Patho physiology weekly notes, Lecture notes of Pathophysiology

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Cardiac Health Problems

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7NOU4McjtXs

● William Harvey: In the 17th century, English physician William Harvey conducted extensive research and experiments on the cardiovascular system. Through his work, he accurately described the circulation of blood in the body. He demonstrated that the heart acts as a pump, propelling blood through a closed system of arteries and veins. Harvey's work was published in his landmark book "De Motu Cordis" (On the Motion of the Heart) in 1628, which laid the foundation for modern understanding of the cardiovascular system.

Definition Preview

preload

volume of blood returning to heart, creating "stretch" or tension of myocardial fibers at end diastole

angina pectoris

chest pain associated with anaerobic metabolism from decreased

oxygen supply to myocardium https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-I-NN2PSAU

Ischemia https://www.youtube.com/shorts/9szAz2gkKj

insufficient blood flow leading to decreased oxygen supply to tissues causing anaerobic cellular metabolism rather than aerobic metabolism https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C0BUPHYQ1h4&t=170s

Automaticity

ability of a cardiac muscle cell to contract independently, without normal stimulation

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6LrptveKYus&t=343s

Cardiac output

amount of blood pumped out of left

ventricle each minute;

determined by

Heart Rate x Stroke Volume

https://www.youtube.com /watch?v=vFRkSB46bl

Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)

graphic representation of electrical activity of heart

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ScZVGHDisa

Intermittent claudication

cramping in lower extremities, especially when walking or with exercise

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zU6JgZuqMmk&t=109s

Mitral valve prolapse

mitral valve opens backward toward atrium causing regurgitation of blood from ventricle to atrium

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q84DwBABbY

Myocarditis

an inflammatory disorder of heart muscle that is unrelated to coronary artery disease or myocardial infarction

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SCwm5k8ULGk

Regurgitation

a condition in which blood flows backward through a valve that should be closed but cannot close completely because of damage or disease

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q84DwBABbY

Stenosis

a condition in which valves of heart become hardened and blood does not flow through them adequately

https://www.youtube.com /watch?v=dip_4io2_4A