Download Ophthalmic Optics - Exam 3 Review Questions and Answers | 100% Pass Guaranteed | Graded A+ and more Exams Ophthalmology in PDF only on Docsity!
National Certification Organization
for Opticians
ABO American Board of Opticianry
ABO Master in Ophthalmic Optics
Certification Exam (ABO-M)
Course Title and Number: (ABO-M) Ophthalmic Optics Certification Exam Title: ABO-M Certification Exam Exam Date: Exam 2025- 2026 Instructor: ____ [Insert Instructor’s Name] _______ Student Name: ___ [Insert Student’s Name] _____ Student ID: ____ [Insert Student ID] _____________
Examination
Time: - ____ Hours: ___ Minutes
Instructions:
**1. Read each question carefully.
- Answer all questions.
- Use the provided answer sheet to mark your responses.
- Ensure all answers are final before submitting the exam.
- Please answer each question below and click Submit when you** **have completed the Exam.
- This test has a time limit, The test will save and submit** **automatically when the time expires
- This is Exam which will assess your knowledge on the course** Learning Resources.
Good Luck……...!
🤔Hit Me UP__ Inbox Open 24/7 – 365 …...!!!!
🤔 Chat with us here: 🤔 Hybridgrades101@gmail.com
Ophthalmic Optics - Exam 3 Review Questions and Answers | 100% Pass Guaranteed | Graded A+ | 2025- ABO-M Master in Ophthalmic Optics Certification Exam ABO American Board of Opticianry Read All Instructions Carefully and Answer All the Questions Correctly Good Luck: - a person turns there eyes to the left to look at an object so the right eye is slightly farther away than the left eye. The image of the object in the left eye will be slightly larger than the image in the right eye. These size difference give clues that help in localization of the object in space - =Answer>> physiological (natural) anisekonia when the image is equally larger/smaller in every meridian - =Answer>> symmetrical anisekonia the image has a meridional size difference in a meridian of one eye compared with that of the other eye -is symmetrical, yet has meridional size difference in a meridian of one eye compared with that of the other eye - =Answer>> oblique meridional magnification the image has a meridional size difference in a meridian of one eye compared with that of the other eye
- can be in the horizontal or the vertical meridians - =Answer>> vertical meridional magnification occurs when there is a progressive increase or decrease across the visual field - =Answer>> asymmetrical anisekonia Need Writing 🤔Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍ 100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed🤔 Ctrl + Click Here To 📑 ORDER NOW 📑 Follow Link 🤔 ORDER NOW 🤔 🎓 TO GET INSTANT EXPERT HELP 🎓 🤔 ORDER NOW 🤔
🤔Hit Me UP__ Inbox Open 24/7 – 365 …...!!!!
🤔 Chat with us here: 🤔 Hybridgrades101@gmail.com
what is another name fo size lenses - =Answer>> iseikonic lenses what are the 3 frame choose rules when correcting aniseikonia with spectacle lenses - =Answer>> 1. minimum vertex distance
- small eyesize
- keep decentration to a minimum most lenses are available in about 4-6 different _______ -ranging from 0.50, 2.00, 4.00, 6.00, 8. -many times are offered in half diopter increments - =Answer>> base curves what distance vertex distance (from the spectacle to the cornea) is the smallest without causing lash-clash?
- what is the smallest 'd' used in the spectacle magnification formulas? - =Answer>> -11mm -14mm (but in meters) [its to the entrance pupil] if you use this design of a lens you should use it in both lenses - =Answer>> aspheric lens design that require an OC height - =Answer>> aspheric if Poly or Trivex:
- finsished = ____ mm minimum CT
- semifinished = ____ mm minimum CT - =Answer>> 1.0mm 1.5mm plano lens are cut with a base curve of - =Answer>> +6.00D __ lenses are cut steeper than +6.0D base curve - =Answer>> plus __ lenses are cut flatter than +6.0D base curve - =Answer>> minus the normal vertex distance on a pair of spectacles is roughly - =Answer>> 13mm Need Writing 🤔Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍ 100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed🤔
🤔Hit Me UP__ Inbox Open 24/7 – 365 …...!!!!
