week 15 bio 189 final exam
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1. endocrine system: is the bodies main system for internal chemical regulation
It is the bodies chemical communication system
2. what is hormones?: are regulatory chemicals that affect specific sites in the body.
they are made by endocrine glands
3. How are hormones transported through the body?: They are released directly into the
bloodstream by the endocrine system and carried throughout the body.
4. What is a target cell?: a cell that bears receptors for a hormone, drug, or other signaling
molecule, or is the focus of contact by a virus, phagocyte, nerve fiber, etc.
5. Hydrophilic hormones vs. hydrophobic hormones - how do they interact with their
target cells? Where are the hormone receptors:
6. what are hydrophobic hormones?: hydrophobic hormones can pass through the plasma
membrane and bind to a receptor inside the cell.
steroids
7. what are hydrophillic hormones?: Hydrophilic hormones typically bind to re- ceptors
on the cell surface,
epinephrine; peptide hormones
8. Know which organs are present in the endocrine system ?: hypothalamus, pituitary gland ,
anterior lobe, posterior lobe, , thyroid, parathyroids, adrenals, pineal body, and the
reproductive organs (ovaries and testes)
pancreas
9. What is the hypothalamus?: main control center of the endocrine center , it is part of the
brain that receives information from the nervous system and sends out appropriate
responses.
10. Anterior vs. Posterior Pituitary gland - location, difference in source of hormones,
general functions:
11. What is the anterior pituitary?: it synthesizes its own hormones such as follicle-
stimulation hormone FSH luteinizing hormone LH and prolactin PRL and secretes
them directly into the blood
it also secretes growth hormone, which can have a broad effect on the body.
12. what is the posterior pituitary gland?: store and secretes hormones made in the
hypothalamus
