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Penn Foster Veterinary Pharmacology Final Exam (Learning Objectives to study for Final (review questions from all chapters) Quiz____? Describe how drugs affect the nervous system - Answer✓✓ Drugs affect the nervous system by acting at the synaptic junctions to promote neurotransmitter's activity, mimic their actions, or block them from acting. Quiz____? Identify examples of respiratory drugs - Answer✓✓ Expectorants, mucolytics, antitussives, bronchodilators, decongestants Quiz____? List which drugs are used to relieve pain and inflammation - Answer✓✓ NSAIDs, Opioids, Antihistamines, muscle relaxers, steroids, nerve blocks Quiz____? Describe how antiparasitic drugs work - Answer✓✓ Antiparasitic drugs work by destroying parasites or inhibiting their growth. Most work by interfering with the parasite's nervous system to prevent them from moving.
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Quiz____? Describe how drugs affect the nervous system -
Drugs affect the nervous system by acting at the synaptic junctions to promote neurotransmitter's activity, mimic their actions, or block them from acting. Quiz____? Identify examples of respiratory drugs -
Expectorants, mucolytics, antitussives, bronchodilators, decongestants Quiz____? List which drugs are used to relieve pain and inflammation -
NSAIDs, Opioids, Antihistamines, muscle relaxers, steroids, nerve blocks Quiz____? Describe how antiparasitic drugs work -
Antiparasitic drugs work by destroying parasites or inhibiting their growth. Most work by interfering with the parasite's nervous system to prevent them from moving. Quiz____? Discuss why replacement drugs are often necessary for animal health -
Quiz____? Explain the veterinary technician's role in inventory control -
keeping the staff informed regarding discontinued items, knowing the dates on which backordered items will be released from the vendor, packing up goods awaiting return to the vendor (e.g., expired items), rotating stock correctly, maintaining current
Quiz____? Define: Over-the-counter drug -
One that may be purchased without prescription from a veterinarian Quiz____? Define: Prescription Drug -
One that must be used under the supervision of a veterinarina Quiz____? Define: Receptor -
a group of specialized molecules on or in a cell that bind with a drug to produce an effect Quiz____? Define: Therapeutic Index -
expresses the relationship between a drug's therapeutic and harmful effects
Quiz____? Define: Withdrawl Time -
Amount of time that must elapse between the end of drug therapy and elimination of that drug from patients tissues or products Quiz____? Define: Veterinarian-client-patient relationship -
Relationship that must exist between the vet, the patient, and the owner before prescription drugs can be dispensed. Quiz____? List 4 sources of drugs used in Vet Med -
Animal product, plant material, minerals, synthetic products Quiz____?
Quiz____? Describe the sequence of events that a drug undergoes from administration to excretion -
Drug is absorbed (or placed directly) into the bloodstream, the drug may bind with plasma in the blood or may exist in free state, circulating blood distributes drug to capillary level where it leaves circulation and enters interstitial fluid. it bathes the cell and allows drug to bind to cell surface receptors or enter the cell. It then exits the cell and moves back into interstitial fluid, reenters circulation, and is transported to liver for metabolism. The metabolite is then transported to kidneys for excretion. Quiz____? List 11 possible routes for administering a drug to a patient. -
Oral, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, intraperitoneal, intraarterial, intracardiac, intramedullary, inhalation, topical, intradermal Quiz____? List some of the factors that influence drug absorption -
Method of absorption, pH of the drug and ionization status, absorptive surface area, blood supply to area, solubility of drug, dosage form, status of GI tract, and interactions with other drugs Quiz____? Most biotransformation occurs in the_____ -
Liver Quiz____? Most drug excretion occurs via the ______ -
Kidneys Quiz____? Drugs usually produce their effects by combining with specific cellular_____ -
Receptors
Why do many vet clinics dispense rather than prescribe most of the drugs that they use? -
Profit earned from selling products Quiz____? Describe the marketing of animal health products -
Purchased from manufacturers, distributors, or generic mail order companies. May be sold only one label to graduate veterinarians and under another as over-the-counter Quiz____? all FDA-approved veterinary drugs are listed in the publication entitled_____ -
The Green Book Quiz____? What is the purpose of FARAD? -
Provides resources concerning the avoidance of drug residues in animals
Quiz____? Extralabel veterinary drug use was made legal (under prescribed circumstances) by what act of congress? -
Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act (AMDUCA) Quiz____? Define Compounding -
Diluting or combingin existing drugs Quiz____? What are potential dangers of residues in animal products -
May cause allergic reaction or neoplasia in people, may cause the development of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria Quiz____?
Quiz____? A reason to use a drug is a(n)_____ -
Indication Quiz____? Diagnostic method of choosing a drug is based on all of the following except a. Practical experience b. Assesment of the patient c. Obtaining a history d. Performing lab tests -
A. Practical experience. Quiz____? Define: extralabel -
Using a drug in a way not specified by the label
Quiz____? Complex sequence of events that occurs after a drug is administered is called____ -
Pharmacokinetics Quiz____? Parenteral drugs are administered________ -
by injections. Quiz____? The body's ability to change a drug chemically from the form in which it was administered into a form that can be eliminated from the body is called_____ -
Metabolism (biotransformation) Quiz____? Degree to which a drug produces its desired response in a patient is called________ -
Drugs for oral administration, drugs for parenteral administration, drugs for inhalation, and drugs for topical inhalations. Quiz____? Boluses are used in the treatment of -
Large animals with a balling gun Quiz____? name two types of parenteral injection forms -
injections, implants. Quiz____? Vials may be either ___ dose or ___ dose -
single-, multi-
Quiz____? All needles should be discarded in a _____ -
sharps container Quiz____? Name the 6 rights of drug administration -
Right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, right time and frequency, right documentation Quiz____? Oral drugs should never be adminsitered in animals that are -
Vomiting Quiz____? Intravenous administration of drugs allows the most _____ and effective administration -
Quiz____? Why should drugs be given by injection not be stored in syringes for any length of time before administration? -
The plastic syringe may absorb the drug, which may cause it to be less effective Quiz____? List 4 types of syringe tips that are available for use -
luer-lock, slip-tip, eccentric, catheter tip Quiz____? A tuberculin syringe holds up to _____mL of medication -
Quiz____? A(n) ______ is an agent that produces superficial irritation that is intended to relieve some other irritation -
Counter irritant Quiz____? What type of syringe is divided into units rather than mls? -
insulin syringe Quiz____? A(n) _____ will usually separate after long periods of shelf life and must be shaken well before use to provide a uniform dose -
suspension Quiz____? Which syringe is constructed in such a way that the needle screws onto the tip of the syringe? -
Luer-Lok tip
