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NURSING-6521C-1/NURS-6521D-1/NURS-
6521N-1-Advanced Pharmacology.2023 Winter
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Due Date 1/13/ Status Completed Attempt Score Time Elapsed 92 out of 100 points 2 hours, 0 minute out of 2 hours Instructions Please answer each question below and click Submit when you have completed the Exam. Results Displayed Submitted Answers, Incorrectly Answered Questions In order to promote therapeutic drug effects, the Nurse Practitioner should always encourage patients to Selected Answer: take their medication at the prescribed times. A female patient with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus has been experiencing increasing neuropathic pain in recent months, a symptom that has not responded appreciably to conventional analgesics. The patient's care provider has begun treatment with gabapentin (Neurontin). How is the addition of this drug likely to influence the management of the patient's existing drug regimen? Selected Answer: It^ is^ unlikely^ to^ influence^ the^ patient's^ other^ medications^ because gabapentin does not interact with other drugs. Following an assessment by her primary care provider, a 70-year-old resident of an assisted living facility has begun taking daily oral doses of levothyroxine. Which of the following assessment findings should prompt the nurse to withhold a scheduled dose of levothyroxine? Selected Answer: The^ resident's^ apical^ heart^ rate^ is^112 beats/minute^ with^ a regular rhythm The lower respiratory system utilizes a number of different mechanisms that
confer protection and maintain homeostasis. Which of the following physiological processes protects the lower respiratory system?
- Question^11 1 out of 1 points - Question^12 0 out of 1 points - Question^13 1 out of 1 points - Question^14 0 out of 1 points - Question^15 1 out of 1 points Selected Answer: rebound rhinitis/congestion The parents of a 7-year-old boy who has just been diagnosed with allergic asthma are being taught about their son's medication regimen by the nurse. The nurse is currently teaching the parent's about the appropriate use of a "rescue drug" for acute exacerbations of their son's asthma. What drug should the nurse suggests the parents to use in these situations? Selected Answer: Albuterol A 70-year-old woman with a history of atrial fibrillation takes digoxin and verapamil to control her health problem. Verapamil achieves a therapeutic effect by Selected Answer: blocking^ adrenergic^ receptors^ and^ producing^ antisympathetic effects. A patient receives 25 units of NPH insulin at 7.AM. At what time of day should the nurse advise the patient to be most alert for a potential hypoglycemic reaction? Selected Answer: Late afternoon A child with sinusitis has been on antibiotics for seven days and his symptoms are not improving. All of the following are options to prescribe for the patient now EXCEPT: Selected Answer: Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid The Nurse Practitioner's assessment of a community-dwelling adult suggests that the client may have drug allergies that have not been previously documented. What statement by the client would confirm this? Selected Answer: "I broke out in hives and got terribly itchy when I started a new prescription last year." - Question^16 1 out of 1 points
- Question^17 1 out of 1 points - Question^18 1 out of 1 points - Question^19 1 out of 1 points - Question^20 1 out of 1 points - Question^21 1 out of 1 points A homeless man who is well known to care providers at the local hospital has been admitted to the emergency department after having a seizure outside a mall. The man is known to be a heavy alcohol user and is malnourished with a very low body mass index. How are this patient's characteristics likely to influence possible treatment with phenytoin? Selected Answer: The^ patient's^ protein^ deficit^ will^ likely^ increase^ the^ levels^ of^ the free drug in his blood. A patient has been prescribed a histamine-2 (H2) receptor antagonist for the treatment of GERD. Why are H2RAs more effective than H1 receptor antagonists in the treatment of diseases of the upper GI tract? Selected Answer: The^ parietal^ cells^ of^ the^ stomach^ have^ H2^ receptors^ but^ not^ H receptors. A 24-year-old factory worker has been prescribed guaifenesin for the first time. Which of the following will be a priority assessment by the nurse before the patient's first dose? Selected Answer: The amount of alcohol consumption In light of her recent high blood pressure readings, a patient has