Pharmacology: Introduction to Drugs - Exam Questions and Answers, Exams of Pharmacology

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PHARMACOLOGY, CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

TO DRUGS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

100% CORRECT!!!

Pharmacology - ANSWER ________Is the study if the biological effects of chemicals

Health care providers focus on how clinicals act on______organisms. - ANSWER Living( because of cells involved.)

Nursing focus= Pharmacotherapeutics ( clinical pharmacology) Deals with: (1) drugs effect on the___(2) the body's ______ - ANSWER Body, Response

Drugs - ANSWER are chemicals that are introduced into the body to cause some sort of change.

Adverse effects: - ANSWER Drug effects sometimes called side effects, that are not the desired therapeutic effects; may be unplesant or even dangerous.

What are the nurse responsibilities

1. Administering Medication _____Drug Effects
2. _____to make the drug regimen tolerable.
3. providing teaching to patients
4. Monitoring to prevent _____errors. - ANSWER Assesing

Interving

-Overdosing and taking meds incorrectly

-Medication

Drug Sources

Natural Plant based

"synthetic Version of chemical found in plants.

Popular movement?

phase II study - ANSWER a clinical study of a proposed drug by selected physicians using actual patients who have the disorder the drug is designed to treat; patients must provide informed consent

phase III study - ANSWER use of a proposed drug on a wide scale in the clinical setting with patients who have the disease the dug is thought to treat

phase IV study - ANSWER continuous evaluation of a drug after it has been released for marketing

For every _______ chemicals that can be used as drugs only.....

_______make it to the market. - ANSWER 100,000. 5

preclinical trials - ANSWER initial trial of a chemical thought to have therapeutic potential; use laboratory animals not human subjects

teratogenic - ANSWER having adverse effects on the fetus

Pregnancy Categories of safety

Category A - ANSWER Safest- well controlled in pregnant woman have not shown an increase in of fatal abnormalities.

Category B - ANSWER no risk shown in animal studies and no adequate human or risk to the fetus in animal studies but no harm to fetus in human studies.

Category C - ANSWER Risk to fetus in animal studies and no adequate human studies or no animal or adequate human studies.

Category D - ANSWER Risk to fetus has been shown in well-controlled or observational studies in pregnant patients; the benefits of therapy may outweigh the potential risks in human studies.

What are some types? - ANSWER - Alternative medicine

• oils, acupuncture, Herbs

Drug Sources

Animal Based

Replace_____chemicals

Genetically engineered

Example - ANSWER - Human chemicals- Diabetes insulin is harvested from animals.

Making insulin for diabetics.

Brand names have _____safety margin. - ANSWER Narrow

Over the counter drugs (OTC) - ANSWER drugs that are available w/o prescription for self- treatment of a variety of complaints

Over the counter drugs (OTC)

May____ have been rigorously screened and tested by current standards but now being____tested. - ANSWER Not, Further

Over the counter drugs (OTC)

Nursing considerations:

OTC drugs can mask a disease or make a diagnosis difficult May_______ with prescribed medications Not following package instructions can result in overdose. - ANSWER 2. Interact

True or false?

The primary purpose of prescription drug labeling is to give patients information they need to take medications properly. - ANSWER False- its for the providers

Drug labeling: Specific information that identifies a specific drug.

Package insert:

1. Prepared by the manufacturer
2. Contains chemical and study information that lead to____.

What are considered controlled substances. - ANSWER 3. Storage

Narcotics, Benzos-nerve pill