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Old Exam 3 Discussion and Answers - Ethnicity in American History II | ES 1202, Exams of Humanities

Material Type: Exam; Professor: Singh; Class: Ethnicity in American History II; Subject: Ethnic Studies; University: California State University-East Bay; Term: Fall 2006;

Typology: Exams

2011/2012

Uploaded on 11/14/2012

noelj-noelj
noelj-noelj 🇺🇸

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Week 3 Discussion and answers
1. What were some of the other racial and ethnic groups with whom Mexican Americans shared their neighborhoods?
(6)
• Chinese, Japanese, other Asians, Russians, Jews, African Americans
2. Name one of the many factors that led to the racial segregation in the eastside barrio in Los Angeles. (5)
• whites moved to western part of city
• restrictive covenants kept “undesirables” out of white
Protestant communities
• European ethnics moved out
• Mexican migrants moved in
• high rents in developing area around plaza pushed Mexicans east
3. Describe the housing conditions and quality of life in the barrio. (7)
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Week 3 Discussion and answers

  1. What were some of the other racial and ethnic groups with whom Mexican Americans shared their neighborhoods? (6)
  • Chinese, Japanese, other Asians, Russians, Jews, African Americans
  1. Name one of the many factors that led to the racial segregation in the eastside barrio in Los Angeles. (5)
  • whites moved to western part of city
    • restrictive covenants kept “undesirables” out of white Protestant communities
  • European ethnics moved out
  • Mexican migrants moved in
  • high rents in developing area around plaza pushed Mexicans east
  1. Describe the housing conditions and quality of life in the barrio. (7)
  • single men often rented single bed in rooming house
  • rooming houses had little furniture besides beds
  • 30-40 men had to share a single tub, a wash bowl, and 1-2 toilets
    • house courts for newly arrived families were barrack-like structures separated by thin wallsèlike stalls for cattle
  • tenants shared outside toilets and water faucets, but no bathing facilities
  • families had one room for sleeping, one for cooking
  • most furniture consisted of boxes
  1. Why did the railroads maintain housing for their employees? (3)
  • make profit by overcharging them on rent
  • kept workers close and easy to re-assign
  • forced them out of their homes to areas with worse housing conditions
  • no efforts were made to find alternative housing for them
    • city officials gave priority to businesses instead of improving living conditions of Mexican Americans, allowing their neighborhoods to deteriorate
  • led to poor health among Mexican Americans, especially tuberculosis
  • infant mortality rate very high
  • ignored by city leaders who promoted growth and white migration to city
  1. How did Anglo newcomers affect the public culture of LA in the early 20th^ century? (5)
  • gave political and social mindset of city a midwestern flavor
  • Protestant worldview
  • adhered to strict codes of “proper behavior,” including temperance
  • used politics to advocate their personal moral beliefs
  • disliked immigrants due to nativism, religion, and tendency to drink alcohol
  1. How did “Americanization” programs in LA play out at this time, and what was the goal of these programs? (5)
  • birth of “100 Per Cent American” movement, to ensure loyalty of immigrants
    • big business took part to combat radicalism among workers, and ensure obedient employees, and fight unionization
    • Americanization responsibilities transferred to California’s Dept. of Education, which saw immigrant traditions as impediments to rapid integration into American life
    • sought to break up groups and assimilate them—destroy their differing cultures
  • Asians seen as “unassimilable” while Mexicans could be assimilated
  • as work became professionalized, it shifted into schools and community centers
  • “go after women and you may save second generation”
  • believed immigrants “are never 100% Americans”
  • by getting to children, they hoped to create employees that were “more dependable and less revolutionary”
  • did not have enough Black and European women to serve as domestic help and wanted to have Mexican women fill that roleèby having fewer children
  1. What were some of the racist assumptions about Mexicans and Mexican culture that these Americanization programs held? (7)
  • Mexicans were lazy and needed to learn “Protestant work ethic”
  • Mexican culture inferior to white American culture
  • immigrants are never really Americans
  • Mexican women limited by their husband’s patriarchyè supposedly unlike white families
  • malnourishment blamed on Mexican food instead of poverty
  • claimed Mexicans were “dirty” and “slovenly”
  • believed Mexican kids could not succeed in school, and they were pushed into special classes for the retarded
  1. List an area of cultural conflict and/or change within the Mexican American family that focused on women or girls, AND occurred after migration and immersion in U.S. culture. (7)
  • dress and appearance of young girls
  • marriage to non-Mexican partner became possible
  • less supervision over young women
  • more sexual experimentation among youth and changes in sexual mores