OCPP NAO Volume 4 End of Volume Tests 2025, Exams of Ophthalmology

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OCPP NAO Volume 4 End of Volume Tests

What type of device is considered the earliest type of vision aid for reading? - ANSWER-A fluid filled Vessel ype of eyeglasses had short, stiff sidepieces ending in a circular ring that pressed against the temples of the head just above the ears - ANSWER Temple Spectacles Which frame style used a “C” spring bridge to hold the eyewear in place? - ANSWER-Pince-Nez In what year did machine manufacturing of eyeglass frames occur? - ANSWER-1830 What plastic replaced cellulose nitrate for the making of eyeglass frames? - ANSWER Cellulose Acetate What drove the fashion trends of the later half of the 20th century? - ANSWER Influences of fashion designers What effect did Armani’s Affiliation with luxottica have on the eyewear market in the 1990’s - ANSWER helped the cyewcar market Lo sce eyewear as a fashion accessory instead ifa medical device What is a bushing tool used for?- ANSWER-To cushion a drilled lens from the mounting screw All of the following frame materials are hypoallergenic except - ANSWER-Monel According to the text, A is something that springs into our culture and disappears almost as quickly after a short period of time - ANSWE-Trend What two factors primarily drive technical eyewear trends - ANSWER-Consumer need and wants, and technology's ability to produce the product What effect did Johannes Gutenberg’s Printing press have in eyewear - ANSWER It created a demand for reading glasses since many more people had access to reading material Another term that might be used for eyewear “wants” is - ANSWERDesi where do fashion trends in modern eyewear usually come from?- ANSWEF-Retail strongholds like apparel Which of the following people is not a Iashion designer who created cyewcar designs in the 1970's - ANSWER Sophia Loren Often associated with sunwear, The word uber means - ANSWEFChuge Why do fashion designers see eyewear as an important entry point to consumers? - ANSWER- Because its affordable Which of the folowing Lrends to lead the trends for ophthalmic eyewear frame styles? - ANSWER-Sunwear Which is not a correc tement about branded eyewear - ANSWEF- Brands Identify a practice as expensive and el Why is it important to fit a frame comfortably at the time of delivery - ANSWERTE it is uncomfortable, the patient will stop wearing it Which of the following words is not consistent with consultative dispensing - ANSWER Persuading Which of the following is a patient “want” in relation to a new pair of eve glasses they are buying - ANSWER-fashionable frame Why is it easier to obtain “needs” information than it is “wants” information - ANSWER Most people don’l Know what they really want Why is one pair of eyeglasses not cnough for most pauicnis - ANSWER-Becausc most people have a widely diverse life style What is the most logical second pair of glasses for people to buy? - ANSWER Sunglasses What portion of the UV spectrum is not harmful to the eye- ANSWERUV-C Complete the following sentence: Protection from potential eye damage is not a luxury, it is a- ANSWERMedical Nece: Which Patient group needs sunwear the most - ANSWER everyone A is a short. memorable statement that places specific ideas in the mind of the patient - ANSWER-Sound Bite Why do many ear care professionals recommend only one pair of glasses - ANSWER They have prejudges and decided the patient can’t afford the second pair Tf you have a new office and wish to estimate the mix of frames to inventory, a good place to find data is - ANSWER-The U.S. census Buying products based on lower, lower-middle, middle, upper-middle, or upper income groups is known as - ANSWER positioning Which of the following groups is willing to try new trends but prefers to follow high profile personalities in their fashion statements - ANSWER Early adopters Complete the sentence: Becoming familiar with the other extensions of a designer brand and how they are positioned in other retail setlings will help you - ANSWER-position in your dispensary What is tho recommended maximum number of frame vendors you should buy from - ANSWER-8 How do branded eyewear products heighten the buying experience - ANSWER they appeal to the emotions of the buyer What happens if you don’t buy deep enough into the brand - ANSWER Patients will not get the brand message you wanted to convey To relieve the pressure causing soreness at the front edge of the nose pads, a good adjustment would be - ANSWER-Decrease the flare of the pads If the pads are bent down and the pads are realigned, this adjustment will - ANSWER raise the front Tf the left temple is angled down, this adjustment will - ANSWER-Raise the left side of the front If the pad arms are shortened, this adjustment will - ANSWER-Bring the front in closer If the pads are brought closer together, this adiustment will: - ANSWER Raise the front Tf the left temple is angled out, this adjustment will: - ANSWER-Bring the left side of front toward the left eye Torelieve tension on both ears, a good adjustment would be to - ANSWER lengthen both tomples The plier best used for adjustment of end piece is the - ANSWER