🤔 Chat with us here: 🤔 Hybridgrades101@gmail.com
___mm is the minimum thickness as an industry standard for lenses unless the material is poly or trivex - =Answer>> 2.00mm patients can fuse reliably 95% of the time is the retinal image size between eyes to just less than - =Answer>> 4% (3.90- 3.99) if you can't get the retinal images sizes close enough for the patient to fuse without then being horribly ugly, what should you do? - =Answer>> let it be what are the 4 lens components that can be altered when creating a pair of iseikonic lenses? - =Answer>> 1. front base curve
- index of refraction
- vertex distance
- center thickness you cannot add ____ you can only add magnification - =Answer>> minification steepening the base curve = _____ center thickness - =Answer>> adds increasing CT = ____ magnification - =Answer>> increases flattening the FBC = ___ the center thickness - =Answer>> reducing reducing the center thickness = _____ magnification - =Answer>> reduces increasing the ____ for ANY lens makes it more PLUS in power - =Answer>> vertex distance moving a plus lens away (increasing VD) will ___ its power and therefor ___ its magnification - =Answer>> increase increase a plastic multifocal add power is achieved by utilizing a - =Answer>> steeper curve Need Writing 🤔Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍ 100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed🤔
🤔Hit Me UP__ Inbox Open 24/7 – 365 …...!!!!
🤔 Chat with us here: 🤔 Hybridgrades101@gmail.com
what are the 4 design parameters used in designing a progressive lens - =Answer>> base/add power corridor length near zone width distance zone characteristics a wide clear distance zone will produce a ____ long along the 180 of a progressive lens - =Answer>> hard line a wide clear distance zone progressive will produce excessive amounts of ____ below the 180 - =Answer>> astigmatism a wide clear distance zone progressive s often referred to as a - =Answer>> hard design a wide intermediate zone progressive lens is often referred to as a - =Answer>> soft design a wide intermediate zone progressive lens will introduce ___ in the distance portion of the lens - =Answer>> astigmatism a wide intermediate zone progressive lens has an extra long - =Answer>> corridor an extra wide reading area progressive lens has excessive amount of unwanted - =Answer>> blur an extra wide reading area progressive lens has wearers experiencing extreme "___" sensation - =Answer>> swim an extra wide reading area progressive lens has a short ____ which is not very functional - =Answer>> channel manufacturing chronology doesn't allow a change in ___ without surface astigmatism ... or a line - =Answer>> curvature what portion of the progressive lens is most critical - =Answer>> the distance area patients are most sensitive to blur during dynamic viewing of ___ objects - =Answer>> distant Need Writing 🤔Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍ 100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed🤔
🤔Hit Me UP__ Inbox Open 24/7 – 365 …...!!!!
🤔 Chat with us here: 🤔 Hybridgrades101@gmail.com
in a soft design progressive lens, the higher the add power, the near zone may ____ in size and the distance zone confinement ____ - =Answer>> decrease increases progressive lenses initially started as a lens that was used for both right and left eyes -just simply twisted so that the near zone was inset for each eye - =Answer>> rotational PALs -design "adjusts" to maintain comfortable vision at each stage of presbyopia -near zone inset changes with add power -user friendly - ONE DESIGN FITS ALL - =Answer>> multi- design what are the 2 disadvantages of multi-design lenses - =Answer>> 1. assumes patients visual needs based on add power alone
- manufacturer prescribed lenses -designs are consistent, patient need only adapt to new add, not a whole new design -each design meets specific lifestyle and visual needs -results in more precise, comfortable match for the patient - =Answer>> the family philosophy (Mono-design) what is the disadvantage of the family philosophy (mono design) - =Answer>> mono design "families" require more though on the part of the practitioner in the next plateau of design for improving binocular vision in PALs is to create designs for right and left lenses that have - =Answer>> symmetrical viewing zone (fix the astigmatism that creeps up on the nasal side ) visual boundaries define the edge of the ______(where the wearer sees blur) - =Answer>> viewing zone the next plateau of design for designing by correction will be designed based on the patients - =Answer>> prescription Need Writing 🤔Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍ 100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed🤔
🤔Hit Me UP__ Inbox Open 24/7 – 365 …...!!!!
🤔 Chat with us here: 🤔 Hybridgrades101@gmail.com
traditional lenses can perform optimally only for a limited number of Rx power. as the prescription deviates from the ideal power, the optical performance - =Answer>> deteriorates freeform advantages:
- maximized ___ at all distances
- ____ intermediate and near zones
- minimal ____
- wider _______ as PAL is on the back surface (or front or a combination) - =Answer>> visual acuity wider swim field of view what is the semi-finished PAL lens cost - =Answer>> $48/pair what is a semi finished SV lens cost - =Answer>> $6/pair freeform lenses provide an advantage for ____ because of their cost savings and reduced inventory of SF blanks - =Answer>> laboratories what do we sacrifice in a digital lens with a small fitting height?
