P2P Energy Sharing System, Cheat Sheet of Energy Efficiency

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DEPARTMENT OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY ENGINEERING

Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune

IOT BASED SMART ENERGY MONITORING SYSTEM

Guide - Dr. Vijay Gaikwad

Abstract: Energy Monitoring Systems are one of the most important technologies used to identify and monitor the flow of energy within systems as well as detect errors if any. Monitoring the energy of the devices used for different applications allows us to keep track of the functioning of the devices up-to-date as well which in return can help us in identifying failure of the parts in the future. Introduction: The chosen CP topic “ Smart Energy Monitoring System ” is a level 2 IoT system. The data is stored in the cloud by using the ESP8266 microcontroller and Thingspeak. This allows the users to view the data in real time and make their decisions for energy saving accordingly. The proposed system of energy monitoring has its own ups and downs, which can be worked upon with further experience. Block Diagram: Advantages of Smart Energy Monitoring System: ● Real time energy monitoring from anywhere in the world. Since it is connected to the internet and as long as we have access to the internet, we can read the data in real time anywhere. ● Real-time energy consumption data feedback to the power plant to efficiently generate power. In real life power plants need to adjust the production of power as per consumer’s demand in real-time. If electric power companies produce less power than the demand, blackouts will occur and if they

• Shunt resistor: 0.1 ohm.
• Supported communication protocol: I2C. IoT Design Methodology: Following the Generic methodology for IoT systems the steps implemented while building up the project are as mentioned below:

STEP 1:

Purpose and Requirements Specifications:

The main objective of this project is to create an energy monitoring system as an application of a smart energy grid. This will help in maintaining the basic requirements of energy saving which is basically keeping an eye out on the usage of energy and alerting the user if the energy usage exceeds a certain predefined point.

The suggested model will help in monitoring the energy levels, which would be particularly useful in home automation as it uses large amounts of energy in exchange for lack of physical work. This in turn will also help to identify the faulty devices as well, thus saving the user’s money in the process. The requirements for the model includes sensors like INA219 current and voltage sensor, a LCD and an I2C adapter to display some of the outputs digitally, as well as using the nodeMCU to facilitate connection to the internet to monitor the IoT system.

STEP 2:

Process Model Specification:

The proposed model has numerous use cases, the most important one being its necessity in a smart grid system. Smart grid systems is basically an electricity supply network that uses digital communications technology to detect and react to local changes in usage. In such a system monitoring of the components is a major process, which can be done efficiently using this model. With real time data the power companies can manage the power generation efficiently with zero to minimal blackouts. Individual consumers can keep track of their energy consumption and may be able to cut down power consumption to save on the bills. Other than the above mentioned use cases, the model can also help in identifying any errors or faults within the system as well, since the graphs and analog modules will help to keep a track of the components of the system.

STEP 3:

Domain Model Specification:

The physical entities to be used in the energy monitoring system include the INA current and voltage sensor which is used to monitor the voltage and current drops as well for power monitoring, a LCD with I2C support which is used in applications that require a visual or textual display, the NodeMCU ESP8266 which is used for prototyping of IoT devices as well as for maintaining the connection to the Internet and a battery as an external power source which can be exchanged with anything that will provide 0 to 26 VDC and a maximum of 3A supply. The INA219 based Current sensor module is an I2C interface based zero drift and bi-directional current/power monitoring module. Datasheet for the INA219 sensor: https://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/ina219.pdf?ts=1665381498754&ref_url=https%253A% 252F%252Fwww.google.com%252F

can be used in keeping a track of specialized devices as well. This means that the proposed model is multipurpose and does not have any specific limitations on its use-cases. Thus, this allows the model to become perfect for mass deployment on multiple systems as well.

STEP 7:

Operational View Specification:

The system is a fairly simple model with the collected data being stored in the cloud. This makes the stored data secure with only the user having access to all of the information. Since we will be relying on graphs and analog meters to monitor the usage of specific devices, the best software to use is Thingspeak which allows us to do all of the above easily. The users simply need to create their own account on the Thingspeak website and connect the devices which would allow them to monitor them with ease.

STEP 8:

Device and Component Integration:

This step includes the integration of the devices and the components together, which is usually represented digitally in the form of a circuit diagram. This step usually involves ideation of how the circuit will look like, how the components will be connected together and the steps involved along the way.

STEP 9:

Application Development:

As discussed earlier the proposed model is but an application to a much bigger notion of a smart grid system. The created model will serve as a monitoring system allowing the user to easily remove damaged or faulty components and at the same time create a detailed plan with respect to the amount of power being used in a month and its relative cost. It basically acts like the first part of an energy grid, which is detecting the changes in power/ current and voltage. Adding further components can also help the system to then react and pro-act to changes in usage and multiple issues, thus becoming a full fledged energy grid system. Results and Discussion: As demonstrated the proposed model will greatly help out to manage various devices used both in homes and for larger applications. Having a monitoring system will also allow the users to keep a record of all the devices in their position and their working status. The system will also prove useful for larger applications as well, as the integration of the model onto larger systems is a fairly straightforward process. Functionalities, although limited for the time being, can be improved upon as part of the future scope, which would allow the addition of some important features as well.