been started on a thiazide diuretic and metoprolol (Lopressor), which is a beta-adrenergic blocker. What is the most likely rationale for using two medications to address the patient's hypertension? Selected Answer: Using^ the^ two^ drugs^ to^ treat^ a^ health^ problem^ may^ create^ a synergistic effect. A woman with numerous chronic health problems has been diagnosed with a benign gastric ulcer has begun treatment with ranitidine (Zantac). Which of the following teaching points should the nurse provide to this patient? Selected Answer: "Quitting^ smoking^ will^ significantly^ increase^ the^ chance^ that^ this drug will heal your ulcer." The APRN should educate a diabetic patient that beta blockers may mask the signs and symptoms of Selected Answer: hypoglycemia
- Question^28 1 out of 1 points - Question^29 1 out of 1 points - Question^30 1 out of 1 points - Question^31 1 out of 1 points - Question^32 0 out of 1 points A 72-year-old man is prescribed theophylline for symptomatic relief of bronchial asthma. Which of the following findings would alert the nurse to the need for close monitoring? Selected Answer: Need for additional bronchodilation A patient has a history of tonic-clonic seizures that have been successfully treated with phenytoin (Dilantin) for several years. Phenytoin achieves a therapeutic effect by Selected Answer: decreasing the influx of sodium into neurons. A man who smokes one pack of cigarettes daily has been diagnosed with chronic bronchitis. He has been prescribed theophylline by his family doctor. What effect will the patient's smoking status have on the therapeutic use of theophylline? Selected Answer: The^ patient^ may^ require^ higher^ doses^ of^ theophylline^ than^ a nonsmoker A 56-year-old female patient has been admitted to the hospital with chronic muscle spasms and has been prescribed a new medication to treat the spasms. She has a poorly documented allergy to eggs, synthetic clothes, and perfumes. What is the priority action of the nurse to ensure that prescribed medication does not experience an allergic reaction? Selected Answer: Post^ an^ allergies^ notice^ on^ the^ front^ of^ the^ chart^ and^ document^ the allergies in the appropriate area of the patient's record A Nurse Practitioner is instructing a patient concerning a newly prescribed drug. Which of the following should be included to help improve patient compliance and safety? Selected Answer: Measures^ to^ alleviate^ any^ discomfort^ associated^ with^ adverse effects A home health Nurse Practitioner is performing a home visit to an elderly client who has early-stage dementia. The Nurse Practitioner observes that some of the client's pill bottles are empty, even though the client is not due for refills for 2 weeks. What nursing diagnosis should the Nurse Practitioner prioritize when planning this client's care? Selected Answer: Impaired Home Maintenance Management
- Question^33 1 out of 1 points - Question^34 1 out of 1 points - Question^35 1 out of 1 points - Question^36 1 out of 1 points - Question^37 1 out of 1 points - Question^38 1 out of 1 points - Question^39 1 out of 1 points Mr. Nguyen, age 71, will soon be discharged home from the hospital after a successful coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). During patient education about his drug regimen, Mr. Nguyen's nurse should prioritize teach about Selected Answer: potential^ adverse^ effects^ of^ the^ drugs^ that^ Mr.^ Nguyen^ will^ be taking. A woman has a long history of seasonal allergies that are typically accompanied by rhinorrhea, red eyes, and frequent sneezing. Sneezes are a result of Selected Answer: a CNS reflex that is initiated by receptors in the nasal cavities. A 34-year-old male patient is prescribed methimazole (MMI). The Nurse Practitioner will advise him to report which of the following immediately? Selected Answer: Intolerance to cold A patient with a long history of alcohol abuse has been admitted to an acute medical unit with signs and symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy. His current medication orders include QID doses of oral lactulose. What desired outcomes should the nurse associate with this drug order? Selected Answer: Patient^ will^ have^ three^ to^ four^ loose^ bowel^ movements^ each day. The Nurse Practitioner is treating a patient that takes frequent doses of antacids for his heartburn and is also taking an enteric coded aspirin. What instructions should be provided to the patient? Selected Answer: The medications should be taken at least 2 hours apart. To minimize the risk of adverse effects of glucagon when given to an unconscious diabetic patient, as the patient regains consciousness, the nurse should Selected Answer: administer carbohydrates. An expected outcome for a patient who has just taken sublingual nitroglycerin should be
