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NYC TATTOO LICENCE TEST (TATTOO LICENCE TEST NYC) NEW UPDATE WITH
100 % CORRECT SOLUTIONS!!
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) - ANSWER The last stage of infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which most often results in severe damage to the body's immunse system
Applicator - ANSWER A term referring to either single-use and reusable spatula or similar devices
Antiseptic - ANSWER A chemical agent that destroys or inhibits microorganisms on skin or tissue and has an effect of limiting optimally preventing infection
Autoclave - ANSWER Equipment used for the sterilization of heat resistant instruments
Bacteria - ANSWER Microscopic organisms that are too small to be visible to the naked eye. They are capable of causing infection when a person is exposed to them under certain circumstances, such as through abraded skin (eg. staphylococci, streptococci)
Bacterial Spores - ANSWER Some microorganisms are able to survive in very harsh conditions by enveloping themselves with this thick wall. They make bacteria highly resistant to killing. If they are introduced to the body where conditions become more favorable — when there's more water or more food available — the bacteria "come to life" again, transforming from a spore back to a vegetative cell that can cause serious infection. They can be destroyed by sterilization only
Blood borne infections - ANSWER Infections caused by viruses found in the blood such as hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Body Fluids - ANSWER Fluids normally present in the body such as blood, mucous, sweat, oil, saliva, urine, ooze from a festering sore, or tears. They may contain
infectious organisms.
Cleaning - ANSWER Refers to the process of removing blood, other body fluids, organic material, tissue, and dirt from the surface of an object by scrubbing with a brush, detergent and water. It greatly reduces the number of microorganisms (including bacterial endospores) on items and is a crucial step in processing. If items haven't first been cleaned, further processing might not be effective.
Contamination - ANSWER A disinfected or sterile item or surface that becomes soiled with microorganisms
Cross-contamination - ANSWER The transfer of microorganisms from one surface to another or from something contaminated to something clean or sterile
Detergent - ANSWER A substance that enhances the cleaning action of water (preferably warm/hot) or another liquid.
Disinfectant - ANSWER A chemical agent that destroys microorganisms, but does not necessarily kill all microbial forms on inanimate objects
Disinfection - ANSWER A process that destroys or kills some, but not all, disease-producing microorganism on an object or surface. (Does not kill spores)
Gloves - ANSWER Protective equipment that must be worn to protect against exposure to blood and other potentially infectious materials. Disposable gloves are single use that are disposed after each use. Most popular are made from latex, but hypo-allergenic gloves, glove liners, powder less gloves, or other alternatives are available for those allergic,
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) - ANSWER Infection of the liver, can cause a life long infection, cirrhosis (scarring), cancer, liver failure, death. Takes 6 weeks to 6 months to produce infection when the virus enters the body
Mucous membrane - ANSWER Sheets of tissue that line various openings of the body such as the mouth, nose, eyes, or genitals
Pathogen - ANSWER Microorganism that can cause disease in humans
Regulated infectious waste - ANSWER All waste, visibly dripping with blood that could potentially be contaminated with disease causing microorganisms, presents a recognized infectious hazard to waste disposal workers and environment if appropriate precautions are not used
Reusable - ANSWER Instrument designated by manufacturer as suitable for reprocessing and reuse.
Sharps - ANSWER Any article that can pierce the skin and cause punctures or cuts. Needles and disposable razors
Single use - ANSWER Instrument or gloves labeled for one use only, to be discarded after use
Stencil - ANSWER Single use paper stencil
Sterile gloves - ANSWER Single use that are sterile at time of use, package labels them as sterile
Sterilization - ANSWER Process that destroys all forms of microbial life including the most resistant forms (ie bacterial spores by heat, chemicals, or gases)
Standard precautions - ANSWER Work practices that require everyone to assume that blood and body fluids are a potential source of infection, independent of perceived risk. Protective barriers and safe workspace practices and safe disposal of body substances and soiled material
Tattoo - ANSWER Mark on the body of person made with indelible ink or pigments injected beneath outer layer of skin/ or to make such a mark
Tattooist - ANSWER Person who applies tattoo on body of another person
Virus - ANSWER Microorganism that is smaller than bacteria and reproduces inside human cells and may cause infection. They can survive for hours or days on inanimate surfaced and can be transferred into the body through abraded skin
Documented Risk of Infection Following Tattooing - ANSWER Besides viral diseases HIV HCV and HBV, warts, toxic shock syndrome, tuberculosis, inoculation leprosy, and molluscum contagiousum
Skin disorders - ANSWER Body may form bumps called granulomas around tattoo particles especially with red ink, raised excessive scarring (keloids)
Shop zones - ANSWER Seperate function specific client zone for tattooing and cleaning sterilizing area with washing sink and holding basins for disinfection and sterilization (once a day on sink) movement of instruments and equipment from dirty to sterile to clean
Shop requirements - ANSWER Hot and cold water, hand washing and utility sink, cabinets and storage that is dry and clean, sufficient bench space, public washrooms
Instruments - ANSWER Reusable instruments should be smooth, non corrosive, and constructed of heat resistant materials for sterilization ie stainless steel
Machines - ANSWER Foot operated, ultrasonic cleaning device to clean instruments does not sterilize or disinfect, prevents injuries with sharp objects Steam or dry heat sterilizer for sterilization No touching of office equipment during treatment procedures, plastic sheath for use of equipment during procedures
