NURSING 4310 SCIENCE OF WELLNESS AND SELF CARE EXAM Q & A 2024, Exams of Nursing

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NURSING 4310

Science of Wellness and

Self Care

Q & A w/ Rationales

Question: Which of the following best describes the concept of wellness? A) Absence of disease B) State of complete physical, mental, and social well- being C) Ability to perform daily activities without fatigue D) Presence of positive emotional feelings Answer: B) State of complete physical, mental, and social well-being Rationale: Wellness encompasses a holistic approach to health, including physical, mental, and social aspects, rather than just the absence of disease. Question: What is the primary goal of self-care for healthcare professionals? A) Enhancing productivity B) Mitigating stress C) Avoiding burnout D) Improving patient satisfaction Answer: C) Avoiding burnout Rationale: The primary goal of self-care for healthcare professionals is to prevent burnout, maintain well-being, and ensure the ability to provide optimal care to patients. Question: Which of the following is an example of an

C) Vitamin E D) Vitamin K Answer: A) Vitamin C Rationale: Vitamin C plays a crucial role in the synthesis of collagen, which is important for skin health and wound healing. Question: What is the recommended daily water intake for adult males? A) 2 liters B) 3 liters C) 4 liters D) 5 liters Answer: A) 2 liters Rationale: The general recommendation for adult males is to consume about 2 liters (or approximately 8 cups) of water per day to maintain hydration. Question: Which of the following is a benefit of practicing deep breathing exercises? A) Increased heart rate B) Reduced blood pressure C) Heightened anxiety D) Enhanced muscle tension Answer: B) Reduced blood pressure

Rationale: Deep breathing exercises have been shown to help reduce blood pressure and promote relaxation. Question: What is the recommended duration of a power nap for promoting alertness and performance? A) 10 minutes B) 30 minutes C) 60 minutes D) 90 minutes Answer: A) 10 minutes Rationale: A power nap of around 10 minutes is recommended to enhance alertness and cognitive performance without causing grogginess. Question: Which of the following factors is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease? A) High HDL cholesterol levels B) Low LDL cholesterol levels C) High triglyceride levels D) Normal blood pressure Answer: C) High triglyceride levels Rationale: Elevated triglyceride levels are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Question: What is the primary function of melatonin in the

C) 100 grams for women, 150 grams for men D) 200 grams for women, 250 grams for men Answer: A) 25 grams for women, 36 grams for men Rationale: The American Heart Association recommends limiting added sugar intake to 25 grams for women and 36 grams for men per day. Question: Which of the following is a benefit of maintaining a healthy microbiome in the gut? A) Decreased nutrient absorption B) Increased risk of allergies C) Improved digestion D) Enhanced immune function Answer: C) Improved digestion Rationale: A healthy gut microbiome is essential for efficient digestion and nutrient absorption. Question: What is the recommended frequency of strength training exercises for adults? A) At least 3 days per week B) Every other day C) Once a week D) Twice a month Answer: A) At least 3 days per week

Rationale: The general recommendation is to engage in strength training exercises at least 3 days per week to maintain muscle strength and overall health. Question: Which of the following is an example of a self- care practice to prevent musculoskeletal injuries in healthcare professionals? A) Wearing high-heeled shoes B) Using proper body mechanics when lifting C) Ignoring early signs of fatigue D) Maintaining a sedentary lifestyle Answer: B) Using proper body mechanics when lifting Rationale: Using proper body mechanics when lifting is an essential self-care practice to prevent musculoskeletal injuries in healthcare professionals. B:

1. Which of the following best defines the science of wellness? a) The study of physical fitness and exercise b) The evidence-based understanding of practices that promote health and quality of life c) The exploration of alternative medicine and holistic approaches d) The analysis of mental health disorders and treatments

health.

