Download PALS HEARTCODE 2025 WITH CORRECT AND VERIFIED ANSWERS [SCORE A] and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS [SCORE A]
Where can you check a pulse on an infant and child? - correct answers infant - brachial child - femoral What are signs of increased respiratory effort that can lead to fatigue and respiratory failure? Select all that apply nasal flaring unlabored breathing apnea seesaw respirations retractions head bobbing - correct answers nasal flaring seesaw respirations retractions head bobbing Determine the respiratory rate by counting the number of times the chest rises in _____ seconds and multiplying by _____. - correct answers 30 2
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS [SCORE A]
Tachypnea is often the first sign of respiratory ______ in infants - correct answers distress Hypotension fro children 1 to 10 years of age is a systolic blood pressure of less than 40mmHg + 2 x age in years 50mmHg + 2 x age in years 60mmHg + 2 x age in years 70mmHg + 2 x age in years - correct answers 70mmHg + 2 x age in years What sequence is used when care for a seriously ill or injured child to help determine the best treatment or intervention? The __________ ___________ ____________ sequence - correct answers Evaluate Identify Intervene Automated blood pressure cuffs may provide _________ ________ readings when the child is in shock. - correct answers inaccurately high The primary assessment included the ABCDE approach. What does it assess? - correct answers Airway, breathing, circulation, disability, exposure What does a prolonged capillary refill time indicate? - correct answers low cardiac output
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS [SCORE A]
intracranial pressure If ________ is not identified and treated immediately, it can result in ________ injury - correct answers hypoglycemia brain What are the 4 indicators of the AVPU scale that are used to determine responsiveness? - correct answers Alert Responds to pain Unresponsive Responds to voice If the child does not respond to voice, assess the child's response to ______ - correct answers pain What should you look for when exposing the child? - correct answers Bruising purpura bleeding What does the mnemonic SAMPLE stand for? - correct answers Signs & symptoms allergies medications
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS [SCORE A]
PMH
last meal events leading to illness/injury What should be included in the history when asking about medications? - correct answers OTC medications current prescribed medications Which component of SAMPLE assesses immunization status? - correct answers PMH What are some examples of diagnostic assessments? - correct answers ABG VBG Hemoglobin Concentration What dictates the timing of diagnostic assessments? - correct answers clinical situation Which component of effective high-performance teams is represented by the use of real-time feedback devices? - correct answers Quality Crackles happen during ________ and grunting happens during ________ - correct answers inspiration
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS [SCORE A]
clear messaging Which resuscitation strategy will result in an improved chest compression fraction? - correct answers hovering over the chest during compression pauses What is one way to increase chest compression fraction during a code? - correct answers Charging the defibrillator 15 seconds before a rhythm check A chest compression fraction of at least ____ is recommended, and a goal of ____ is often achievable with good teamwork - correct answers 60% 80% What is chest compression fraction? - correct answers proportion of time that compressions are performed For an unwitnessed cardiac arrest, what should you do after determining unresponsiveness and there is no breathing or pulse? - correct answers perform high-quality CPR for 2 mins What is the definition of oxygen saturation? - correct answers the amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin Children develop hypoxemia and tissue hypoxia more quickly than adults because of their? - correct answers higher metabolic rate
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS [SCORE A]
In infants and toddlers, the young and epiglottis, relative to those of an adult are ________ - correct answers large How can normal spontaneous breathing be characterized? - correct answers quiet unlabored inspiration Increased WOB can be associated with ________ airway resistance and/or ________ lung compliance. - correct answers increased decreased What happens when airway resistance increases? - correct answers WOB increases Which of the following describes laminar or normal airflow? - correct answers low airway resistance and a small driving pressure what is the role of the diaphragm contraction during normal breathing in infants? - correct answers pulls the ribs slightly inward which is a characteristic of muscle weakness? - correct answers seesaw breathing Which of the following is true about airway resistance? - correct answers when airway resistance increases, work of breathing increases
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS [SCORE A]
How can gastric inflation impair bag mask ventilation? - correct answers It decreases lung compliance What is the most appropriate precautionary action to minimize gastric inflation during bag-mask ventilation? - correct answers Deliver each breath over 1 second Hypoxemia is defined as oxygen saturation less than _____ - correct answers 94% Which is true about the difference between hypoxemia and tissue hypoxia? - correct answers Tissue hypoxia can occur with normal arterial spo What does hyperventilation, which refers to increase alveolar ventilation result in - correct answers PaCO2 <35mmHg What happens to the arterial oxygen level in a child with severe anemia? - correct answers may increase when dissolved oxygen is increased Which is true of increased CO2 tension in the arterial blood? - correct answers it may be caused by disordered control of breathing What happens when ventilation is inadequate? - correct answers CO2 levels rise and pH falls
