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- *Self-Actualization and Self-Transcendence Needs (B-needs)
### Person-Centered Approach:
Carlperson-centered Rogers was therapyan^ influential and hisAmerican theory^ ofpsychologist personality.^ knownHere's^ foran^ hisoverview^ development of Carl^ ofRogers'
person-centered approach,^ characteristics^ of^ a^ fully^ functioning^ person,^ positive^ regard,
conditionsapproach: in person-centered^ therapy,^ as^ well^ as^ the^ strengths^ and^ limitations^ of^ this
Carl rogers
Definition: The person-centered approach, also known as client-centered therapy, emphasizesbased on the the belief client's that^ subjective experience,individuals have the capacity^ self-exploration, for self-awareness,^ and^ self-actualization. growth, and^ It^ is
healing within a supportive^ therapeutic^ environment.
Characteristics of a Fully Functioning Person:
lnpoztant
inner-^ Congruence: experiences and values.^ The^ individual's^ thoughts,^ feelings,^ and^ behaviors^ are^ aligned^ with^ their
- including Openness emotions,^ to^ Experience: thoughts, and^ Willingness experiences.^ to^ explore^ and^ accept^ all^ aspects^ of^ oneself, on.^ Existential the^ past^ or^ Living:worrying^ Livingabout^ authenticallythe^ future.^ and^ in^ the^ present^ moment,^ rather^ than^ dwelling decision-making-^ Organismic^ Valuing and behavior.^ Process:^ Trusting^ one's^ own^ inner^ wisdom^ and^ intuition^ to^ guide
Positive Regard:
one's-^ Sense own^ oflife^ Freedom: and actions.^ Feeling^ empowered^ to^ make^ choices^ and^ take^ responsibility^ for
support-^ Unconditional to the client^ Positive^ without^ Regard:^ judgment^ The^ or^ conditions.therapist^ offers^ This^ createsacceptance,^ a safe^ understanding,^ and^ non-judgmental^ and
space for the client to explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences.
- conditions Conditional or expectations,^ Positive^ Regard: which canPositive hinder^ regard the client's^ that^ is abilitycontingent to fully^ upon express themselves^ meeting^ certain and inhibit personal growth.
####Conditions in Person-Centered Therapy
- Empathy: The therapist strives to understand the client's subjective experience and
perspective, showing empathy and,compassion.
with theGenuineness**: client, fostering^ The therapisttrust and israpport.^ authentic,^ transparent,^ and^ congruent^ in^ their^ interactions
### Strengths:
"Unconditional Positive Regard*: The therapist offers acceptance, warmth, and support to
environment.the^ client^ without^ judgment^ or^ conditions,^ creating^ a^ safe^ and^ non-judgmental^ therapeutic
- Empowerment: Person-centered therapy empowers clients to explore their own experiences, values,and goals, leading to greater self-awareness and autonomy. experiences,"Holistic^ Approach**; and relationships,^ It^ addresses rather^ the than^ whole focusing^ person, solely^ including on symptoms^ their^ emotions, or pathology.^ thoughts,
-Client-Centered: The^ approach^ prioritizes^ the^ client's^
subjective experience^ and
perspective, fostering^ a^ collaborative^ and^
non-directive therapeutic^ relationship.
###Limitations:
-Lack of^ Structure:^ Some^ critics^ argue that
person-centered^ therapy^ lacks
structure and
may not^ be^ suitable^ for^ clients^ who^ require^
more directive^ or structured^ interventions.
Dependence on^ Therapist^ Skills:^ Effective^
implementation of^ person-centered^ therapy
relies heavily^ on^ the^ therapist's^ ability^ to^ provide^
empathic understanding,^ genuine^ warmth. and unconditional^ positive^ regard,^ which^ may^ vary^
among practitioners. Not Suitable^ for^ Severe^ Disorders:^ Person-centered^
therapy may^ not^ be^ appropriate^ for clients with^ severe^ mental^ health issues or^ conditions^
that require^ more intensive^ or
specialized treatment approaches.
Existential approach Basic Distinguishing^ Features^ of^ the^ Existential^ Approach:
1. Subjective^ Experience:^ Emphasizes^ the^ individual's^
unique perspective^ and^ lived
experience of existence.
Read
- Freedom^ and^ Responsibility:^ Focuses^ on^ individual^
freedom to^ choose and^ the responsibility to take^ ownership^ of^ one's^ life.
Rollo May:
- Search^ for^ Meaning:^ Explores^ questions^ of^ meaning,^ purpose,^ and^
authenticity, acknowledging existential angst.
Rollo May^ was^ a^ prominent^ existential^ psychologist^ who^ contributed^ significantly^
to the understanding of^ human^ existence^ and^ psychology.
Tenets^ of^ Existentialism^ (Rollo^ May):
1. *Daseint:^ Being-there;^ the^ individual's^ experiences^ and^ interpretations^ of^ the^
world in^ the
present moment.
2.Eigenwelt Modes (individual^ of^ Existence: consciousness).^ Umwelt^ (physical^ aspects),^ Mitwelt^ (personal^ relationships),
3.emptiness, Alienation: and despair.^ Estrangement^ from^ some^ aspect^ of^ existence,^ leading^ to^ loneliness,
4.make *Freedomt: authentic choices.^ Fundamental^ principle^ allowing^ individuals^ to^ transcend^ circumstances^ and
their choices and actions.5.^ Responsibility:^ Inseparable^ from^ freedom,^ individuals^ assume^ full^ responsibility^ for
6.oneself. Ontology:^ Study^ of^ existence,^ exploring^ what^ it^ means^ to^ be^ a^ human^ being^ and
7. Phenomenology: Study of what is given in human consciousness, seeking meaning in
subjective experience.