- =Answer>> lose near zone what are the power ranges of a freeform lens - =Answer>> +6 through - what is the maximum cyl offered in a freeform lens - =Answer>> 4.00D what is the price range of a freeform lens - =Answer>> $225- $ what is the "best lens" on the market today? - =Answer>> freeform lens freeform lenses are ____ made for your Rx - =Answer>> custom pre-______ the frame is ESSENTIAL - =Answer>> adjusting Need Writing 🤔Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍ 100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed🤔
🤔Hit Me UP__ Inbox Open 24/7 – 365 …...!!!!
🤔 Chat with us here: 🤔 Hybridgrades101@gmail.com
you MUST _____ the frame. about the single most important thing you do - =Answer>> pre-adjust when pre-adjusting the frame, pay close attention to the ____. make sure they are adjusted now (before you measure) just like they will be adjusted once delivered - =Answer>> nosepads you must take the ______ PD - ALWAYs for PALs - =Answer>> monocular when measuring the monocular PD, if you use a ___________ you need to always use the occluder - =Answer>> corneal reflection pupilometer what was measured incorrectly with this complaint: "i can see at near and intermediate with one eye only - not both together" - =Answer>> monocular PD you should measure your patients when standing because ___ is a very important role for fitting PALs - =Answer>> posture Tall patients should be fit with a pal that is - =Answer>> lower sunwear should be fit with a pal that is - =Answer>> slightly lower the higher the add power, the ___ the near and intermediate zones - =Answer>> smaller patients with a higher add require more ____ to acclimate to their new prescription - =Answer>> time PALS with a high distance correction take more time to acclimate due to increased - =Answer>> abberations fixed vs variable corridors is a design option that is unique to - =Answer>> Shamir fixed vs variable corridors allow the optician to select a design that will replicate in the new eyewear a corridor length that the patient is_________ to. Need Writing 🤔Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍ 100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed🤔
🤔Hit Me UP__ Inbox Open 24/7 – 365 …...!!!!
🤔 Chat with us here: 🤔 Hybridgrades101@gmail.com
whether prescribed, ground in for cosmetics, or unwanted prism , the ____ is the only spot where the prism can be accurately measured - =Answer>> PRP what are the 2 ways to identify a progressive - =Answer>> 1. progressive lens identifier
- view PAL identifier documents -a tool that you must have access to in your office -tool to ID progressive lenses that your patient may be wearing -when selecting a lens design, its important to know what are are accustomed to wearing -compare what they are wearing to what they are buying (the frame and the PAL design ) - =Answer>> the progressive lens identifier what is of upmost importance when using the progressive lens identifier - =Answer>> the fitting cross location the fitting cross is located on or up to 6mm above the - =Answer>> Datum line without the ____ you cannot re-mark a lens correctly - =Answer>> fitting cross location currently, there are - engraved marking on digital PALs - =Answer>> 8- associated with Rx's that are too dissimilar - =Answer>> spectacle magnification where the retinal image sizes are so different in size that the brain is challenged to fuse both images - =Answer>> spectacle magnification spectacle magnification compares the size of the image seen by a person when wearing glasses with the size of the image when - =Answer>> that same person is NOT wearing glasses Need Writing 🤔Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍ 100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed🤔
🤔Hit Me UP__ Inbox Open 24/7 – 365 …...!!!!
🤔 Chat with us here: 🤔 Hybridgrades101@gmail.com
SM = ____/_____ - =Answer>> retinal image size in corrected eye / retinal image size in same eye uncorrected spectacle magnification is expressed as a - =Answer>> ratio what percent magnification would there be for a SM ratio of 1.05? - =Answer>> 5% magnification what percent magnification would there be for a SM ratio of 0.95? - =Answer>> 5% minification what is the power of a standard emmetropic eye - =Answer>> +60D normal image size is considered to have a magnification of - =Answer>> 1. what are the 2 factors that contribute to magnification or magnification of an image - =Answer>> 1. the power of the lens
- the shape of the lens factor that includes:
- vertex distance
- back vertex power - =Answer>> power factors factor that includes:
- thickness
- index of refraction
- FBC - =Answer>> shape factor spectacle magnification = ()() - =Answer>> (shape factor)(power factor) shape factor = - =Answer>> 1 / (1- ( (t-n) f)) power factor = - =Answer>> 1/ (1- (dP)) t = n = f = d = Need Writing 🤔Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍ 100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed🤔
🤔Hit Me UP__ Inbox Open 24/7 – 365 …...!!!!
