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OHIO GXMO EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2025 | ALL QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) | LATEST
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Radiographic contrast is defined as the ---------CORRECT ANSWER--------- --------grayness in areas (black and white) The best practice in reference to a patient's medical condition? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------exams should be performed only after careful consideration of the patient's health needs Atomic particle that orbits nucleus and has negative charge? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------electrons According to the NCRP the longest amount of exposure allowed to radiation worker? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------50 mSv (5 rem or 5,000 mrem) System responsible for moving the x-ray film through the various chemical solution in radiographic film. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------xray developer If patient has right arm pain, x-ray order is of left arm you should. --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------contact ordering physician to verify
Spatial resolution will decrease if. ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- reduction in size of image matrix Technique chart that selects optimum KvP setting for penetrating a particular body part with lowest dose. ---------CORRECT ANSWER------------ -----fixed You increase the probability of static electricity artifacts on image when. ---- -----CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Rough handling or friction Low humidity --> common in cold, dry climates Traveling between the cathode and anode in x-ray you find. --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------electron To little mAs will produce noisy (grainy) image ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------mottle Extension cones, , cylinders, aperture diagrams, collimator are used in radiographic imaging to. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------reduce the number of off focus x-rays that interact with the patient and expose the film. Radiation effects that impact patient offspring. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------may increase the risk of cancer in the offspring, especially at radiation doses > 0.1 Gy, which are well above typical doses received in diagnostic radiology
Rule that governs relative radiosensitive of body tissue based on metabolic activity? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------The law of Bergonie and Tribondeau Which of the following cells is the MOST radiosensitive? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------erythroblasts FORMULA FOR DOSE LIMIT ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- 10 mSv x your age Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- cells are most sensitive to radiation when they are immature, undifferentiated, and rapidly dividing Occupational Dose Limits ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------50 mSv (5 rem) per year, and 100 mSv (10 rem) in 5 years Who discovered x-rays? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen Ionization can result in what type of damage? ---------CORRECT ANSWER- ----------------Biological Damage body build is tall and slender; organs are longer and narrower in shape; organs are located lower in the abdominal cavity. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------asthenic body habitus
When were x-rays discovered? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- November 8, 1895 in Germany What are the 3 Cardinal Principals of radiation protection? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Maximize distance, maximize shielding, minimize time What is Erythema? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Reddening of the skin What is Anemia? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Decrease of oxygen in blood, low blood count What is Leukopenia? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Low WBC count What is epilation? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Loss of hair What is collimation? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Limits the size/area of the x-ray beam What is a proton? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Positively charged, in nucleus of atom
What is radiolucent? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Sees through A special mechanism that stops tube movement at a specific location is? --- ------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Detent What device receives the energy of the x-ray beam and forms the image of the body part? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Image Receptor What type of cassette containing film receives x-ray beam? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Film based What is a latent image? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A hidden image What type of cassette containing a phosphor plate receives the x-ray beam? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Computed Radiography In CR, the phosphor plate will be scanned by a? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Laser What does the collimator do? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Limits the size of the radiation field
What does kVp control? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------The penetrating ability of the x-rays What does mAs control? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------The quantity of x-rays produced What is attenuation? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Absorption of the x-ray beam within the patients body What material absorbs a high percentage of radiation? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Lead What is the anode? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Positive charged, contains the target and is heated to produce thermionic emission of electrons What is the cathode? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Negative charged, contains the small/large filaments within a focusing cup 99% of the energy of the electrons striking the target is converted into? ----- ----CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Heat What rotates during exposure? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Anode
Increasing the SID will result in? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- A lower patient dose What is the overall "blackness" of the image? ---------CORRECT ANSWER- ----------------Density What has the greatest radiographic density? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-- ---------------Detail What represents the lowest mAs setting? ---------CORRECT ANSWER------- ----------Density The low mAs setting used with high speed intensifying screens can result in ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------quantum mottle What is the radiosensitive material that receives the remnant beam and forms an image of the body part? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Image Receptor What is the invisible image contained in film prior to processing? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Latent image Fluroscopy is? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------The moving x-ray and pt swallows barium sulfate
