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Optician License Exam Questions and
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0-180 Line - ANSThe horizontal line that goes across the lens. 122,000 Miles per second - ANSSpeed of light per second and crown glass 124,000 Miles per second - ANSSpeed of visible light per second in CR -
140,000 Miles per second - ANSSpeed of visible light Per second in water. 186,000 miles per second - ANSSpeed of visible light Per second in air. A beam of light - ANSIs composed of the group of pencils originating from all of the points on a light source. A measurement - ANSThe measurement across the imaginary "box". The measurement from vertical tangent to bevel, horizontally. A pencil of light - ANSIs a group of rays divergent from a single point on a light source. ABBE number - ANSA measurement of the ability of a material to disperse white light into its component colors.
Aberrations - ANSProperties of the lens material or lens design that results in distorted or blurred images. Absorption - ANSOccurs when a futon of light enters a material but does not exit again. Against the rules astigmatism - ANSThe shorter of the two focal lengths is horizontal and the correcting lens has the axis of the minus cylinder with and 30° of the 90° Meridian. Amblyopia - ANSA condition in which the eye does not have good correctable vision but has no physical abnormalities. Ametropia - ANSA condition in which the eye has a refractive error. Amplitude - ANSThe distance from the center of the peak or the valley of a wave. Angle of incidence - ANSThe angle between a ray of light incident on a surface and the normal to the surface at the point of incidence. (perpendicular line) Angle of refraction - ANSThe angle between a ray of light after re-fraction into a material and the normal to the surface.
Axis meridian - ANSThe meridian of least power of the cylinder or spherocylinder lens. Axis of a cylinder - ANSAn imaginary reference line used to specify cylinder or spherocylinder lens orientation and corresponding to the median perpendicular to that of maximum cylinder power. B measurement - ANSThe measurement up and down from the horizontal tangent to the bevel. A vertical measurement. Back focal length - ANSThe distance from the back surface vertex of a lens to the secondary focal point. Barrel - ANSThe housing for a screw on a pair of glasses. Base - ANSIn a prism, the edge of maximum surface separation opposite the apex. Bevel - ANSThe angled edge of the spectacle lens. Block - ANSAttaches to the surface of a lens in order to hold it in place during the surfacing or edging process. Blocker - ANSThe device used to place a block on the lens in order to hold the lens in place during the edging process.
Boxing system - ANSThe lens makes a "box" of a rectangle with the horizontal and vertical measurements. This box goes to the edges of the lens or lens blank. C measurement - ANSThe measurement across the geometric center line. The only time that the C measurement is the same as the A measurements when the lens is the widest at the line. Most of the time the A measurement will be more than the C. Carbon Filter - ANSMaterials used to make frames containing threads of Carbon. Frame will be sturdy, slim, and lightweight. Frames will not be bendable at all. Usually only used for frame fronts. Carrier - ANSThe optically unusable outer portion of a lenticular lens that "carries" the optically useable central portion. Cellulose acetate - ANSType of material used for plastic. Also, called Zyl or Zylonite. Cellulose propionate - ANSType of lightweight material used for making plastic frames. This material does not need as much heat for adjustments and inserting lenses. This is made just for injection molded glasses. It is a thermoplastic molding material. Centrad - ANSMeasures the amount that a prism displaces an image.
Convergence - ANSA measurement of the relative direction of travel of two light rays that are traveling towards each other. Convergence - ANSAn inward turning of the eyes, as when looking at a near object. The action of light rays traveling toward a specific real image point. Convergent lines - ANSLines that come together to meet at a point then diverge again as they continue on their path. Convergent rays have a positive vergence. Convergent rays of light will cross at a real point. Convertible temple - ANSFlexible in nature, these temples are straight like library temples, but can be changed to curve around the ear like a skull temple. Convex - ANSA lens surface with positive power. Convex - ANSAn outward-curved surface. Coolant - ANSA recirculating liquid used to cool and lubricate the lens/grinding wheel interface during the grinding process. Corneal Reflex pupillometer - ANSAn instrument that accurately takes the pupillary distance.