chronic heart failure (CHF). Her care provider has recently added spironolactone
- Question^46 1 out of 1 points - Question^47 1 out of 1 points - Question^48 1 out of 1 points - Question^49 1 out of 1 points - Question^50 1 out of 1 points - Question^51 1 out of 1 points (Aldactone) to the woman's medication regimen. The nurse should consequently assess for signs and symptoms of Selected Answer: hyperkalemia. A Nurse Practitioner is caring for a 70-year-old patient who is taking desmopressin (DDAVP). The patient has a history of cardiovascular disease. The nurse will prioritize the assessment of which of the following? Selected Answer: Electrolyte levels A Nurse Practitioner is providing care for a patient who suffered extensive burns to his extremities during a recent industrial accident. Topical lidocaine gel has been ordered to be applied to the surfaces of all his burns in order to achieve adequate pain control. When considering this order, the Nurse Practitioner should be aware that Selected Answer: there^ is^ a^ risk^ of^ systemic^ absorption^ of^ the^ lidocaine^ through^ the patient's traumatized skin. A Nurse Practitioner receives an order to administer a critically ill patient two drugs immediately (stat). The Nurse Practitioner begins the process by Selected Answer: consulting a drug guide for compatibility. A patient has been admitted to the ICU because of multiple traumas due to a motor vehicle accident. The physician has ordered propofol (Diprivan) to be used for maintenance of sedation. Before administration of propofol, a priority assessment by the nurse would be to check for a history of Selected Answer: seizure disorders. A female patient has been taking prednisone for her asthma for 1 month. The nurse will teach her to gradually decrease her dose of prednisone to avoid Selected Answer: adrenal insufficiency. A Nurse Practitioner is providing a patient with a list of drugs as a part of the patient's plan of care. Which of the following drug nomenclatures should the Nurse Practitioner use to list the drugs?
- Question^58 1 out of 1 points - Question^59 1 out of 1 points - Question^60 1 out of 1 points - Question^61 1 out of 1 points - Question^62 1 out of 1 points - Question^63 0 out of 1 points Selected Answer: Restoration of normal sinus rhythm A nurse practitioner understands when prescribing a medication that there are certain questions to address. Check all that apply. Selected Answers: Is there a need for the drug in treating the presenting problem? Is this the best drug for the presenting problem? Can the patient take the prescribed drug? The APRN is prescribing a medication that is known to induce hepatic enzymes. What effect should you anticipate? Selected Answer: Induction increases the rate of metabolism, thereby decreasing serum levels of drug A 49-year-old woman has been diagnosed with myalgia. The physician has recommended aspirin. The patient is concerned that the aspirin will upset her stomach. The nurse will encourage the patient to Selected Answer: swallow the tablet with milk or food. It is determined that a patient, who is in a hepatic coma, needs a laxative. Lactulose is prescribed. Which of the following should the nurse monitor to assess the efficacy of the lactulose therapy? Selected Answer: Blood ammonia levels Drugs have a high potential for abuse. There is no routine therapeutic use for these drugs and they are not available for regular use. They may be obtained for "investigational use only" by applying to the U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency. Examples include heroin and LSD. Which scheduled drug is this? Selected Answer: Schedule 1 A Nurse Practitioner is a member of a research team that is exploring unique differences in responses to drugs that each individual possesses, based on genetic make-up. This area of study is called
