Download OpenStax Psychology Chapters 1-4 Multiple Choice | 100% Correct Answers 2024 and more Exams Psychology in PDF only on Docsity!
OpenStax Psychology Chapters 1- 4
Multiple Choice | 100% Correct Answers
| Verified | Latest 2024 Version
Which of the following was mentioned as a skill to which psychology students would be exposed? a. critical thinking b. use of the scientific method c. critical evaluation of sources of information d. all of the above - ✔✔D. All of the above Psyche is a Greek word meaning ________. a. essence b. soul c. behavior d. love - ✔✔B. Soul Before psychology became a recognized academic discipline, matters of the mind were undertaken by those in ________. a. biology b. chemistry c. philosophy d. physics - ✔✔C. Philosphy In the scientific method, a hypothesis is a(n) ________.
a. observation b. measurement c. test d. proposed explanation - ✔✔D. Proposed explanation Based on your reading, which theorist would have been most likely to agree with this statement: Perceptual phenomena are best understood as a combination of their components. a. William James b. Max Wertheimer c. Carl Rogers d. Noam Chomsky - ✔✔B. Max Wertheimer
. ________ is most well-known for proposing his hierarchy of needs. a. Noam Chomsky b. Carl Rogers c. Abraham Maslow d. Sigmund Freud - ✔✔c. Abraham Maslow Rogers believed that providing genuineness, empathy, and ________ in the therapeutic environment for his clients was critical to their being able to deal with their problems. a. structuralism b. functionalism c. Gestalt
obedience, nearly ________ of the participants were willing to administer what appeared to be lethal electrical shocks to another person because they were told to do so by an authority figure. a. 1/ b. 2/ c. 3/ d. 4/5 - ✔✔b. 2/
- A researcher interested in what factors make an employee best suited for a given job would most likely identify as a(n) ________ psychologist. a. personality b. clinical c. social d. I-O - ✔✔d. I-O If someone wanted to become a psychology professor at a 4-year college, then s/he would probably need a ________ degree in psychology. a. bachelor of science b. bachelor of art c. master's d. PhD - ✔✔d. PhD The ________ places less emphasis on research and more emphasis on application of therapeutic skills. a. PhD
b. PsyD c. postdoctoral training program d. dissertation - ✔✔b. PsyD Which of the following degrees would be the minimum required to teach psychology courses in high school? a. PhD b. PsyD c. master's degree d. bachelor's degree - ✔✔d. bachelor's deg One would need at least a(n) ________ degree to serve as a school psychologist. a. associate's b. bachelor's c. master's d. doctoral - ✔✔c. master's
- Scientific hypotheses are ________ and falsifiable. a. observable b. original c. provable d. testable - ✔✔d. testable
- ________ are defined as observable realities. a. behaviors
individuals in their natural environments. a. archival research b. case study c. naturalistic observation d. survey - ✔✔c. naturalistic observation The major limitation of case studies is ________. a. the superficial nature of the information collected in this approach b. the lack of control that the researcher has in this approach c. the inability to generalize the findings from this approach to the larger population d. the absence of inter-rater reliability - ✔✔c. the inability to generalize the findings from this approach to the larger population The benefit of naturalistic observation studies is ________. a. the honesty of the data that is collected in a realistic setting b. how quick and easy these studies are to perform c. the researcher's capacity to make sure that data is collected as efficiently as possible d. the ability to determine cause and effect in this particular approach - ✔✔a. the honesty of the data that is collected in a realistic setting
Using existing records to try to answer a research question is known as ________. a. naturalistic observation b. survey research c. longitudinal research d. archival research - ✔✔d. archival research ________ involves following a group of research participants for an extended period of time. a. archival research b. longitudinal research c. naturalistic observation d. cross-sectional research - ✔✔B. longitudinal research A(n) ________ is a list of questions developed by a researcher that can be administered in paper form. a. archive b. case Study c. naturalistic observation d. survey - ✔✔d. survey
- Longitudinal research is complicated by high rates of ________. a. deception b. observation c. attrition
d. it is negative - ✔✔a. it is closest to 0