4. When incorporating self-care practices, what is an effective way to manage stress? a) Avoiding social interactions and isolating oneself b) Taking regular breaks from work or study to relax and rejuvenate c) Consuming excessive amounts of caffeine or energy drinks d) Neglecting personal hygiene and proper sleep Answer: b) Taking regular breaks from work or study to relax and rejuvenate Rationale: Taking regular breaks from work or study to relax and rejuvenate is an effective self-care practice that helps to manage stress and maintain overall well-being.
5. Which of the following is an example of emotional self- care? a) Maintaining personal hygiene and grooming habits b) Engaging in relaxing hobbies or activities c) Building and maintaining healthy relationships d) Following a balanced diet and regular exercise routine Answer: c) Building and maintaining healthy relationships Rationale: Emotional self-care involves building and maintaining healthy relationships, which contribute to emotional well-being and support.
6. In the context of self-care, what does the acronym REST

stand for? a) Regular Exercise, Sleep, and Treatment b) Relaxation, Enjoyment, Stress reduction, and Time for oneself c) Rehabilitation, Eating healthy, Seeking help from professionals, and Taking breaks d) Routine, Engagement, Stress management, and Time management Answer: b) Relaxation, Enjoyment, Stress reduction, and Time for oneself Rationale: The acronym REST represents key components of self-care, including relaxation, enjoyment, stress reduction, and making time for oneself.

7. Which of the following is an example of spiritual self- care? a) Meditating or practicing mindfulness b) Consuming excessive amounts of alcohol or drugs c) Neglecting personal responsibilities and obligations d) Engaging in excessive exercise or dietary restrictions Answer: a) Meditating or practicing mindfulness Rationale: Engaging in activities such as meditation or mindfulness helps nurture and maintain spiritual well- being, which is an aspect of self-care.
8. Which self-care practice can aid in the prevention of physical illnesses and diseases? a) Ignoring early warning signs and symptoms

knowledge c) Disregarding personal interests and pursuits d) Avoiding intellectual challenges and problem-solving activities Answer: b) Engaging in lifelong learning and acquiring new knowledge Rationale: Intellectual self-care involves engaging in activities that stimulate the mind, such as lifelong learning and acquiring new knowledge.

11. How does the practice of gratitude promote overall wellness? a) It increases levels of cortisol and stress hormones b) It decreases feelings of motivation and fulfillment c) It enhances positive emotions and overall well-being d) It hinders psychological resilience and adaptability Answer: c) It enhances positive emotions and overall well- being Rationale: Cultivating gratitude promotes positive emotions, increases overall well-being, and fosters psychological resilience and adaptability.
12. When should self-care practices be integrated into an individual's routine? a) Only when experiencing signs of physical illness or discomfort b) Only during periods of extreme stress or crisis situations c) As a regular and proactive part of daily life

d) Exclusively during vacation or leisure activities Answer: c) As a regular and proactive part of daily life Rationale: Self-care practices should be integrated into an individual's routine as a regular and proactive measure to maintain overall health and well-being, rather than being restricted to times of distress.

13. Which self-care practice has been shown to positively impact sleep quality? a) Consistently consuming large amounts of caffeine throughout the day b) Maintaining an irregular sleep schedule and excessive napping c) Establishing a relaxing bedtime routine and regular sleep pattern d) Exercising vigorously right before bedtime Answer: c) Establishing a relaxing bedtime routine and regular sleep pattern Rationale: Establishing a relaxing bedtime routine and maintaining a regular sleep pattern have been shown to positively impact sleep quality and overall well-being.
14. How does engaging in self-care practices benefit healthcare professionals, such as nurses? a) It increases burnout and job dissatisfaction b) It improves patient outcomes and enhances professional practice c) It limits opportunities for career growth and

C:

