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National Certification Organization
for Opticians
ABO American Board of Opticianry
ABO Master in Ophthalmic Optics
Certification Exam (ABO-M)
Course Title and Number: (ABO-M) Ophthalmic Optics Certification Exam Title: ABO-M Certification Exam Exam Date: Exam 2025- 2026 Instructor: ____ [Insert Instructor’s Name] _______ Student Name: ___ [Insert Student’s Name] _____ Student ID: ____ [Insert Student ID] _____________
Examination
Time: - ____ Hours: ___ Minutes
Instructions:
- Read each question carefully.
- Answer all questions.
- Use the provided answer sheet to mark your responses.
- Ensure all answers are final before submitting the exam.
- Please answer each question below and click Submit when you have completed the Exam.
- This test has a time limit, The test will save and submit automatically when the time expires
- This is Exam which will assess your knowledge on the course Learning Resources.
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Ophthalmic Optics 1 - Exam 1 Review Questions and Answers | 100% Pass Guaranteed | Graded A+ | 2025- ABO-M Master in Ophthalmic Optics Certification Exam ABO American Board of Opticianry Read All Instructions Carefully and Answer All the Questions Correctly Good Luck: -
1. What is another name for the Optical Center?: Major
Reference Point
2. Surface of of revolution describes:: surface type
3. Toric surfaces are created by rotating an arc about
an axis that lies in the (same/different) plane but (does/doesn't) pass through the center of curvature of the arc.: same, doesn't. I.e. take a cross section of the lens perpendicular along the axis.
4. T / F: A lens with multiple lines that are normal to
both front and back surfaces will have a true optical axis: F. Only 1 line can be normal. Otherwise its plano.
5. What is the dioptric midpoint of the CLC? How is this
value calculated?: It is the spherical equivalent of the CLC. SE = sph + cylinder/
6. What is another name for optic poles and what are
they?: Verticies. Points on front and back that line with optical axis Need Writing 🤔Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍ 100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed🤔 Ctrl + Click Here To 📑ORDER NOW 📑 Follow Link 🤔 ORDER NOW 🤔 🎓 TO GET INSTANT EXPERT HELP 🎓 🤔 ORDER NOW 🤔
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16. Lenses ground in form have toricity on the
back surface. Will this reduce or increase meridonial mag?: Minus. Reduce.
17. Lenses ground in form can cause different
image sizes in each eye.: Plus.
18. Rx: +2.00 - 1.00 x 180
Re-write in cross cyl form:: +1.00 x 180/+2.00 x 090 +1.00@090/+2.00@
19. Where will the axis be located when two
obliquely crossed cylinders (OCC's) with equal powers are superimposed?: Halfway between the two.
20. Lens: Pl @ 90 / +4.00 @ 180. What is the power
in axis meridian?: +4.00D -> the meridian that is most plus / least neg is the axis meridian. The power meridian is the meridian with cyl.
21. What is the formula for calculating the power
of a refractive surface?:
22. Write an Rx for a -5.00 D sphere combined with
a -3.00 D cylinder axis 090°. (NOT THE RESULTING POWER CROSS!): -5.00 -3.00 x 090
23. Rx: -5.00 -3.00 X 090
Where will the glasses be the thickest?: Lateral: Temporal Vertical: ???
24. What kind of relationship does the BC have
with Lens Power: Need Writing 🤔Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍ 100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed🤔
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25. Are BC's for Sph lenses on the front or back?:
Front
26. What kind of lens (+ or -) has BC and toric
surfaces on front?: Plus
27. Which side of a segmented multifocal lens will
the BC be located?: On the side containing the segment.
28. If a lens has a power of +3.00 -2.00 x 180 and
is to be ground in plus cylinder form, what front and back curves would be used if a base curve of +6.00D was chosen? Assume +6.00 @ 90 for the surface containing toricity to start with.:
29. If a lens has a power of -1.50 -1.00 x 090, has a
base curve of +5.00D and is ground in minus cylinder form, what front and back curves would be used?:
30. A corrected curve lens (best form lens) is a lens
specifically designed to minimize which 2 aberrations?: Oblique astigmatism & Curvature of field.