. ________ means that everyone in the population has the same likelihood of being asked to participate in the study. a. operationalizing b. placebo effect c. random assignment d. random sampling - ✔✔d. random sampling The ________ is controlled by the experimenter, while the ________ represents the information collected and statistically analyzed by the experimenter. a. dependent variable; independent variable b. independent variable; dependent variable c. placebo effect; experimenter bias d. experiment bias; placebo effect - ✔✔b. independent variable; dependent variable Researchers must ________ important concepts in their studies so others would have a clear understanding of exactly how those concepts were defined. a. randomly assign b. randomly select c. operationalize d. generalize - ✔✔c. operationalize
Sometimes, researchers will administer a(n) ________ to participants in the control group to control for the effects that participant expectation might have on the experiment. a. dependent variable b. independent variable c. statistical analysis d. placebo - ✔✔d. placebo
- ________ is to animal research as ________ is to human research. a. informed consent; deception b. IACUC; IRB c. IRB; IACUC d. deception; debriefing - ✔✔b. IACUC; IRB Researchers might use ________ when providing participants with the full details of the experiment could skew their responses. a. informed consent b. deception c. ethics d. debriefing - ✔✔b. deception A person's participation in a research project must be ________. a. confidential b. rewarded c. voluntary
b. Evolutionary psychology c. Epigenetics d. Behavioral neuroscience - ✔✔c. Epigenetics Humans have ________ pairs of chromosomes. a. 15 b. 23 c. 46 d. 78 - ✔✔b. 23 The ________ receive(s) incoming signals from other neurons. a. soma b. terminal buttons c. myelin sheath d. dendrites - ✔✔d. dendrites A(n) ________ facilitates or mimics the activity of a given neurotransmitter system. a. axon b. SSRI c. agonist d. antagonist - ✔✔c. agonist Multiple sclerosis involves a breakdown of the ________. a. soma b. myelin sheath
c. synaptic vesicles d. dendrites - ✔✔b. myelin sheath An action potential involves Na+ moving ________ the cell and K+ moving ________ the cell. a. inside; outside b. outside; inside c. inside; inside d. outside; outside - ✔✔a. inside; outside Our ability to make our legs move as we walk across the room is controlled by the ________ nervous system. a. autonomic b. somatic c. sympathetic d. parasympathetic - ✔✔b. somatic If your ________ is activated, you will feel relatively at ease. a. somatic nervous system b. sympathetic nervous system c. parasympathetic nervous system d. spinal cord - ✔✔c. parasympathetic nervous system The central nervous system is comprised of ________. a. sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous
A(n) ________ uses magnetic fields to create pictures of a given tissue. a. EEG b. MRI c. PET scan d. CT scan - ✔✔b. MRI Which of the following is not a structure of the forebrain? a. thalamus b. hippocampus c. amygdala d. substantia nigra - ✔✔d. substantia nigra The two major hormones secreted from the pancreas are: a. estrogen and progesterone b. norepinephrine and epinephrine c. thyroxine and oxytocin d. glucagon and insulin - ✔✔d. glucagon and insulin The ________ secretes messenger hormones that direct the function of the rest of the endocrine glands. a. ovary b. thyroid c. pituitary
d. pancreas - ✔✔c. pituitary The ________ gland secretes epinephrine. a. adrenal b. thyroid c. pituitary d. master - ✔✔a. adrenal The ________ secretes hormones that regulate the body's fluid levels. a. adrenal b. pituitary c. testes d. thyroid - ✔✔b. pituitary The body's biological clock is located in the ________. a. hippocampus b. thalamus c. hypothalamus d. pituitary gland - ✔✔c. hypothalamus
- ________ occurs when there is a chronic deficiency in sleep. a. jet lag b. rotating shift work c. circadian rhythm d. sleep debt - ✔✔d. sleep debt
________ is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland that plays a role in regulating biological rhythms and immune function. a. growth hormone b. melatonin c. LH d. FSH - ✔✔b. melatonin ________ appears to be especially important for enhanced performance on recently learned tasks. a. melatonin b. slow-wave sleep c. sleep deprivation d. growth hormone - ✔✔b. slow-wave sleep
. ________ is(are) described as slow-wave sleep. a. stage 1 b. stage 2 c. stage 3 and stage 4 d. REM sleep - ✔✔c. stage 3 and stage 4 Sleep spindles and K-complexes are most often associated with ________ sleep. a. stage 1 b. stage 2 c. stage 3 and stage 4 d. REM - ✔✔b. stage 2
Symptoms of ________ may be improved by REM deprivation. a. schizophrenia b. Parkinson's disease c. depression d. generalized anxiety disorder - ✔✔c. depression The ________ content of a dream refers to the true meaning of the dream. a. latent b. manifest c. collective unconscious d. important - ✔✔a. latent ________ is loss of muscle tone or control that is often associated with narcolepsy. a. RBD b. CPAP c. cataplexy d. insomnia - ✔✔c. cataplexy An individual may suffer from ________ if there is a disruption in the brain signals that are sent to the muscles that regulate breathing. a. central sleep apnea b. obstructive sleep apnea c. narcolepsy
