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PA Emissions Inspector Certification Study Guide 2025
Questions With Expert Solutions
Station Hotline - ✔✔(888) 265 - 5909 Customer Hotline - ✔✔(800) 265 - 0921 Sticker Department - ✔✔(717) 705 - 2182 An emissions inspector must meet what requirements? - ✔✔Be at least 18 years of age Have a valid driver's license To deliver emissions waivers you must become a(n)... - ✔✔emissions Certified Repair Technician (CRT) To become a CRT you must... - ✔✔Have a valid driver's license What is the Northern-Emission Inspectors Certification program? - ✔✔Limited to performing the visual antitampering check and gas-cap test. Upon successful completion of the N-EIC program you will receive.. - ✔✔An emissions inspection ID card from PennDOT that allows you to perform inspections on vehicles registered in the Northern Region counties only. Air pollution - ✔✔Contamination of the atmosphere by gaseous, liquids or solid wastes or byproducts. Emitted from natural or human-made sources. Most of the world's air pollution problems are... - ✔✔Human-made
Major Pollutants - ✔✔Hydrocarbons (HCs), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NOx). (released from fossil fuels like gasoline and diesel) Hydrocarbons - ✔✔Unburned fuel of any class of organic compounds composed of carbon and hydrogen Carbon Monoxide - ✔✔Colorless, odorless, and poisonous gas. Created when an engine burns HV in the presence of O2. Oxygen - ✔✔Too much or too little can cause improper combustion and result in pollution Ozone (Smog) - ✔✔Not emitted directly into the air, it is created at ground level by a chemical reaction between NOx and HC in the presence of sunlight. Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) - ✔✔Excessive amounts can be caused by a lean air-fuel mixture, a defective exhaust gas recirculation valve, higher than normal engine temperatures, vacuum leaks, and advanced ignition timing. Five Gas Theory - ✔✔The relationship between HC, CO, O2, CO2, and NOx are the same in all gasoline engines. Stoichiometric Ratio - ✔✔For all engines, a mixture of approx. 14.7 parts of air to every one- part of fuel produces the most efficient use of fuel and the lowest emissions. Why would hydrocarbon be higher than the stoichiometric ratio? - ✔✔The mixture is very rich or very lean. Normal combustion is 15:1 air/fuel ratio. What happens when there is not enough O2 in an engine? - ✔✔It runs rich, meaning combustion forms more CO and less CO2.
Gasoline powered buses that seat 15 or fewer and have a GVWR of 9,000 lbs or less are also required to undergo emissions testing. Non-subject Vehicles - ✔✔Classic, antique, specially constructed, or collectible motor vehicles (titles/registered as such). Buses with a seating capacity of 16 or more. Vehicles with a GVWR of 9,001 lbs or more 1974 and older model year vehicles Vehicle exemptions - ✔✔New or current model year subject vehicles that have never been registered in PA or any other jurisdiction before the current owner, and have less than 5,000 miles on the odometer. Vehicles driven less than 5,000 miles in the previous 12 months that have been owned by the same person for a minimum of 1 year. What do you do if a vehicle qualifies for exemption? - ✔✔Only verify that the odometer is operation DO NOT do any other visual inspections. Customer is refusing to authorize an I/M test? - ✔✔You may refuse to perform his/her safety inspection. Leased Vehicles are subject to... - ✔✔Emissions inspection based on the county listed on the registration card.
Can out-of-state vehicles entering PA with a cardboard transportation tag be tested? - ✔✔Yes! as long as the vehicle can legally be driven on the highway. Vehicle owners need to apply for registration within 20 days of entering PA. There are two main forms that are presented to a customer following an inspection... - ✔✔Passing = one form Failing = two forms What is the form given if a vehicle fails inspection? - ✔✔The repair data form to complete and return upon re-inspection (should be completed regardless of who performs the repairs). What are the rules when a customer challenges an I/M result? - ✔✔Must be made within 10 days of the date on which the vehicle failed. If vehicle passes, an emissions sticker must be issued for the vehicle and must not be charged. Customer must pay if the retest fails. When is proof of insurance required? - ✔✔Not for emissions but it is required for safety inspection. What do you fill the mileage field with if the odometer does not work? What does this signify to PennDOT? - ✔✔All zero's except for the last digit which should be a 1 (000001). Signifies that it was not working when the vehicle was inspected. Procedures that apply to the emissions sticker: - ✔✔Do not remove any stickers until the vehicle has passed inspection and is issued a new sticker.