wide angle cnd picce plier Which of the following is not a recommended part of a basic framo-adjusting tool kil? - ANSWER -Bridge widening pliers What is another term for standard alignment - ANSWE-bench alignment for frames with adjustable guard arms, to lower the frame, the pads - ANSWER raise how much pantoscopic tilt should a properly fitting pair of glasses have in most cases? ANSWER degrees What is of the frame he first thing to consider when fitting a frame to a patient's face - ANSWER-The width In most cases, how much flare should properly fitted temples have - ANSWER-2 degrees What is the only adjustment possible with the notepads of plastic frames - ANSWER Widening their flare What should you do if the overall lemple length appears correct but the bend is nol in the correct location - ANSWER Adjust the bend position The smaller the evewire the ____ the lenses will be. - ANSWER-thinner Which is the correct statement concerning light waves that are more than 20 feet from their source - ANSWER-they have flat wave front What is the range of visible wavelengths the human cyc is sonsitive lo - ANSWER-380nm to 760mm Which of the following occurs to the greatest degree when light encounters a lens surface - ANSWEF-Transmitted Each layer of a modern AR treatment is composed of a different material of either - ANSWER silicon dioxide or a metal oxide How do modern AR lenses prevent crazing of the AR treatment on plastic lenses - ANSWER-A special hard coating is used that acts as a transition between the glass like AR treatment and the plastic lens Which of the following methods are used to place a hard coating on a plastic lens - ANSWER- spinning, dipping How thick is the hard coating used on plastic lenses?- ANSWER to 4 microns A rainbow like visual effect that can occur when an AR treatment is not properly index matched to the lens material it is coating upon is known as - ANSWER-Newtons fringes The thickness of an AR coating must be__ wavelength of the color in the spectrum it is alicmpling Lo reflect in order Lo be offoclive - ANSWER-1/4 Ancfleclive AR treatment climinatcs whal percentage of lons surface refleclions - ANSWER. 89% What is the life expectancy of modern AR lenses - ANSWER-The life of the average prescription How can an ECP know that an AR lens is tough enough for patient use? - ANSWER-If the lens passes the requirements of federal regulation CFR 801.410 All of the following are features of modern AR treatments except - ANSWER non-electrical conducting An AR lens that repels oily deposits like facial oils and fingerprints is said to have properties - ANSWER-Oleophobic Ifan AR lens beads water well, what property is it exhibiting? - ANSWER-Hydrophobiec Hard coating is the lens defense to__scratching problems: All of its - ANSWEF-mild to moderate Which AR treatment property is needed duc Lo the triboclectric offeer? - ANSWER-Anti-stalic Lion find about AR What did a study reported by the journal of the American Optometric Associa lenses - ANSWER-That they help drivers by reducing the day time and night time glare Which of the following is a correct statement about the findings in the university of Wales College of Cardiff study that investigated a patients recovery time to a dazzling bright ight source with AR lensos - ANSWER-Myapcs showed a 50% improvement According to stetson, how much more light does a 65 vear old need in relation to an 18 year old - ANSWER-3.0 times What did Kirkland and Copeland study conclude - ANSWER-That AR lenses can be used for post cataract patient with intra-ocular lenses to g. + them maximum light and a decrease in glare transmission following surgery is designed to determine the extent to which an AR treatment will recover following increases in temperature in a non humid, dry heat environment - ANSWER-the craze/heal test Which test mechanically rubs the lens using a 3 Ib weight? - ANSWER-The anti static test What does the Bayer test assess - ANSWER The AR treatments resistance to scratching Which of the following is not a test used in the RLS test series conducted by COLTS laboratories - ANS WER-The delimitation test What causes high contact angle measurement - ANSWERhigh surface tension Why is it important for the ECP to read the materials the manufacturer produces about their AR produels - ANSWER-It contains information and claims that will help assess the [cauures and benefits of the products How much brighter can outdoor light be than indoor light - ANSWER-25 Times Which type of glare is best managed by AR lenses- ANSWER-distracting What year were photochromic lenses first released - ANSWER 1962 Whal reverses a pholochromic lens from dark to light - ANSWEF-hcat which photochromic lens manufacturing process distributes the photochromic molecules through the lens - ANSWER-In-mass What is the major feature of the drive wear lens - ANSWER they activate behind the windshield of the car What is the range of electromagnetic radiations the eye is sensitive to - ANSWER 380-760 NM How would you categorize a wavelength that was 295 NM - ANSWERTUVB What types of UV radiation cause sunbum - ANSWERTUVA and UVB A superticial and painful inflammation of the cornea is know as - ANSWER-Photokeratitis Which