- Question^64 1 out of 1 points - Question^65 1 out of 1 points - Question^66 1 out of 1 points - Question^67 1 out of 1 points - Question^68 1 out of 1 points Selected Answer: pharmacodynamics. The Nurse Practitioner is prescribing Salmeterol (Serevent) inhaler for a patient with asthma. What instructions would be correct to provide the patient? Selected Answer: "This is a long acting medication for your asthma and should be used once every 12 hours" A patient with a recent diagnosis of acute renal failure has a long-standing seizure disorder which has been successfully controlled for several years with antiseizure medications. The nurse should recognize that the patient's compromised renal function will likely Selected Answer: increase^ the^ half-life^ of^ medications^ that^ are^ metabolized^ by the kidneys. A mother brings her 4-year-old child, who is vomiting and has a temperature of 103°F into the emergency department (ED). The ED physician orders acetaminophen (Tylenol) for the fever. The best form of Tylenol to give the child, considering her presentation, would be Selected Answer: suppository. A 20-year-old woman calls the clinic at 5 PM and reports to the Nurse Practitioner that she forgot to take her morning dose of fexofenadine (Allegra). She usually takes her evening dose at 8 PM. She wants to know what she should do. The Nurse Practitioner will instruct her to Selected Answer: forget about the morning dose and take the evening dose. A Nurse Practitioner is the cardiac care unit is preparing to hang an intravenous dose of dofetilide (Tikosyn) for a patient who has just been admitted. What is the most likely goal of this intervention? Selected Answer: To^ convert^ the^ patient's^ atrial^ fibrillation^ to^ normal^ sinus rhythm - Question^69 1 out of 1 points
- Question^76 1 out of 1 points - Question^77 1 out of 1 points - Question^78 1 out of 1 points - Question^79 1 out of 1 points - Question^80 1 out of 1 points Selected Answer: Constipation A Nurse Practitioner is caring for a patient who has recently moved from Vermont to south Florida. The patient has been on the same antihypertensive drug for 6 years and has had stable blood pressures and no adverse effects. Since her move, however, she reports "dizzy spells and weakness" and feels that the drug is no longer effective. The Nurse Practitioner suspects that the change in the effectiveness of the drug is related to Selected Answer: the^ impact^ of^ the^ warmer^ climate^ on^ the^ patient's^ physical state. A patient with diabetes has had a cough for 1 week and has been prescribed a cough syrup (an expectorant). What special instructions should the nurse include in the patient teaching for this situation? Selected Answer: Monitor glucose levels closely A Nurse Practitioner who is responsible for administering medications should understand that the goals of the MedWatch program are to (Select all that apply.) Selected Answers: provide regular feedback about product safety issues. facilitate the reporting of adverse reactions of drugs. increase awareness of serious reactions caused by drugs or medical devices. A patient is bothered with nighttime episodes of bronchoconstriction related to asthma. Which of the following medications can be administered to decrease the nighttime episodes and prevent asthma attacks? Selected Answer: Leukotriene modifiers Mr. Lacuna is an 83-year-old resident of a long-term care facility who has a diagnosis of moderate Alzheimer disease. Mr. Lacuna's physician recently prescribed oral rivastigmine, but he was unable to tolerate the drug due to its gastrointestinal effects. As a result, he has been ordered the transdermal patch form of the medication. When administering this form of rivastigmine, the nurse should Selected apply the patch to Mr. Lacuna's back to reduce the chance that
- Question^81 0 out of 1 points - Question^82 1 out of 1 points - Question^83 1 out of 1 points - Question^84 1 out of 1 points - Question^85 1 out of 1 points - Question^86 1 out of 1 points Answer: he will remove it. After a recent history of shortness of breath that has become increasingly severe, a woman has been prescribed ipratropium by MDI while she undergoes a diagnostic workup. What patient teaching should the nurse provide to this patient? Selected Answer: "It's^ important^ that^ you^ perform^ deep^ breathing^ exercises^ before and after taking ipratropium." During a clinic visit, a patient complains of having frequent muscle cramps in her legs. The nurse's assessment reveals that the patient has been taking over-the- counter laxatives for the past 7 years. The nurse informed the patient that prolonged use of laxatives Selected Answer: may cause nutrient deficiencies. A Nurse Practitioner is instructing a patient who was recently diagnosed with multiple sclerosis about dantrolene (Dantrium). The patient is a 38-year-old-male and the foreman for a construction company. In order to minimize one important adverse effect of the drug, the nurse will give the patient which of the following instructions? Selected Answer: Wear appropriate clothing and sunscreen whenever he is in direct sunlight