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Medical Terminology
Unit 6
Gastroenterology
Organ Combining Form
Mouth Teeth Tongue Lips gums Esophagus Stomach
Stomat /o Dent/o, Odont /o Gloss/o, Lingu/o Cheil/o Gingiv/o Esophag/o Gastr/o
Organ Combining Form
Small intestine Duodenum Jejunum ileum Large intestine Sigmoid colon
Enter/o Duoden/o Jejun/o ile/o Col/o Sigmoid/o
Organ Combining Form
Rectum Anus and rectum Accessory organs Liver Gallbladder Pancreas
Rect/o Proct /o
Hepat/o Cholecyst /o Pancreat/o
Stomat/o = Mouth
Stoma = mouth Stomat /itis: Inflammation of the mouth Stomat /o/plasty: Surgical repair of the mouth Stomat /algia: Pain in the mouth Stomat /o/rrhagia: Hemorrhage of the mouth Stomat /o/myc/osis: Condition of mouth fungus Stomat /o/pathy: Any disease of the mouth Stomat /o/scope: An instrument for examining the mouth Stomat /o/scopy: The process of examining with stomatoscope
Stomatitis Gloss/o = Tongue
Gloss/itis : Inflammation of the tongue
Gloss/ectomy : Excision of the tongue
Gloss/algia: Pain in the tongue
Gloss/al: Pertaining to the tongue
Gloss/o/ptosis : Prolapse of the tongue
Gloss/o/scopy: Examination of the tongue
Gloss/o/plegia (n.): Paralysis of the tongue
Gloss/o/plegic (adj.): Paralysis of the tongue
Lingu/o = Tongue
Lingu/al (adj.): Pertaining to the tongue
Sub/lingu/al or Hypo/gloss/al : Under the
tongue
Cheil/o = Lips
Cheil/itis : Inflammation of the lips
Cheil/o/plasty: Plastic surgery of the lips
Cheil/o/tomy: Incision of the lips
Cheil/osis : Condition or disorder of the lips
Cheil/o/stomat/o/plasty: Plastic surgery of
the lips and mouth
Gingiv/o = Gums
Gingiv/al: Pertaining to the gums
Gingiv/itis : Inflammation of the gums
Gingiv/algia: Gum pain
Gingiv/ectomy : Excision of gum tissue
Gingiv/o/gloss/itis : Inflammation of the
gums and tongue
Lingu/o/gingiv/al (adj.): Tongue and gums
Esophag/o = Esophagus
Eso- = Toward Phag/o = Swallow Esophag/eal (adj.): Pertaining to esophagus Esophag/o/sten/osis: Narrowing of the esophagus Esophag/o/gastr/ic: Pertaining to the esophagus and stomach Gastr/o/esophag/eal Reflux Disease (GERD): Chronic heartburn and esophageal irritation caused by Reflux of stomach acid into an esophagus
Colon = Large Intestine Diverticula
Outpouching that develop
in the colon wall
Diverticul/osis : condition
of having diverticula
Diverticul/itis : inflamed or
infected diverticula
-clysis = Washing or Irrigation
Washing/irrigation of: Colon Stomach Small intestine Rectum Anus and Rectum
ÿCol/o/clysis ÿGastr/o/clysis ÿEnter/o/clysis ÿRect/o/clysis ÿProct /o/clysis
Sigmoid/o = Sigmoid colon
Sigmoid/o/scope: An instrument used to
examine the sigmoid colon
Sigmoid/o/scopy: The procedure of
examining the sigmoid colon with a
sigmoidoscope
Rect/o = Rectum
Rect/al: Pertaining to the rectum Rect/o/cele: Herniation of the rectum Rect/o/scope: Instrument for examining the rectum Col/o/rect /al: Pertaining to the colon and rectum Rect/o/scopy: The process of examining the rectum with a rectoscope Rect/o/scopic (adj.): Pertaining to rectoscopy
Rect/o = Rectum
Rect/o/plasty: Plastic surgery of the rectum
Rect/o/rrhaphy: Suturing (stitching) of the
rectum
Rect/o/urethr/al: Pertaining to the rectum
and urethra
Rect/o/cyst/o/tomy: Incision of the bladder
through the rectum
Proct/o = Anus and Rectum
Proct /o/logist: One who specializes in diseases of the anus and rectum Proct /o/logy: The study of diseases of the anus and rectum Proct /o/plegia: Paralysis of the anus and rectum Proct /o/scope: Instrument used to examine rectum Proct /o/scopy: Examination of rectum with a proctoscope Proct /o/rrhaphy: Suturing of the rectum and anus Proct /o/pexy: Surgical fixation of the rectum and anus
Hepat/o = Liver
Hepar = Liver Hepat /ic: Pertaining to the liver Hepat /o/megaly : Enlargement of the liver Hepat /o/scopy: Inspection of the liver Hepat /o/pathy: Any disease of the liver Hepat /o/tomy: Incision into the liver Hepat /ectomy: Excision of the liver Hepat /itis: Inflammation/infection of the liver
Hepat/o = Liver
Hepat/o/rrhagia: Hemorrhage of the liver
Hepat/o/rrhaphy: Suture of a wound of the
liver
Hepat/o/cele: Hernia of the liver
Hepat/o/dynia: Pain in the liver
Hepat/o/lith: Stone in the liver
Pancreat/o = Pancreas
Pancreat /ic: Pertaining to the pancreas Pancreat /o/lysis: Destruction of pancreatic tissue Pancreat /o/lith: a stone or calculus in the pancreas Pancreat /o/pathy: Any pancreatic disease Pancreat /ectomy: Excision of part or all of the pancreas Pancreat /o/tomy: Incision into the pancreas Pancreat /itis: Inflammation of the pancreas
-ostomy = Anastomosis
Anastomosis is a surgical connection between tubular structures. New connection between: Esophagus & duodenum‡Esophag/o/duoden/ostomy Stomach, small intestine, and large intestine ‡ Gastr/o/enter/o/ col/ostomy Esophagus & stomach ‡ Esophag/o/gastr/ostomy Small intestine & gall bladder ‡ Enter/o/cholecyst /ostomy
Long words: Let’s insert slashes
Jejunoileitis ‡ Cholecystoduodenostomy ‡ Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) ‡ Cholangiopancreatography ‡
Jejun/o/ile/itis Chole/cyst/o/duoden/ostomy Esophag/o/gastr/o/duoden/o/scopy Chol/angi/o/pancreat /o/graphy (note: Answer is misspelled in the textbook p.212)
Abbreviation
BM PO NPO EGD ERCP GERD HB HBV HP GI GB NG
Bowel movement By mouth ( per os ) Nothing by mouth Esophagogastroduodenoscopy Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Gastroesophageal reflux disease Hepatitis B Hepatitis B Vaccine (used more for “Hepatitis B Virus” ) Helicobacter pylori Gastrointestinal Gall bladder Nasogastric
