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PADI Open Water Dive Course Knowledge Reviews 1- 5
Exam Questions with Answers
Knowledge review 1 - Answer-
At 10 metres/33 feet you're _____ bar/ata of total pressure and the air density is ___ times as great as at the surface.
a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 - Answer- b. 2
*Pressure increases by one bar/ata for every 10 metres/33 feet of depth. So, at 10 metres/33 feet, the total pressure is 2 bar/ata (one from water pressure and one from atmospheric pressure). Density increases proportionally, so at 2 bar/ata the density is 2 times as great, at 3 bar/ata the density is 3 times as great, etc.
As I descend, I need to equalize air spaces. Which of the following are accepted ways of equalizing my ears? (choose all that apply)
a. Block my nose and attempt to gently blow through it. b. Swallow and wiggle the jaw from side to side. c. Block my nose and blow forcefully for an extended period. - Answer- a and b
*To equalize your ears and sinuses, pinch your nose and blow gently against it. This sends air from your throat into your ears and sinuses. Some people find that wiggling their jaws side-to-side and swallowing also works. Do not use forceful or extended equalizations.
During a descent, I try to equalize but discover I'm having trouble doing so. Which of the following is correct?
a. Slow my descent, signal my buddy to slow down, and equalize more forcefully. b. Stop my descent, signal my buddy, ascend slightly and try again. c. Continue my descent while equalizing repeatedly. d. Signal my buddy, ascend to the surface and start my descent over. Submit - Answer- b. Stop my descent, signal my buddy, ascend slightly and try again.
*If you can't equalize, stop your descent immediately. Signal your buddy(ies) or instructor. Ascend slightly until the discomfort passes and try again. If you still can't equalize, stop the dive. Continuing to descend with unequalized air spaces can lead to serious injuries!
I should equalize
a. early and often, before I feel discomfort. b. only if I experience pain. c. the same as - Answer- a. early and often, before I feel discomfort.
*Equalize every metre/few feet, before you feel discomfort. If you wait until you feel discomfort, equalization may be difficult or impossible. When you equalize as often as you should, you don't feel discomfort or pain.
I should not dive with a cold, nor use medications to dive with a cold.
a. True b. False - Answer- a. True
*Never dive with a cold or allergy. They can cause congestion that might block normal air flow and may make equalization difficult or impossible. Using cold medications is not recommended. They can wear off during a dive, and can cause equalization problems as you ascend.
The most important rule in scuba diving is:
a. Breathe continuously and never hold my breath. b. Always dive with a buddy. c. Keep my mask on while in the water, even at the surface. d. Check my SPG at least every couple of minutes. - Answer- a. Breathe continuously and never hold my breath.
*If during ascent you hold your breath, blocking your airway, your lungs would over expand. Expanding air can cause serious lung overexpansion injuries. For this reason, the most important rule in scuba diving is to breathe continuously and never, ever hold your breath.
Failure to follow the most important rule in scuba diving can cause serious lung overexpansion (lung rupture) injuries, which in turn can cause paralysis and death.
a. True b. False - Answer- a. True
*Lung overexpansion injuries are among the worst injuries you can have in diving, and they are difficult to treat. But, they are also easy to avoid - never hold your breath while scuba diving.
If I feel discomfort in a body air space while ascending, the correct action is to:
b. False - Answer- a. True
*The buddy system has three overall benefits: Practicality - you assist each other before, during and after the dive. Safety - you help each other prevent problems, and you assist each other if there is an emergency. Fun - diving is a social activity; it's rewarding and fun to have someone to share underwater adventures.
The primary considerations when choosing any piece of scuba gear are: (choose all that apply)
a. suitability b. brand c. fit d. comfort - Answer- a, c, and d
*The three most important considerations when choosing scuba gear are suitability, fit and comfort. Once your gear is suitable, comfortable and fits, there are four secondary considerations: cost and features, serviceability, color and style, and accessories.
I'm planning to dive the following week and am checking my gear. I put my kit together and notice that my regulator seems to breathe harder than I remember. The appropriate action would be to:
a. Have it inspected and serviced as needed by a professional before using it. b. Go ahead and use it, but limit my dive depth to 10 metres/30 feet. c. Wash it in fresh water and see if the problem persists. - Answer- a. Have it inspected and serviced as needed by a professional before using it.
*Inspect your equipment for proper operation, wear and damage before each use. Don't dive with anything that isn't in good working order. A problem with your scuba regulator will usually need professional servicing.
There is no way to use a DIN regulator on a yoke cylinder valve.
a. True b. False - Answer- b. False
*A common option is to choose a DIN regulator with a yoke adapter, useable on either type valve.
It is important to master buoyancy control because it allows me to control whether I descend, float or am neutrally buoyant. I adjust my buoyancy frequently while diving.
a. True b. False - Answer- a. True
*You use your BCD constantly while, so buoyancy is an important skill to master.
Knowledge review 2 - Answer-
I take a colorful fish identification slate with me while diving. Lookingat the slate underwater at 12 metres/40 feet, I would expect the slateto look (choose all that apply)
a. smaller/farther away. b. more colorful. c. less colorful. d. larger/closer. - Answer- c and d
*Water magnifies by about a third, and absorbs colors. This makes objects appear larger or closer than they really are, and less colorful, although you adjust for these changes with experience.