31. In which 2 situations is it ok to match BC's
when Rxing?: Ordering replace- ments. Ordering duplicates.
32. Name 4 situations where it is NOT ok to match
BC's when Rxing?: 1. To match BC in previous Rx. 2. To reduce ghosting and reflections. 3. To get a flatter thinner lens. 4. To avoid lash crash. Need Writing 🤔Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍ 100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed🤔
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39. Why doesn't the lens clock tell you the true
power of the lens?: Different materials have different indices.
40. What is the formula to determine the true
power of a lens, based on a lens clock reading?:
41. If nT > nC, the conversion factor is > 1, and the
lens clock reads falsely high or low?: >1 = falsely low.
42. If nT < nC, the conversion factor is < 1, and the
lens clock reads falsely high or low?: < 1 = falsely high
43. The calibration index of a lens clock is 1.53 but
the lens being measured has an index, n=1.523. The lens clock dial reads +5.00D when the curvature of the front surface of the lens is measured. What is the true power of the front surface?: Conversion factor: 0.53/0.523 = 0. F true = 5.00(0.986) = +4.93D
44. Hand neutralization measures vertex power?:
Front
45. Lensometry usually measures which vertex
power?: Back. Front power is only measured with high plus or multifocals.
46. What 2 components make the observation
system of a lensometer, and what kind of telescope does it use?: 1. The ocular+objective eyepieces (Keplari- an). 2. The reticle Need Writing 🤔Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍ 100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed🤔
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47. Which lines come into focus first when reading
a sph-cyl lens with a lensometer?: The skinny lines. (sph surface power)
48. What is the formula used to determine the
amount of target movement when performing lensometry?:
49. A lensometer has a +20 D standard lens. How
far does the target move in measuring a +1.00 D lens?: (0.05 x 0.05) x 1.00 = 2.5mm Calculate focal length of 20D lens, square it, and then multiply by Fv
50. A lensometer has a +20 D standard lens.
How far does the target move if the power drum moves from +20D to -20D reading?: fs = 1/20 = 0.05m Fv = 40D (0.05 x 0.05) x 40 = 100mm
51. Rx: +3.00 - 6.00 x 180.
How far does the target move between the two meridians if the std. lens is +25 D?: fs = 1/25 = 0. Fv = 6D (0.04 x 0.04) x (6) = 9.6mm
52. A lensometer has a +20 D std. lens. The single
line focuses 5 mm behind the plano position. The triple line focuses 6.25 mm in front of the plano position. The axis indicator reads 45° What is the Rx?: Behind plano: use (-) value In front of plano: use (+) value Solve for Fv in two parts: Sph: (+0.00625)/(0.05 x 0.05) = Fv -> +2.50D Cyl: (-0.005)/(0.05 x 0.05) = Fv -> -2.00D Need Writing 🤔Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍ 100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed🤔
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60. When measuring MFL's, the back vertex is
determined by measuring the difference between what 2 factors?: Difference in power between the distance carrier and the segment.
61. T or F: Add powers can be sph or cyl.: F. Adds
are spherical only!
62. Lensometry:
Axis wheel is set at 045 degrees The sphere reading is - 2.00D The cylinder reading is +2.50 D What is Rx in minus cyl?: +2.50 -4.50 x 045 Shelby! Is this correct?
63. How is index related to lens density?: Higher
index = softer lens and vice versa
64. How is index related to abbey value?: Higher
index = lower abbey value (more chromatic dispersion)
65. How is abbey related to chromatic dispersion?:
The higher the number, the less dispersion
66. How is index related to surface reflections?:
Higher index = more reflection
67. How much vertical prism is in the center of a
lens:: P = 100g ( n -1 ) / d
68. n values for lens materials:: C = 1.498 G = 1.
T = 1.
P = 1.
69. Central thickness Formula:: Meniscus: CT = s1 +
ET - s Pl on one surface: CT = s1 + ET
70. Determining deviation approx method: D = ±n(-
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