of the following is the third leading cause of blindness world wide - ANSWER-ARMD Which of the following is mostly absorbed by the crystalline lens - ANSWERTVA how much UV radiation passes through a childs crystalline lens to the retina? - ANSWER-75% In the NHANES study, what was the determined to be one of the most important independent epidemiologic factors - ANSWER-UV cxposure What itom docs a "wrap" sland for in the slip, slop, slap and wrap slogan used in Ansiralia - ANSWER-sunglasses Why is it important to have the patient activate their new photochromic lenses using a UV demonstration unit - ANSWERIt reminds them of the immediate benefits they will experience with their le: What does the text suggest that you might say when a patient states that photochromic lenses cost too much or that they cannot afford them - ANSWER Review the products features and benefits again in order too satisfy a pationts “what's in il for me" reaction when you mention a preducls features you should always follow with a products - ANSWEF-benefits is the key to eyesore professionals to help patients understand the recommends they make - ANSWER patient education Why is it a good idea Lo provide local newspapers with arlicles - ANSWER-they help establish you as a local expert When the vibration of a light is restricted to a single plane, the transmitted light is said to be - ANSWER-plane polarized materials that best produce polarized light by reflections is called- ANSWER-d the specified angle of incidence which causes polarized light is called - ANSWER-Brewsters angle When manufacturing polarized lenses, after the polyvinyl alcohol sheets are heated and otched, they are passed through a weak solution of - ANSWER-iodine Polarized lenses are available in all of the following materials except - ANSWER-none of the above the manufacturing method that involves heating a lens blank is called - ANSWER drop or sag molding The color which provides excellent contrast and improves visual acuity and depth perception is - ANSWER-brown The color which provides high contrast and filters out blue light while reducing other visible light is- ANSWEF-brown One of the advantages of polarized lenses, is they lighten and darken according to the surrounding conditions - ANSWE-false photochromic polarized lenses are now available on the market - ANSWER true The polarizing filter is oriented___Degrees to the angle of the glare- ANSWER-90 who would bencfil. te mast from polarized lenses - ANSWEF-all of the above The best way for patients Lo understand the benelils of polarized lonses is - ANSWEF-hands on determination The secret to selling any premium product is and eve catching display - ANSWER-true Basketball is in which of the following categories of sports eye injury to risk to the unprotected player - ANSWER-high risk Which of the following ASTM eye protectors is reccomended for tennis - ANSWER-ASTM 803 The ANSI z-87.1 high impact pointed projectile weighing states that a frame shall be capable of resisting impact from a Og dropped from a height of - ANSWER-a0 inches A protector marked with “d" indicates that it provides - ANSWER chemical splash and dust protection The term low vision means - ANSWE}-vision which is inadequate for the needs of an individual and which cannot be improved by medical or surgical treatment or eyewear The estimated low vision population of the United Statcs has increased from 9,000,000 1a 11,000,000 in 2004 Lo aboul. 14,000,000 in 2014 - ANSWER truc legal blindness is goncrally identificd when a persons best corrected acnily is - ANSWER. 20/200 or less an example of functional low vision problems can include - ANSWEF-all of the above in addition to reduced visual acuity. a person with low vision may have reduced visual files of - ANSWER-20 degrees or less Legally blind categories fall into which categories - ANSWER-all of the above Ifa practitioner doesn't have a low vision chart for testing, what may be done to test the low vision patient - ANSWER reduce the distance at which the patient is tested hereditary diseases account for __of impaired vision in the United States up to the age of 21 years old - ANSWER-69% Central vision loss may be monitored by the patient at home with the use of a__ after explaining how to use it- ANSWER amsler grid An example of the first methods for correction minor low vision difficulties is - ANSWER-all of the above When using magnification as the method of correction, what is the reason NOT to use the highest magnification possible - ANSWER the higher the magnification, generally the smaller the field of view a +8.00 dioptor lens would produce a magnification of - ANSWER-2 limes What is the only type of vision correction available for distant viewing for the low vision patient. - ANSWER telescope Ifa patients best corrected acuity is 20/200 in both eyes and you wish to have them view near at 20/40, what power magnification would you have them use - ANSWER-OX A Hand held microscope is a simple ANSWER to low vision problems. However, it requires some education for the patient to use it correctly. Therefor, it is important to explain it to your patient - ANSWER-The closer the magnifier is lo Lhe abject, the smaller it becomes