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the autonomic visceral afferent neurons which direct the activity of autonomic efferent pathways, either in the same organ or other organs.
Typology: Study notes
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Overview on the Autonomic Nervous System
Yvette Taché, PhD
uclacns.org
Major functions under autonomic control
Heart rate, force and conduction
Arterial diameter (all vascular beds)
Mesenteric venous capacity
Pupillary diameter, accommodation of lens.
Exocrine gland secretion, including lacrimal, salivary, gastric,
exocrine pancreatic, sweat glands, glands of genital organs
Endocrine glands, including endocrine pancreas, adrenal gland
and liver
Secretion into organs: intestinal water and electrolyte
secretion, pulmonary and nasal secretion.
Gastrointestinal wall movement
Gall bladder contraction and biliary tract motility
Regulation of the urinary bladder and control of micturition
Tracheal and bronchial diameter
Contraction of vas deferens, vagina and other internal
genitalia
Mobilization of energy stores, for example from fat deposits
and liver.
Piloerection
Modulation of immune function
Anatomical Differences in Sympathetic and
Parasympathetic Division
en
m 3: .r::. ...... m c.. (.)
E 0 c: 0 ......
m (.)
Q)
.r::. ...... m c..
E
en
neu r ons (thoraco lumbar)
sympathetic trunk (paravertebral ganglia)
ganglia on abdominal arteries (prevertebral ganglia)
blood vessels inside t he skull (brain)
mixed pelv ic ganglia conta in both sympathetic and parasympathetic neuronal cell bodies reproductive organs sphincters
visceral a fferents in s pinal nerves
Q) Q) en '< 3
Q) ..+
(') Q) c: ..+ 0
3 (')
Q) ..+
:E Q) '< en
neurons (sacral)
Lung, heart, liver, pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, kidney, bladder, immune system, reproductive organs
Neural projections
between the ENS and
CNS
Furness, 2014
TRH-R
Ghrelin
Taché et al. Auton. Neurosci. 2006;125(1-2):42-52. Review.
Dual actions of vagal activation on the integrity of the gastric mucosa linked with
the intensity of the activation
Protection against
erosive agents
HIGH LOW
How enteroendocrine cells relay sensory signals from
the gut lumen onto nerves is poorly understood.
S
t
ensing food and bacteria
Classical view:
Paracrine transmission
Emerging view:
Direct contact between
enteroendocrine cells and nerves
hrough neuropoods.
representation of sensory signals
from the gut;
viruses in the lumen of the gut to
gain access to the peripheral
or central nervous system.
Liddle et al. J Clin Invest. 2015;125(2):782–786.
Splenic nerve
. : . . '' ' '.
~ ...........
.'
Celiac ganglion
Afferent vagus nerve
Heart
I LPS. other pathogen fragments and tissue. injury molecules
Macrophages, dendritic cells,
Pavlov and Tracey Nature Rev. 8:743-754 (2012)
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