🤔 Chat with us here: 🤔 Hybridgrades101@gmail.com
what is the entrance pupil of the eye - =Answer>> aperture of the eye (pupil) the entrance pupil of the eye is located ___ mm behind the cornea - =Answer>> 3mm why does the magnification factor of a minus lens not vary whether you use the (SF)(PF) or just the PF? - =Answer>> because the center thickness of a minus lens usually doesn't change what variable of the shape factor is usually changed for a minus lens shape factor since the center thickness usually does not vary? - =Answer>> the FBC symptoms are often the same symptoms as experience with uncorrected refractive errors or oculomotor imbalances - =Answer>> anisekonia indications of clinically significant anisekonia include:
- =Answer>> 1. high anisometropia or high astigmatism
the presence of certain factors that physically alter the eye
complaints about spatial distortions
better optical comfort when only one eye is used assuming the refraction is correct and anisometropia is present ... __ is likley - =Answer>> anisekonia dissimilar retinal image size - =Answer>> anisekonia occurs in a small but useful amount even for individuals with eyes that are identical to one another - =Answer>> physiological (natural) anisekonia marking on a PAL are somewhat ___ driven by design -there can be any number of data on the ____ -you should know what all of the markings mean - =Answer>> manufacturer Need Writing 🤔Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍ 100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed🤔
🤔Hit Me UP__ Inbox Open 24/7 – 365 …...!!!!
🤔 Chat with us here: 🤔 Hybridgrades101@gmail.com
lens surface what are the 6 steps to PAL fitting?
- =Answer>> 1. monocular distance PD
Pre-adjust the frame
pantoscopic angle
minimum vertex distance
face form of the frame
double check your measurements how many degrees of panto should be in a PAL - =Answer>> 8-12 degrees require more detailed fitting measurements -various manufacturers offer devices which measure both eye and head movement -monocular distance PD -pre-adjust the frame -minimum vertex distance -faceform tilt -recheck - =Answer>> digital lens fitting how many PAL designs are available - =Answer>> > major PAL manufacturers in the USA
hoya
seiko
Shamir
sola
zeiss Need Writing 🤔Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍ 100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed🤔
🤔Hit Me UP__ Inbox Open 24/7 – 365 …...!!!!
🤔 Chat with us here: 🤔 Hybridgrades101@gmail.com
- check distance vision
- check the near vision
- check the intermediate vision
- demonstrate where usable vision is and isn't when adjusting a troubled PAL, you must - =Answer>> remark the lenses with the fitting cross what are the 3 magical adjustments when adjusting a troubled PAL - =Answer>> 1. increase pantoscopic tilt
- increase face form tilt
- reduce the vertex distance a condition that results from extensive work at a computer station -usually caused by improper ergonomics -or the wrong lenses used for the task - =Answer>> computer vision syndrome virtually every manufacturer has some version of this type of lens. ranges in price from $____ - $_____ - =Answer>> computer lenses $150 for CR- $202 for Poly at last count, there are roughly ___ different ""task specific" designs available - =Answer>> 49 in order to fit a task specific / computer lens, you must refer to the - =Answer>> manufacturers guide when fitting task specific lenses you should always measure the __ PD - =Answer>> monocular what frame dimension is very important in task specific lenses - =Answer>> B measurement B measurement requirements on the task-specific lenses range from ___-___mm depending on the manufacturer's guide - =Answer>> 19-30mm Need Writing 🤔Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍ 100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed🤔
🤔Hit Me UP__ Inbox Open 24/7 – 365 …...!!!!
🤔 Chat with us here: 🤔 Hybridgrades101@gmail.com
what are the near power ranges on a task specific lens - =Answer>> +0.75-+3.00D what is the distance power ranges for a task specific lens - =Answer>> just about any Rx task specific lenses consist of what 2 viewing areas? - =Answer>> intermediate zone near zone lenses that are not meant to walk around in , drive in , or use in normal conditions that a distance Rx corrects for - =Answer>> task specific lenses that remain at the work station - =Answer>> task specific to verify "task specific lenses" we read the lower portion of the lens (____ zone) to confirm that it has the power of the - =Answer>> near near Rx task specific lenses are verified by measuring the near or distance PD at the - =Answer>> fitting cross the top of the lens reduces in ___ power at the top of the lens for a task specific lens - =Answer>> plus these are the most under-used lenses - =Answer>> task specific viewing distances are different (_____) today than they used to be for what we would use for a book or a paper - =Answer>> closer patients need multiple pairs of eyewear. 1 2 3 - =Answer>> 1. regular wear eyeglasses
- computer lenses
- sunwear Need Writing 🤔Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍ 100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed🤔
