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Clonorchis sinensis (Opisthorchis sinensis)
Chinese liver fluke
acquired from eating raw fish
cirrhosis of liver, diarrhea, edema, pain
diagnosis: detect eggs in fecal samples
fibrosis of bile ducts, blockage of bile passages,
hepatomegaly, jaundice, ascites, death
TERM 2
Fascioloa hepatica
DEFINITION 2
sheep liver fluke
eat vegetation contaminated with metacercaria
forms dense fibrotic areas in liver
TERM 3
Fasciolopsis buski
DEFINITION 3
intestinal fluke
man and pigs
hemorrhage and abscesses of small intestine
adult worm develops in GI tract causing damage and
releasing of eggs
TERM 4
Paragonimus westermani
DEFINITION 4 lung fluke carnivores, pigs, rodents and man may be fatal intermediate host is crab, crayfish, or of the like sputum tinged with red streaks (hemoptysis) ingestion of uncooked crabs, raw or marinated in wine adults live in fibrotic capsules in lung and eggs trapped in lung tissues diagnosis: eggs in sputum or feces or radiological TERM 5
Schistosoma mansoni
DEFINITION 5 Africa, Middle East, S. America, Caribbean found in inferior mesenteric veins of definitive host acute phase disease: onset of egg laying; Katayama fever chronic phase disease: due to eggs, not adults granuloma surrounding eggs causes fibrosis sequelae: blockage of blood flow through liver; eggs enter systemic circulation; GI hemorrhage and fibrosis
Schistosoma japonicum
Asia adults found in superior mesenterics (veins) pathology worse than mansoni due to 10x higher egg production and smaller eggs acute phase disease: onset of egg laying; Katayama fever chronic phase disease: due to eggs, not adults granuloma surrounding eggs causes fibrosis sequelae: blockage of blood flow through liver; eggs enter systemic circulation; GI hemorrhage and fibrosis from animal feces TERM 7
Schistosoma haematobium
DEFINITION 7 Africa, Middle East, India, Portugal adults found in venous plexuses surrounding urinary bladder eggs have conspicuous terminal spine most eggs passed in urine, not feces pathology - mostly in urinary tract; cause fibrosis of bladder, calcification of bladder wall, and increased pressure on ureters causing hydronephrosis squamous cell carcinoma (bladder cancer) TERM 8
Taenia solium
DEFINITION 8 pork tapeworm - infection by eating cysticerci (larvae) human as definitive host mature proglottid - reproductive structures w/o eggs gravid: reproductive structures w/ eggs cysticerci form in muscle eggs are always round with thick wall and 6 hooks inside diagnosis: identification of eggs or segments treatment: praziquantel and niclosamide cysticercosis can lead to development in brain (neurocysticercosis) TERM 9
Taenia saginata
DEFINITION 9 beef tapeworm - infection by eating cysticerci (larvae) human as definitive host mature proglottid - reproductive structures w/o eggs gravid: reproductive structures w/ eggs cysticerci form in muscle eggs are always round with thick wall suckers, but no hooks diagnosis: identification of eggs or segments treatment: praziquantel and niclosamide TERM 10
Diphyllobothrium latum
DEFINITION 10
trematode-like (pseudophyllidean tapeworm egg)
egg has operculum
no spines on scolex
intermediate host is copepod
absorbs a lot of Vitamin B
disease common in Finland, but can be found in US
around the lakes
ingest larvae in raw fish
