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Opiate Study guide spring 2024
Typology: Study Guides, Projects, Research
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Pain o 5 th^ vital sign- use pain scale Pain scale 1- o Always believe clients o Be familiar with the WHO step-ladder Step 1: Over the counter Step 2: Opioid (mild pain) Step 3: Opioid (Severe pain) Nociceptive vs, neuropathic pain o Name a good drug choice for each type Nociceptive: Damage to the tissues A Neuropathic: Damage to the nervous system. Chronic vs. Acute o Name a good drug choice for each type. Chronic: Any pain lasting longer than 3 months Ibuprofen Acute: Caused by injury, surgery, illness, trauma, or painful medical procedures. Opioids o CNS depressant Tranquilizers, sedatives, and hypnotics.. o Name 3 opioid receptors, which one is responsible for euphoria? Kappa Mu Delta Agonist – A substance that mimics the actions of a neurotransmitter or hormone to produce a response when it binds to a specific receptor in the brain. o Heroin, Oxycodone, Methadone, Hydrocodone, Morphine, Opium, and others. Antagonist – Blocks opioids by attaching them to the opioid receptors without activating them. o Naltrexone and naloxone
Agonist-antagonist - name one Adverse effects o Resp. depression- how can this be managed, is tolerance developed? o Sedation- how can this be managed, is tolerance developed? o Constipation- how can this be managed, is tolerance developed? o Nausea- how can this be managed, is tolerance developed? Administration – pros and cons of each? o Po o IM o IV o PCA o ATC (around the clock) o PRN o Per rectum o Epidural, intrathecal o Topical Meperidine o Why do we not like this drug? Non- Narcotic and Adjuvant Pain medications o Name one Can work well, but have some limitations....what are they? Tylenol o Great for children o Toxic to liver in large amounts-fatal o How much is too much for adults? ASA o Not for children- Reyes syndrome NSAIDS o Ibuprofen - Why is it so great? Addiction vs. Physical Dependence vs. Tolerance Know the difference How do you taper drugs? Special Needs for Pain Management o Infants Why? o Children
Oxycodone – 1. Codeine – 0. Hydrocodone – Methadone – Fentanyl – 1000