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Nutrition and Metabolism: Exam Questions and Answers, Exams of Metabolic Nutrition

Weber State UniversityMetabolic Nutrition

A comprehensive set of questions and answers covering key concepts in nutrition and metabolism. topics include fatty acid synthesis and oxidation, cholesterol metabolism, lipoprotein function, amino acid metabolism, and the metabolic responses to fasting and exercise. it's a valuable resource for students studying biochemistry, nutrition, or related fields.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 05/13/2025

SERENAWILLIAMS
SERENAWILLIAMS 🇺🇸

529 documents

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Nutrition Metabolism FNDH 620 Exam 2 |
100% Correct | Verified | 2025/2026
Version
What are the most prevalent saturated fatty acids in the average US diet? - ✔✔palmitic and stearic acid
What is formed when fatty acids are oxidized in the mitochondria? - ✔✔acetyl CoA
What are the primary sites of fatty acid synthesis? - ✔✔liver and fat cells
Where does fatty acid synthesis from acetyl-CoA occur? - ✔✔cytosol
What is needed for lipid and cholesterol biosynthesis? - ✔✔acetyl-CoA from the mitochondria needs to
move into the cytoplasm
What is the first step in fatty acid synthesis? - ✔✔Synthesis of malonyl-CoA by acetyl-CoA carboxylase
What is the normal product of the fatty acid synthase? - ✔✔palmitate
Which fatty acid is considered essential and must be supplied by the diet?
A. a-linolenic acid
B. Linoleic acid
C. y-linolenic acid
D. Arachidonic acid
E. A and B - ✔✔a-linolenic acid and linoleic acid
How much cholesterol does the human body build each day? - ✔✔700mg
Cholesterol is the precursor of the following except:
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Nutrition Metabolism FNDH 620 Exam 2 |

100% Correct | Verified | 2025/

Version

What are the most prevalent saturated fatty acids in the average US diet? - ✔✔palmitic and stearic acid What is formed when fatty acids are oxidized in the mitochondria? - ✔✔acetyl CoA What are the primary sites of fatty acid synthesis? - ✔✔liver and fat cells Where does fatty acid synthesis from acetyl-CoA occur? - ✔✔cytosol What is needed for lipid and cholesterol biosynthesis? - ✔✔acetyl-CoA from the mitochondria needs to move into the cytoplasm What is the first step in fatty acid synthesis? - ✔✔Synthesis of malonyl-CoA by acetyl-CoA carboxylase What is the normal product of the fatty acid synthase? - ✔✔palmitate Which fatty acid is considered essential and must be supplied by the diet? A. a-linolenic acid B. Linoleic acid C. y-linolenic acid D. Arachidonic acid E. A and B - ✔✔a-linolenic acid and linoleic acid How much cholesterol does the human body build each day? - ✔✔700mg Cholesterol is the precursor of the following except:

A. Estrogens B. Glucocorticoids C. Bile acids D. Vitamin D E. Phospholipids - ✔✔E. Phospholipids What is the most active site of lipid digestion? - ✔✔upper jejunum The main function of the lipoprotein is: A. To facilitate lipid digestion B. To protect against CVD C. To act as the carrier of lipids D. To provide energy E. All of the above - ✔✔C. To act as the carrier of lipids What is the main component of an HDL molecule? - ✔✔protein How do the chylomicrons enter the vein? - ✔✔via lymphatic system LDL-cholesterol is often termed "bad cholesterol" because it has been linked to atherogenic fatty plaque formation. (T/F) - ✔✔True Trans unsaturated fatty acids are now considered more atherogenic than saturated fatty acids because they: A. are unnatural and only formed during fat processing B. cause excess blood clotting C. elevate serum LDL while decreasing HDL D. are saturated completely - ✔✔C. elevate serum levels while decreasing HDL

Enzymes: A. decrease the free energy change of a reaction B. increase the activation energy of a reaction C. decrease transition energy D. increase the equilibrium constant of a reaction E. none of the above - ✔✔decrease transition energy Collagen contains unique hydroxyglycine and hydroxyproline. (T/F) - ✔✔False It contains hydroxylysine and hydroxyproline. Match the most closely related plasma proteins: A. Albumin B. alpha- 1 - globulins C. alpha- 2 - globulins D. beta-globulins E. gamma-globulins

  1. nonspecific transport protein for fatty acids
  2. inhibitor of elastase to protect against smoke-induced obstructive lung disease.
  3. antibodies
  4. major transport protein for copper - ✔✔A - 1. nonspecific transport protein for fatty acids B - 2. inhibitor of elastase to protect against smoke - induced obstructive lung disease. E - 3. antibodies C - 4. major transport protein for copper What is a non-specific transport protein for fatty acids? - ✔✔Albumin It is an inhibitor of elastase to protect against smoker's induced obstructive lung disease. - ✔✔alpha- 1 - globulins

What class of plasma protein do antibodies belong? - ✔✔gamma-globulins What is the major transport protein for copper? - ✔✔alpha- 2 - globulins A deficiency in which amino acid will result in Kwashiorkor, even though the diet may contain a large amount of protein. - ✔✔tryptophan Which of the following immunity functions is associated with a significant uptake of intact protein occurred in small intestine? A. Passive immunity during infancy B. IgG protects against infection in uteri during neonatal period C. IgA secretes in milk D. IgM responds first to a new antigen E. IgE is responsible for allergy - ✔✔Passive immunity during infancy A patient came to the emergency room complaining of severe abdominal pain. Laboratory analysis revealed high concentrations of dibasic amino acids in the urine. The patient's pain subsided a few hours later after he passed a kidney stone. The most likely diagnosis for this patient is: - ✔✔cystinuria What percent of the circulating amino acids is contributed to protein synthesis? - ✔✔75% In humans, the major role of nitrogen transfer from amino acids into ammonia involves which enzymes?

  • ✔✔glutamate dehydrogenase and transaminases Where is urea synthesized? - ✔✔Liver and kidneys The most branched-chained amino acids (i.g. valine, isoleucine, & leucine) are metabolized in the liver but not in the skeletal muscle. (T/F) - ✔✔False Human body turns over the total body protein at about 10 - 20% (300-400g) each day. (T/F) - ✔✔False

B. muscle glycogen C. Blood glucose D. Plasma fatty acids E. intramuscular triacylglcerides - ✔✔amino acids The predominant use of plasma free fatty acids for energy is at low to moderate intensity exercise and the predominant use of glucose oxidation is at high intensity exercise. (T/F) - ✔✔True What is the most important factor influencing the duration of endurance performance? - ✔✔muscle glycogen stores at the start of exercise Body mass index (BMI) is one way to estimate: A. appropriate weight for height B. actual body adiposity C. body fat distribution D. risk factors associated with obesity E. None of the above - ✔✔appropriate weight for height In the reference of men and women, what percent of body weight is fat? - ✔✔15% for men 27% women To prevent overweight and benefit for health, you need to exercise regularly and make smart choices from: A. less fat diet B. less carbohydrate diet C. less protein diet D. less total calories - ✔✔less total calories