The purpose of intensifying screens is to reduce or decrease the amount of? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Exposure required to produce an image When using intensifying scrreens, what percent of the image is actually formed by light? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------99%. Higher speed screens are made of? ---------CORRECT ANSWER------------- ----Thicker phosphor layer and an increase of crystal size Pairing a green light emitting screen phosphor with a film sensative to green light is? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Spectral Matching What is an artifact? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Unwanted marks or images appearing on an x-ray Using a higher screen speed and decreased mAs will result in --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Increased quantum mottle What is the purpose of the film cassette? ---------CORRECT ANSWER------- ----------Prevent light from exposing the film, prevent marks from scratching and bending the film, provide support for intensifying screens
What technique chart is used for tissue thickness calipers to measure the part? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Fixed kVp chart, Variable kVp chart What does grid cutoff mean? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- primary radiation removed by a grid if used incorrectly What is the traditional unit of absorbed dose? ---------CORRECT ANSWER- ----------------RAD SI unit of the absorbed dose ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Gray Tradition unit of exposure in air ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Roentgen Traditional unit of radiation equivalent ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------- ------rem SI unit of radiation equivalent ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Seivert Traditional unit used to denote pts dose ---------CORRECT ANSWER--------- --------RAD
Traditional unit used to denote operator dose ---------CORRECT ANSWER- ----------------rem Dose in RAD multiplied by a quality factor gives the dose in.. --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------rem Gray equals 100 ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------RAD 1 Seivert equals 100 ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------rem SI unit of exposure in air ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Coulombs/kg Average annual dose from background radiation ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------0. Cumulative dose limit for 50 year old radiation worker ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------50 rem Annual dose limit for the general public ---------CORRECT ANSWER--------- --------0.1 rem Total equivalent dose for the embryo/fetus during gestation --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------0.5 rem
Stationary Grid ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Permanent, this is inside of the table and has a ratio of 8:1 - 12:1. What needs a bucky? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Trunk and 80 kVp. Lung and 120 kVp. Compton ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Collides with OUTER orbital electron and scatters. 40-125 kVp Coherent ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Below 10 kVp Initial or Primary Radiation ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Bremmstrahlung or Characteristic Interacting aka Secondary Radiation ---------CORRECT ANSWER------------- ----Photoelectric, compton, coherent Below 70 kVp, there are no ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- characterisitcs What radiation is in the x-ray tube? ---------CORRECT ANSWER--------------- --Bremmstrahlung and characteristics
Bremmstrahlung ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------has no electrons and hits hard Most harmful ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------photoelectric What is the photoelectric effect? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Incoming energy is an x-ray photon interacting with an atom in the body rather than an electron interacting with the tungsten anode. What is the compton effect? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- occurs at energy levels of 40-125 kVp. The incoming x-ray interacts with an OUTER orbital electron of an atom and removed it from the atom the goes in a different direction. Ion ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------when a neutral atom gains or loses an electron Bremmstrahlung radiation ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------One of two types of x-rays. Brems is created when an electron enters the tungsten anode of the x-ray tube and misses the tungsten electrons and gets near the nucleus. The electron suddenly slows down and deviates. The loss of energy creates an x-ray photon. Remnant radiation ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------What remains of the primary beam after it has been attenuated by matter. Remnant radiation creates the x-ray image.
Grid ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Device that absorbs most of the scatter radiation coming off pt, preventing it from reaching IR. Increases pt exposure. When to use a grid? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- 10 - 12 cm or more in thickness or when kVp greater than 60 Control console panel ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Where the limited operator sets exposure factors and Initiates the exposure Transformer cabinet ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Used to produce high voltage required for X-ray production Principle source of scatter? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------The patient What should the GXMO do before making an exposure? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Perform a safety check. Make sure the X-ray door is closed. No one in X-ray room. Your completely behind Barrier. No other IRs in the exposure area. The source of X-rays? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------In a very small area inside the X-ray tube. Tube is surrounded by ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Lead lined tube housing
Tube housing ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Absorbs some scatter X-rays going in a useful direction exit via the ---------CORRECT ANSWER-- ---------------Tube port X-Rays from tube port form ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- triangular shaped X-ray beam Radiation that leaves the tube: ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Primary radiation Image receptor in film consists of ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Film and film holder IR in computed radiography CR ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Cassette and phosphor plate IR in digital radiography DR ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Imaging plate or phosphor plates that go directly to computer console Artifacts ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Any undesirable densities on the processed image other than those caused by scatter or fog