What if a vehicle has failed an emissions test, the owner has met the minimum emissions- related repair costs and the vehicle still fails the emissions test? - ✔✔The owner may be eligible for a waiver. When should a waiver be offered? - ✔✔Any time a customer is eligible. If interested explain the next steps and whether or not your station can provide the waiver. Who can issue a waiver? - ✔✔A certified repair technician What is the cost limit? - ✔✔$150. A vehicle may qualify for a waiver if: - ✔✔Failed initial and retest Owner presents the VIR from failed test Presents a completed repair data form Owner has documentation indicating that the cost limit has been met. Repairs have been made within the 60 days Repairs may include labor and electronic diagnosis performed by any recognized repair facility. Repairs on the form were actually performed Vehicle is equipped with all emissions system components as originally installed by the manufacturer Documenting Waivers - ✔✔VIR from initial test failure VIR from second failure Completed repair form Receipts/invoices documenting the cost limit has been satisfied with repairs related to the failure. The sticker issuance report Stations should have a "waiver file" to present when requested by an auditor.
What is done during the pre-inspection safety evaluation? - ✔✔The vehicle is checked to make sure you can safely perform an emissions inspection without causing risk or harm to yourself and/or causing damage to the vehicle. What is the unique reference number for the vehicle? - ✔✔VIN What if bar code scanning is not possible? - ✔✔The equipment will require duplicate data entry to ensure the accurate collection of critical vehicle information. What will a certified emissions inspector look for during a visual antitampering check? - ✔✔Catalytic Converter EGR Valve PCV Valve Fuel Intake Restrictor Air Pump Evaporative control system components (vapor canisters and lines) ((SES light does NOT matter)) What is a gap cap test? - ✔✔To see if the gas cap seals properly. What happens if a gas cap is not properly sealed? - ✔✔Harmful evaporative emissions are released into the atmosphere. What if a gas cap is locked? - ✔✔Vehicle must be rejected from testing. What is the tailpipe Emissions Test (No-Load Testing)? - ✔✔Two speed idle test that measures the vehicles exhaust emissions at 2,500 revolutions per minute and at idle. (PASS, FAIL, or INVALID)
True or False: 2 readiness monitors can be "Not Ready" with vehicles 1996 and newer. - ✔✔True True or False: Only 1 readiness monitor for cars newer than 2001. - ✔✔True What is the Positive Crankcase Ventilation System's purpose? - ✔✔To control cylinder blow-by gases and HC emissions. What is the purpose of the Evaporative Emissions System? - ✔✔To capture and store HC emissions produced by the evaporation fuel from the storage system. What are the EGR valves used for? - ✔✔To reduce NOx emissions on some engines. This is accomplished by allowing a metered amount of gas to be reintroduced into the combustion process to displace O2, which then reduces peak combustion temps. Air pumped into the exhaust helps to? - ✔✔Oxidize exhaust gases before they enter the catalyst and helps quickly bring the catalytic converter up to operating temps. Powertrain Control Module - ✔✔Use a microprocessor that processes info from engine inputs (sensors) and command outputs (actuators). Can store info for future access. The DLC configuration and placement in the vehicle were also standardized by OBD-II regulations is from what 1990 act? - ✔✔Federal Clean Air Act Where is the DLC required to be? - ✔✔Somewhere between the left end of the driver's side of the instrument panel and 1 foot beyond the centerline on or below the instrument panel.
True or False: Consists of a five-character alphanumeric code consisting of a single letter character followed by four numbers. - ✔✔True Freeze Frame - ✔✔Where emissions related malfunctions are stored. When does the malfunction indicator light flash? - ✔✔When severe misfire occurs that could damage the catalytic converter. Continuous monitors: - ✔✔Engine misfire Fuel system performance Comprehensive components Non continuous monitors - ✔✔EGR O2 sensors Catalytic Converter Evaporative emissions system Others if equipped