A 62-year-old man is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of chest pain. He has an order for 0.3 mg of sublingual nitroglycerin prn for chest pain. Which of the following actions should the nurse do first when he complains of chest pain? Selected Answer: Administer^ a^ tablet^ under^ his^ tongue^ and^ repeat^ the^ action^ in^5 and 10 minutes if the pain has not subsided A 60-year-old African-American man lives with a number of chronic health problems. Genetic factors are likely to influence his etiology and/or treatment of Selected Answer: hypertension. A 22-year-old male college senior has lived with a diagnosis of Crohn's disease for several years and has undergone several courses of treatment with limited
- Question^87 1 out of 1 points - Question^88 1 out of 1 points - Question^89 1 out of 1 points - Question^90 1 out of 1 points - Question^91 1 out of 1 points Which of the following targeted therapies has the potential to alleviate the symptoms of Crohn's disease? Selected Answer: Infliximab (Remicade) Following an endoscopy, a 66-year-old man has been diagnosed with a duodenal ulcer resulting from Helicobacter pylori infection. Which of the following medications will likely be used in an attempt to eradicate the patient's H. pylori infection? (Select all that apply.) Selected Answers: Antibiotics A PPI A 70-year-old woman has a complex medical and a current drug regimen that includes calcium and vitamin D supplements for osteoporosis, metformin (Glucophage) for type 2 diabetes, phenelzine (Nardil) for depression, and metoprolol (Lopressor) and furosemide (Lasix) for hypertension. The woman is requesting dextromethorphan for the treatment of a recurrent cough. What component of her drug regimen contraindicates the use of dextromethorphan? Selected Answer: Phenelzine (Nardil) Federal legislation dictates a lengthy and rigorous process of testing for new drugs. What is the primary purpose of this testing process? Selected Answer: To ensure the safety of the public A 70-year-old man who enjoys good health began taking low-dose aspirin several months ago based on recommendations that he read in a magazine article. During the man's most recent visit to his care provider, routine blood work was ordered and the results indicated an unprecedented rise in the man's serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. How should a nurse best interpret these findings? Selected Answer: The man may be experiencing nephrotoxic effects of aspirin A Nurse Practitioner who provides care on an acute medicine unit has frequently recommended the use of nicotine replacement gum for patients who express a willingness to quit smoking during their admission or following their discharge. For which of the following patients would nicotine gum be contraindicated? Selected A patient with a history of angina who experienced a non-ST
- Question^92 1 out of 1 points - Question^93 1 out of 1 points - Question^94 1 out of 1 points - Question^95 1 out of 1 points - Question^96 1 out of 1 points - Question^97 1 out of 1 points Answer: wave myocardial infarction A Nurse Practitioner is caring for a patient who has been diagnosed with hypothyroidism. Levothyroxine (Synthroid) has been prescribed. Before the drug therapy is started, the nurse will assess for which of the following? Selected Answer: History of taking anticoagulant drugs The APRN is treating a 56 year old male with diagnosed atrial fibrillation. He is complaining of being light headed. His vital signs are BP 100/68 HR 144 RR 22. The best choice of medication to treat this patient is: Selected Answer: 4. Beta blocker such as Metoprolol The APRN would use what class of medication to manage COPD? Selected Answer: Short-acting and long acting inhaled beta2 agonists A patient is admitted to the emergency department with severe chest pain. The emergency department physician orders intravenous nitroglycerin 5 mcg/min, titrate dose by 5 mcg/min every 3 to 5 minutes per infusion pump as needed. Before administering the nitroglycerin, the nurse should prioritize which of the following assessments? Selected Answer: Blood pressure An unconscious patient has been brought to the hospital, and the Nurse Practitioner has prescribed a life-saving drug to be administered parenterally. Which of the following methods would be the most appropriate for the nurse to use when administering the medication? Selected Answer: Intravenous infusion. A Nurse Practitioner has been following a male patient who is taking hydralazine, clonidine, and a diuretic for hypertension. After 2 weeks of medication therapy, the