While underwater, I want to move efficiently by (choose all that apply)
a. moving as quickly as possible. b. being streamlined. c. having just a little more weight than I actually need. d. swimming slowly and steadily. e. maintaining proper trim. - Answer- a, d, and e
*Because water is much denser than air, move slowly and steadily to conserve energy. Streamlining, proper weighting and trim help reduce drag and keep you in a horizontal swimming position.
During a dive, I can't stop shivering. The proper response would be to
a. exit the water immediately, dry off and seek warmth. b. exit the water as planned, but wear more exposure protection next time. c. exit the water when convenient, and swim rapidly to warm up. - Answer- a. exit the water immediately, dry off and seek warmth.
*Continuous shivering is a sign/symptom of hypothermia, which is a serious condition that occurs when your body has cooled so much it can no longer function normally. Exit the water immediately, dry off and seek warmth.
During a dive, my buddy and I have to swim hard because of an unexpected current. If I were to begin to feel fatigued, have labored breathing, experience a feeling of suffocation or air starvation, and perhaps feel like I may panic, I should
a. signal "up" and head to the surface. b. switch to an alternate air source.
This means we should head back when either of our SPGs read
a. 70 bar/800 psi b. 145 bar/1900 psi c. 157 bar/2270 psi d. 170 bar/2500 psi - Answer- c. 157 bar/2270 psi
*Metric calculation:You plan to reserve 50 bar and save 20 bar for your safety stop. 50 bar + 20 bar = 70 bar. Take 70 bar from your starting pressure of 200 bar. That leaves 130 bar for the dive. A third of this is 43 bar (rounded). Take this from your starting pressure of 200 bar. You will head back when either SPG reads 157 bar.Imperial calculation:You plan to reserve 500 psi and save 300 psi for your safety stop. 500 psi + 300 psi = 800 psi. Take 800 psi from your starting pressure of 3000 psi. That leaves 2200 psi for the dive. A third of this is 730 (rounded) psi. Take this from your starting pressure of 3000 psi. You will head back when either SPG reads 2270 psi.
My fin strap comes loose (later I discover that I didn't buckle it properly) while swimming at the surface in choppy waves. Which of the following habits would help me as I handle this problem? (choose all that apply)
a. Having my mask on and a mouthpiece in my mouth. b. Having enough air in my BCD for adequate buoyancy. c. Staying close to and signaling my buddy. - Answer- all of the above
*All three of these would help you handle this problem. Having your mask on and mouthpiece in lets you see and breathe with your face in the water. You avoid/help solve overexertion at the surface by being buoyant. Buddies communicate so they can stay together assist each other.
I'm about to begin a descent with my buddy. Which of the following steps should I take before actually beginning my descent? (choose all that apply)
a. equalize my ears b. orient myself to something at the surface c. check that my computer is active d. confirm that my buddy is ready e. add air to my BCD - Answer- b, c, and d
*Orienting yourself to something at the surface, checking that your computer is active and confirming that your buddy is ready, are three of the five steps you follow when you descend.
My buddies and I are wearing wet suits for exposure protection. As I descend, my buoyancy will ____________, so I should _______________ to control my buoyancy.
a. remain constant, do nothing
b. increase, release air infrequently from my BCD in large amounts c. increase, release air frequently from my BCD in small amounts d. decrease, add air infrequently to my BCD in large amounts e. decrease, add air frequently to my BCD in small amounts - Answer- e. decrease, add air frequently to my BCD in small amounts
*As you descend, your buoyancy decreases, which makes you go down faster unless you adjust for it. This results from the pressure compressing your exposure suit, making it less buoyant. You adjust for this and control your descent by adding small amounts to your BCD frequently, ideally arriving at the bottom neutrally buoyant.
I should never descend or ascend without a reference that I can follow or make contact with.
a. True b. False - Answer- b. False
*When ascending or descending without a reference, stay with your buddy. Watch your depth (and ascent rate if ascending) on your dive computer, and control your buoyancy.
As a prudent, conservative diver, the following are normal parts of my ascents: (choose all that apply)
a. ascending at 18 m/60 ft per minute (or slower if specified by my computer) b. inflating my BCD to begin my ascent c. stopping for 3 minutes at approximately 5 metres/15 feet d. adjusting my buoyancy in small amounts frequently - Answer- a, c, and d
*As a prudent, conservative diver, making a safety stop, maintaining an ascent rate of 18 m/60 ft per minute or slower and adjusting buoyancy in small amounts frequently normal parts of your ascent procedure.
While boat diving, my buddy and I finish our safety stop and ascend to the surface. When I reach the surface, I should
a. switch to my snorkel, inflate my BCD and signal "okay" to the divemaster. b. signal "okay" to the divemaster, switch to my snorkel and inflate my BCD. c. inflate my BCD, switch to my snorkel and signal "okay" to the divemaster. - Answer- c. inflate my BCD, switch to my snorkel and signal "okay" to the divemaster.
*Upon reaching the surface, keep breathing from your regulator until you've inflated your BCD and are floating comfortably. Then switch to your snorkel and signal "okay" to the divemaster.
