is characterized by a tender, reddened area on the breast, accompanied by flu-like symptoms. Prompt treatment with antibiotics and continued breastfeeding or milk removal are essential.

  1. Which of the following is a priority nursing intervention for a woman experiencing postpartum hemorrhage? a) Administering pain medication b) Monitoring vital signs c) Providing emotional support d) Assisting with infant care Answer: b) Monitoring vital signs Rationale: Postpartum hemorrhage is a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by excessive bleeding after childbirth. Monitoring vital signs, particularly blood pressure, pulse, and oxygen saturation, is a priority to assess the extent of bleeding, guide further interventions, and ensure stability. Administering pain medication, providing emotional support, and assisting with infant care can be addressed once the woman's condition has stabilized.
  2. Which statement accurately describes premenstrual syndrome (PMS)? a) "PMS occurs only during late pregnancy." b) "PMS is a rare condition that affects only a small percentage of women." c) "PMS refers to a group of physical and emotional symptoms that occur cyclically before menstruation." d) "PMS is unrelated to hormonal changes and menstrual cycles." Answer: c) "PMS refers to a group of physical and emotional symptoms that occur cyclically before menstruation."

Rationale: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common condition that affects many women. It refers to a variety of physical and emotional symptoms, such as bloating, breast tenderness, mood swings, irritability, and fatigue, that occur in the days or weeks before menstruation. These symptoms are often relieved with the onset of menstruation.

  1. Which of the following statements is true about breastfeeding and contraception? a) Breastfeeding is a reliable method of contraception during the first six months after childbirth. b) Breastfeeding has no effect on fertility; additional contraception is always required. c) Hormonal contraceptives can decrease milk production and should be avoided during breastfeeding. d) Lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) can be used as a reliable contraceptive method at any time during breastfeeding. Answer: d) Lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) can be used as a reliable contraceptive method at any time during breastfeeding. Rationale: Lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) can be used as an effective contraceptive method if certain conditions are met, such as exclusive breastfeeding, amenorrhea (absence of menstruation), and the baby being less than six months old. However, it is important to educate women that as breastfeeding patterns change, fertility may return, and additional contraception methods should be considered to avoid unintended pregnancies.
  2. A woman diagnosed with preterm labor is administered magnesium sulfate. Which of the following is a priority nursing assessment? a) Blood glucose levels b) Fetal heart rate c) Maternal blood pressure d) Urine output Answer: c) Maternal blood pressure

infections. Hormone replacement therapy may be an option for some women, but it should be discussed with a healthcare provider considering individual risks and benefits. Avoiding sexual intercourse is not necessary if appropriate lubrication is used.