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS [SCORE A]
What is a critical sign of hypercarbia? - correct answers Decreased level of consciousness What can indicate mild respiratory distress? - correct answers What can indicate mild respiratory distress? Which of the following indicates severe respiratory distress? - correct answers marked tachypnea and/or apnea Which of the following statements about respiratory failure is true? - correct answers may occur without signs of respiratory distress Which is most likely to be present in a child who has respiratory distress (not respiratory failure)? - correct answers ability to maintain a patent airway What steps should be taken as a part of initial management of a child in respiratory distress? - correct answers Monitor O2 by pulse ox Monitor hr, rhythm, and bpSupport open airway Which are ideal characteristic of face masks for ventilation? - correct answers covers mouth & nose has soft rim transparent
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS [SCORE A]
What does the E-C clamp technique include? - correct answers using the third, fourth & fifth fingers of one hand along the jaw to lift it forward using the thumb and index finger of the same hand to hold the face mask When may a 2-person bag-max technique be preferable? - correct answers when making a seal is difficult when there is significant airway resistance When suctioning a patient, which of the following should be monitored? - correct answers HR O2 saturation clinical appearance What should you do to help reduce the risk of hypoxemia during suctioning? - correct answers limit suction attempts to 10 seconds or less Under what circumstance should you use an oropharyngeal airway? - correct answers the child must me unconscious What can happen if the oropharyngeal airway is too large? - correct answers it can block the airway
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS [SCORE A]
When measuring for an oropharyngeal airway, it should extend from the corner of the mouth to the angle of the - correct answers jaw The inspired oxygen concentration fo a low-flow oxygen delivery system is between ____% to ____% - correct answers 22 60 The appropriate flow rate for a simple mask is ___ to ____ L/min - correct answers 6 10 For a nonrebreathing mask to be effective, the oxygen flow rate must be at least ____ L/min - correct answers 10 High-flow oxygen systems reliably deliver an oxygen concentration of greater than _____% - correct answers 60% The gas flow rate for a nebulizer treatment is ___ to ___ L/min - correct answers 5 6 What is an indication that the nebulizer treatment is complete? - correct answers No mist is visible
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS [SCORE A]
The infant most likely has what type of respiratory emergency? - correct answers upper airway obstruction According to the systematic approach algorithm, what are the correct assessments to perform during the evaluation phase? - correct answers initial, primary, secondary The infant is responsive and is breathing. What is an initial measure that you can perform to maintain his airway? - correct answers Sit him up What are the components of breathing assessment? - correct answers lung and airway sounds chest expansion and air movement oxygen saturation respiratory rate respiratory effort When calculating the tube size based on the child's age, to avoid injury to the subglottic area, you should use an endotracheal tube that is: - correct answers half a size smaller than predicted for the child Which anatomical features may contribute to upper airway obstruction in infants? - correct answers large tongue large occiput When monitoring pulse oximetry in a child, what finding would prompt immediate evaluation of the child? - correct answers there is a decrease in oxygen saturation
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS [SCORE A]
What are the common causes of lower airway obstruction? - correct answers bronchiolitis asthma What are the common cause of upper airway obstruction? - correct answers airway swelling thick secretions tonsillar hypertrophy (airway swelling) Bag-mask ventilation has been used on child with lower airway obstruction. Which complication may occur? - correct answers Lung collapse decreased blood return to the heart Which of the following may cause lung tissue disease? - correct answers PNA How can small airways be obstructed in acute lower airway obstruction? - correct answers Smooth muscle bronchial constriction mucus plugging When should administration of magnesium sulfate be considered in a child with asthma? - correct answers moderate to severe distress
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS [SCORE A]
Which of the following are most commonly associated with disordered control of breathing? - correct answers neuro disorders drug overdose What intervention can reduce metabolic demand in a child with pneumonia? - correct answers treat the fever What are the characteristics of shock? - correct answers decreased level of consciousness inadequate peripheral perfusion decreased end-organ perfusion Which type of respiratory problem is most likely in a child with an altered level of consciousness and variable respiratory rate? - correct answers disordered control of breathing What is the most accurate definition of shock? - correct answers inadequate tissue perfusion What should you do before suctioning a child who has upper airway obstruction? - correct answers determine the underlying cause of the obstruction If cardiac output is compromised, signed of poor perfusion will be _____ even if blood pressure is normal - correct answers present
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS [SCORE A]
Low blood pressure in children is defined as systolic blood pressure less than ______ percentile for age - correct answers fifth For general shock management, administer an isotonic crystalloid bolus of __ mL/kg over __ to __min - correct answers 20 ml 5 - 20min