Corrected curve - ANSInlands design the base curve is chosen to minimize the peripheral aberrations that occur in common eyeglass lenses. Crest angle of the bridge - ANSThe angle that you can see when looking at the facial profile. This angle should be parallel to the angle of the nose. Cribbing - ANSThe process of reducing a semi-finished lens blank to a smaller size in order to speed the surfacing process or reduce the probability of difficulty. Critical Measurement to help a person who is Aphakic - ANSVertex Distance Cross curve - ANSThe steepest curve on a toric surface. Cylinder - ANSA lens having refractive power in one meridian only and used in the correction of astigmatism. Cylinder - ANSA surface or lens with no curvature or power in the meridian called the axis and with either positive or negative curvature or power in the meridian 90° from the axis. Dantum system - ANSA European system of measurement for lenses and frames. You use the center line ( Datum line) to start with, and all of the measurements come from there.
Divergent lines - ANSLines that spread apart as if originating from a point. They have a negative vergence. Dress - ANSTo re-sharpen a cutting surface of a grinding wheel. ED - ANSEffective diameter. This measurement is needed to determine the appropriate lens blank size. Emmetropia - ANSA condition of the item which parallel incident rays of light come to a point focus on the retina when the eye is not accommodating. Facet - ANSAn edge configuration used with high-minus lenses to reduce edge thickness and weight. Fining - ANSThe process in production of spectacles that begins with a pair of lenses of the correct refractive power and ends with a completed pair of glasses. Focimeter - ANSAn instrument used to measure the back focal length of a lens. FPD - ANSFrame pupillary distance. This measurement is the same as the DBC.
Frame Center - ANSIn the imaginary "box," you can draw lines from one corner to the opposite corner, making an X. The point where the lines cross is the frame center. Frequency - ANSThe number of occurrence in a unit of time. For light, it is the number of waves of light that pass a particular point in one second. Frequency - ANSThe number of waves that pass in one second. Fresnel lens - ANSA design of lens where there is a central point in the middle and concentric ridges going out from there. The ridges have a prism effect. Front focal length - ANSThe distance from the front surface of vertex to the primary focal point. Frontal angle - ANSWhen looking straight on at the face, it is the angle of the nose and how much it is off from a vertical line. Geometric center - ANSThe midpoint of the horizontal and vertical measurements of the lens. This point is determined by means of the boxing system. Glasses with Pantoscopic tilt - ANSThe tops of the lenses are farther away from the face and the bottom of the lenses closer to the face, If the cheeks touch the bottom of the frames, then you will need to lessen the tilt.
Interference - ANSCan be two waves coming together to make a stronger wave, or it can be two waves coming together and canceling each other out, causing destruction. Interval of sturm - ANSThe distance between the two focal planes. Irregular astigmatism - ANSThe focal lines are not at right angles of each other. Keyhole Bridge - ANSThis shape of bridge is usually found on plastic frames. The frames will touch the outside of the nose, but not the top of the nose. This would be good for somebody with a short nose since more of the nose could be exposed and not hidden by the bridge. Lens protactor - ANSA millimeter grid on a 360 degree protractor used in the lens centration process for both surfacing and finishing. lenticular - ANSA high power lens with the prescription power found only in the center portion of the lens. The outer carrier portion is ground to reduce edge thickness and weight. Library temple - ANS(Another name is straight-back temple.) These temples are straight, with no curve, and they are wider at the back than in the front. Lock-tight - ANSScrew locking adhesive sealant
Luminosity - ANSThe ability of an object to admit photons or waves of light. Major meridian - ANSOne of two meridians in a cylinder or spherocylinder lens. These meridians are 90 degrees apart and correspond to the maximum and minimum powers in the lens. Marker - ANSA centering device used to accurately position a lens and stamp it with horizontal and vertical reference lines for use in accurate lens blocking. Measuring the Correct temple length - ANSMeasure from the screw hole at the center barrel all the way to the end of the temple, including around the ear. be sure to measure on the middle of the temple length and not the edges. Mirror coated lenses - ANSVery reflective, usually used for sunglasses: Can lessen the wearers ability to see. When looking at a person wearing them, you cannot see their eyes. Monel - ANSAlloy metal most often used in making frames. Made of 63- 70% nickel. It also contains copper and a trace of iron. This metal is resistant to corrosion, very flexible, and whitish in color. Mounting line - ANSThe horizontal reference line that intersects the mechanical center of a lens pattern.
