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PC707 Final Safety Exam | 100% Correct
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First line for tx of constipation in pregnancy? - ✔✔bulk forming laxatives (citrucel) and glycerin suppositories. which constipation tx is contraindicated in pregnancy? - ✔✔Castor Oil is category X; rectal enemas are contraindicated Contraindications of Calciu carbonate antacids? - ✔✔contraindicated in presence of hypercalcemia and renal calculi adverse drug reactions for long-term use of PPIs? - ✔✔iron, b12, calcium deficiency - leads to osteoporosis, increased hip fractures. Also increased risk for c-diff, salmonella, and camphylobacter infections dose of an antacid should be separated from taking other medications by hours? - ✔✔ 2 hours calcium and aluminum antacids can cause - ✔✔constipation magnesium antacids can cause - ✔✔diarrhea Schedule 2 controlled substance rx are written for a ___ day supply without refills - ✔✔ 30 hydrocodone is a sched drug - ✔✔ 2 cox- 2 inhibitors have a blackbox warning for what? - ✔✔increased risk for cardiovascular events milnacipran, duloxetine (cymbalta) and pregabalin (Lyrica) are the three drugs FDA approved for what? - ✔✔Fibromyalgia
what are the 2 contraindications for metformin? - ✔✔renal disease or dysfunction and metabolic acidosis what is a major side effect of insulin? - ✔✔hypoglycemia 3 Rare but serious side effect of Bisphosphonates - ✔✔atypical fractures of the femur and hip, esophageal cancer, and osteonecrosis of the jaw - no dental implants OTIS - Organization of Teratology Information Specialists - good reference? - ✔✔yes physicians desk reference - good reference? - ✔✔no lactmed - good reference? - ✔✔yes Angioedema and anaphylaxis is what type of immune response? - ✔✔type 1 - IgE mediated, immediate type hypersensitivity The time period over which the drug concentration will decrease by half. - ✔✔half life The chemical alteration of drugs via enzymes into molecules called metabolites. can increase or decrease the onset, duration of action and toxicity of a medication. - ✔✔metabolism name six steps of rational drug prescribing - ✔✔1. define patient's problem, 2. specify therapeutic objective, 3. choose treatments, 4. start treatment (consider cost), 5. educate patient, 6. monitor gold standard pharm tx for pregnant women? - ✔✔insulin rare but serious side effect of bisphosphonates ( alendronate (fosamax), risedronate (Actonel), zoledronic acid (Reclast and Aclasta); ibandronate (Boniva)) - ✔✔osteonecrosis of the jaw d/t reduction in blood supply to the jaw. - pt may not be able to have dental implant major side effect of regular insulin - ✔✔hypoglycemia
what is the FDA warning associated with simvastatin? - ✔✔rhabdomyosis - pt should notify immediately if muscle tenderness or pain, abd pain what should be given to all patients with recent or remote hx of MI? - ✔✔beta blocker problem with children using tetracycline? - ✔✔children age 8 and younger should neve ruse - cause permanent teeth discoloration fluoroquinolones black box warning? - ✔✔risk of tendon rupture and tendonitis who gets endocarditis prophylaxis - ✔✔only those with prosthetic heart valve, previous infetive endocardidits, some CHF pts, cardiac transplant pt with valve regurg -- undergoing dental procedures that involve manipulation of gigival tissue or periapical region of teeth what is antibiogram? - ✔✔Overall profile of antimicrobial susceptibility testing results of a specific microorganism to a battery of antimicrobials - used to help guide in selecting best empiric microbial tx while waiting for a culture and sensitivity -- can also monitor trends in antimicrobial resistance in certain communities patient teaching for nasal corticosteroids? - ✔✔1. use daily; 2. insert tip at entrance of nares; 3. follow angle of nose with tip of spray bottle. 4. depress plunger completely to get full dose decongestants contraindication? - ✔✔oral decongestants are contraindicated in individuals with uncontrolled hypertension; should be used cautiously in pts with HTN that are treated. - can cause elevated BP when are cough suppressants appropriate? - ✔✔only when the client has a nonproductive cough or for rest at night. The opioids should be avoided in patients with COPD and a history of substance abuse. sudafed is associated with what in 1st trimester? - ✔✔gastroschisis is sudafed safe in 2nd and 3rd trimester? - ✔✔yes, considered safe
TCAs are contraindicated for? - ✔✔cardiovascular disease due to alpha adrenergic effects. safest SSRI for children? - ✔✔prozac - start at half normal dose and titrate what is the best drug to use with an SSRI while waiting for full effects? - ✔✔short term use of benzo saffest SSRI in pregnancy and bfing? - ✔✔sertraline (zoloft) carbamazepine and lamictal black box warning? - ✔✔stevens johnson syndrom, toxic epidurmal necrolysis carbamazepine (tegretol) associated w what in pregnancy? - ✔✔fetal malformations why can't preg women take excedrin migraine? - ✔✔contains asa why can't preg women take ergot derivatives (Ergotamine) - ✔✔pregnancy category x should preg women take triptans - imitrex? - ✔✔no tx for preg women with migraines? - ✔✔Apap, fiorocet, opioid pain management benefit of Cox- 2 inhibitors (celebrex, viox, etc) - ✔✔less GI irritation; but can cause cardiac issues can ACE inhibitors and ARBs be used in pregnancy? - ✔✔NO What is the lowest strength statin? - ✔✔lovastatin