1. A nurse is conducting a wellness assessment for a client who has been diagnosed with hypertension. The nurse asks the client about their dietary habits, physical activity, stress management, and sleep quality. Which of the following questions is most appropriate to assess the client's self-care agency? a) How do you cope with stress in your life? b) How often do you eat fruits and vegetables? c) How confident are you in managing your blood pressure? d) How many hours of sleep do you get per night?* Rationale: Self-care agency is the ability to perform self- care activities that maintain or improve one's health and well-being. Asking the client about their sleep quality is a way to assess their self-care agency because sleep is an essential component of self-care that affects physical and mental health. The other questions are relevant to wellness assessment, but they do not directly measure the client's self-care agency.
2. A nurse is teaching a group of college students about the benefits of mindfulness meditation for wellness and self- care. The nurse explains that mindfulness meditation can help reduce stress, improve mood, enhance concentration, and promote resilience. Which of the following statements by one of the students indicates a need for further teaching? a) I can practice mindfulness meditation anytime and anywhere by focusing on my breath.*

b) I can use mindfulness meditation to cope with negative emotions and thoughts. c) I can improve my mindfulness skills by attending a guided meditation session. d) I can expect to see immediate results from mindfulness meditation. Rationale: Mindfulness meditation is a practice of paying attention to the present moment with openness, curiosity, and acceptance. It can be done anytime and anywhere by focusing on one's breath, body sensations, sounds, or other objects of attention. However, it is not a quick fix for stress or other problems. It requires regular practice and patience to see its benefits. Therefore, the statement that one can expect to see immediate results from mindfulness meditation indicates a need for further teaching.

3. A nurse is working with a client who has chronic pain due to osteoarthritis. The client reports feeling depressed and hopeless about their condition. The nurse suggests that the client try some self-care strategies to improve their quality of life. Which of the following self-care strategies is most likely to help the client cope with their pain and depression? a) Taking over-the-counter pain relievers as needed. b) Joining a support group for people with chronic pain.* c) Avoiding physical activity that may worsen the pain. d) Seeking professional help from a psychiatrist or psychologist. Rationale: Self-care strategies for chronic pain and depression include pharmacological, psychological, social,

mentally challenging activities that stimulate different areas of the brain, such as reading, playing games, learning new languages or skills, etc. Physical exercise improves blood flow and oxygen delivery to the brain, as well as reduces inflammation and oxidative stress that can damage brain cells. Social engagement enhances cognitive function by providing emotional support, communication skills, and social interaction. Smoking cessation is not a self-care activity per se, but it is a risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia that should be avoided.

5. A nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of a wellness intervention for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. The intervention consists of providing education on diabetes management, nutrition counseling, physical activity guidance, and stress reduction techniques. Which of the following outcomes would indicate that the intervention has been successful? a) The client has lost 10% of their body weight in six months. b) The client has reduced their hemoglobin A1c level from 9% to 7% in three months.* c) The client has increased their daily intake of fruits and vegetables from two to five servings. d) The client has decreased their frequency of hypoglycemic episodes from once a week to once a month. Rationale: Hemoglobin A1c is a measure of the average blood glucose level over the past two to three months. It is a reliable indicator of diabetes management and the risk of diabetes complications. A hemoglobin A1c level of 7% or

lower is recommended for most people with diabetes to prevent or delay the onset of diabetes complications. Therefore, reducing the hemoglobin A1c level from 9% to 7% in three months would indicate that the wellness intervention has been successful. The other outcomes are also desirable, but they are not as specific or measurable as the hemoglobin A1c level.

6. A nurse is counseling a client who wants to quit smoking as part of their wellness and self-care plan. The nurse uses the transtheoretical model of behavior change to assess the client's readiness to quit smoking and tailor the intervention accordingly. Which of the following stages of change is the client in if they say: "I know smoking is bad for me, but I enjoy it too much to give it up"? a) Precontemplation b) Contemplation* c) Preparation d) Action Rationale: The transtheoretical model of behavior change consists of five stages: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance. In the precontemplation stage, the person is not aware of or interested in changing their behavior. In the contemplation stage, the person is aware of the pros and cons of changing their behavior, but they are ambivalent or undecided about it. In the preparation stage, the person is ready and willing to change their behavior and makes plans to do so. In the action stage, the person implements their plans and modifies their behavior. In the maintenance stage, the