Options you should give your patients - ANSLens types, Lens Materials and Options, Frame styles, Contact Lenses, Accessories and any other product that would fit the patient's needs and wants. Optyl - ANSA type of Epoxy. When it is cold, the material breaks easily, but bends easier when heated. Lightweight, unaffected by sweat, hypo- allergenic, and can be located in many different finishes. Pantograph - ANSMachine used to copy a pattern onto a plastic sheet. The pattern can be copied in a different scale if needed. Pattern difference - ANSHas to do with the shape of the pattern and lens, or A-B. PC - ANSGeometric center of the "box". Knowing this helps you get the center of the lens correctly placed into the center of the frame. Pencil - ANSA group of raised diverging from or converging on a single point of zero dimension. Photochromatic - ANSThese lenses turn darker outside when the UV rays hit the lenses. Lower temperatures can also make then shade darker. Photochromic glass - ANSHas Silver halide crystals in it. When light from the sun hits them, the glass changes to a shadowy, darker shade. Photon - ANSThe basic particle of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Photons - ANSTravel in a straight line. This is called the law of rectilinear propagation. Pick-up screwdriver - ANSSpring tension jaws that can hold very small screws inside the tool. Polarized Lenses - ANSLenses that are good at reflecting: used for snow, water, concrete, and asphault surfaces. Polyamide - ANSMaterial used to make frames. nylon based, very sturdy, slender and lightweight. the material is just 72% of the heaviness of cellulose acetate, so it is significantly lighter. Power Cross - ANSA schematic representation upon which the two major meridians of a lens surface are depicted. Prentice's rule - ANSPrism power = Dioptric power x distance from optical center ( in cm). This rule is used to get the measurement of the prism power on the lens at any point. Prescription order - ANSShould contain the lens prescription, fitting dimensions for the person, and frame specifications. Principal planes - ANSImaginary planes that can be used to describe the refraction occurring with any lens.
Refraction - ANSOccurs when a ray of light entering a material changes direction because of the difference in optical density between the incident and the refracting materials. Regular astigmatism - ANSThe focal lines are at right angles of each other. Riding Bow temple - ANSThis temple bends all the way around the ear and down to the earlobe. This is a good choice for kids and safety glasses. Rimless Mounting - ANSUsually screws are used to fix these lenses into position, and no eyewires or nylon cords are used. Other methods used are cement, clamps or solder plugs. Rotational center - ANSThe point on a pattern around which it rotates during edging. Saddle bridge - ANSShape of bridge that mirrors the shape of the nose and distributes the weight of the frame more evenly. Sagittal Depth - ANSOn a curve that has two and points, the least distance from the plane of the endpoints to the point of the curve furthest from this plane. Scratch resistant lenses - ANS(Hard Coat) on the surfaces of the lens, on both the front and back, that helps protect from scratching. Although no lens can be 100% scratch proof. Manufactures sometimes apply this coating to lenses.
Segment depth - ANSThe longest vertical dimension of the lens segment. Semi-rimless mounting - ANSUsually screws are used to fix the lenses into position, along with a metal reinforcing arm, which goes from the top back part of the lens, and connects the centerpiece with the endpiece. Single Vision Lenses - ANSHave the same prescription throughout the entire lens to correct astigmatism, nearsightedness, farsightedness, or a mixture of those. If a person is less than 40 years old, it is likely that they will need single vision glasses. Skull temple - ANSThe temple is shaped so that it mirrors the shape of the head. It actually curves around the side of the head. Specular reflection - ANSReflection from a surface that is smooth or polished. Speed - ANSThe distance that the wave will travel in one second. Splay Nosepad angle - ANS25-30" and also called transverse. Stainless Steel - ANSAn alloy composed of iron and chrome. This alloy is very pliable and strong. This alloy is slender, very resistant to corrosion, and pliable.