Cleaning sink preparation with warm water and detergent Clean instruments with friction or use ultrasonic cleaning device Drain water and rinse cleaned instruments Dry and store cleaned instruments in container until disinfection and sterilization Remove gloves and wash and hang dry Wash hands
Ultrasonic cleaners - ANSWER High frequency high energy sound waves dislodge material do not sterilize or disinfect
High risk instruments - ANSWER Penetration of sterile or mucosal with a sharp instrument Tattooing procedures Accidental breaks of skin CLEAN AND STERILIZE Intermediate clean dry and disinfect such as mani pedis Low risk hairdressing clean and dry
Disinfection - ANSWER Items and equipment and surfaces should be cleaned before disinfection Only used when equipment or environment is contaminated with blood or body substance, Disinfectants can become easily contaminated. Disinfectants should be EPA registered, manufacturer should give MSDS material safety data sheet Rinse in distilled water
Non Critical items (disinfection) - ANSWER May come into contact with intact skin used for routine housekeeping
Rarely contaminated with body fluid like chair and table, detergent and warm water Items contaminated with body fluid like dirty instrument tray, motor frame, tattoo chuck or clamp, pump packs, spray bottle, low level disinfectants like quarts or 3% hydrogen peroxide Wet paper towel, wipe clean with disinfectant and allow for sufficient time
Semi Critical items (disinfection) - ANSWER Come into contact with mucous membranes or non-intact skin or hold sterile item Intermediate and high level disinfectants for items that cannot soak 70% isopropyl alcohol or 1 part bleach 10 parts water wiped and air dried Items capable of being soaked High level disinfectants 2% gluteraldehyde or 6% hydrogen peroxide , soaked in disinfectant for recommended time
Critical items (disinfection) - ANSWER Tattoo needles, sterile items Purchased sterile or sterilized in steam or heat dry Chemicals that sterilize not recommended because of difficult monitoring
Low Level disinfectant - ANSWER Quaternary ammonium (quats) or some phenols/ hydrogen peroxide For non critical items some bacteria and viruses like herpes HBV HCV and HIV Doesn't kill tuberculosis fungi or spores DONT USE FOR DISINFECTING INSTRUMENTS
Intermediate Level disinfectant - ANSWER 70% isopropyl alcohol, bleach, iodine solutions Kills microorganisms for low disinfectants plus fungi, doesn't kill tuberculosis or spores Burns skin and stains fabric 1 part bleach and 10 parts water prepared daily not good for metal instruments because corrosion
Package in autoclave peel down bags Chemically treated tape or thermal indicator Load sterilizer evenly Set dials Remove items when dry Store in clean dry place SPORE TEST AUTOCLAVE MONTHLY
Heat sensitive chemical indicator strips (sterilization) - ANSWER Change color with heat for autoclave to test for errors, used on outside wrapping and the inside of each part places in the autoclave
Biological indicators (sterilization) - ANSWER During instrument sterilization to monitor steam sterilization , spore strips or vials placed in center of load during regular cycle
Sterilization monitoring - ANSWER Autoclave with gauges to measure time temperature and pressure, viewed during process to ensure correct readings Service records to be logged
Storage of sterilized items - ANSWER Sealed in original package until right before use Clean dry area Single instruments from package of multiple should be removed with sterilized forceps and package must be sterilized again Torn/wet packages should not be used Don't handle packages frequently
Asepsis - ANSWER Wash hands and wear gloves Tools above waist level Environmental objects clean eg cord
Change objects if contamination occurs, watch activity closely
Handwashing - ANSWER Before and after encounters or when work is interrupted, change gloves whenever contamination occurs
Information to client, consent and records - ANSWER Customer informed of risk Pregnant people and people with allergies consult physician 18+ Consent form with name age address address date performed Records to be kept in case of infectious problem they will protect you
Client procedure area - ANSWER Clean and tidy Items within reach Leak/puncture proof washable containers with lid labeled dirty instruments for cleaning and sterilization Covered surfaces that may need to be touched like spray bottles and ink single use plastic bags so only nozzles are exposed Light fittings and power pack controls with cling film Dispense liquids in single use containers with single use spatulas Single use wipes or tissues, spray bottles and ink with sterile plastic wraps Sterile items to be opened in front of client Solder sterile needles onto sterile needle bars with lead free solder and clean to remove flux residue, after soldering sterilize in autoclave
Skin Prep - ANSWER Client needs skin clean and free from infection Antiseptic to clean and disinfect skin before tattoo, 70% isopropyl or .5 to 4% chlorhexidine or 1% iodine Apply with clean disposable cloth or disposable sterile swab Wait 2 minutes between disinfecting skin and penetrating skin
Store seperate until disposal accessible to authorized employees
Non infectious waste - ANSWER Removed daily in suitable trash receptacle
Health and safety of workplace - ANSWER Adequate staff training in hygiene and infection control Maintenance of equipment
Blood borne pathogen precaution BBP - ANSWER All bodily fluids should be treated as if they are infectious at all times Immunization, hand washing, protective barriers ie gloves, prevention of needle injuries, cleaning of blood spills
Exposure to bodily fluid steps - ANSWER Wash intact skin with soap and water Non intact skin — flush with warm water and liquid soap, cover with waterproof dressing Notify physician ideally within 2 hrs possibility for emergency prophylaxis to prevent HBV or HIV mucous membrane exposure, mouth eyes nose — Rinse eyes with warm water or saline Spit and rinse mouth and repeat Notify physician ibid
Immunization - ANSWER Vaccines advised 3 injections for HBV
FIrst aid - ANSWER First aid kit CPR and management of burns and eye injuries Infection control training
Bleeding - ANSWER Single use gloves
Direct pressure with dry sterile dressing Additional dressing or bandage if it continues Medical assistance if needed Dispose of dressing and instruments properly Wash hands Clean and disinfect if spillage occurs
