Pharmacology Chapter 1: Questions and Answers, Exams of Pharmacology

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PHARMACOLOGY CHAPTER 1 QUESTIONS

AND ANSWERS 100% CORRECT!!!!

What are drug effects that are not the desired therapeutic effects; may be unpleasant or even dangerous - ANSWER adverse effects

What is the name given to a drug by the pharmaceutical company that developed it; also called a trade name - ANSWER brand name

What is the name that reflects the chemical structure of a drug - ANSWER chemical name

___________ are chemicals that are introduced into the body to bring about some sort of change - ANSWER drugs

What is the federal agency responsible for the regulation and enforcement of drug evaluation and distribution policies - ANSWER FDA

What is the the original designation that a drug is given when the drug company that developed it applies for the approval process - ANSWER generic name

What is the process of altering DNA, usually of bacteria, to produce a chemical to be used as a drug - ANSWER genetic engineering

What kind of drugs are drugs that have been discovered but would not be profitable for a drug company to develop; usually drugs that would treat only a small number of people - ANSWER orphan drugs

What kind of drugs are drugs that are available without a prescription for self-treatment of a variety of complaints; deemed to be safe when used as directed - ANSWER over the counter drugs

_____________________ is the study of the biological effects of chemicals - ANSWER pharmacology

_____________________ the branch of pharmacology that deals with drugs; chemicals that are used in medicine for the treatment, prevention, and diagnosis of disease in humans - ANSWER pharmacotherapeutics

What phase of a study is a pilot study of a potential drug done with a small number of selected, healthy human volunteers - ANSWER phase 1 study

The storing, prescribing, and distributing of controlled substances—drugs that are more apt to be addictive—are monitored by - ANSWER the DEA

What are some potential reasons why nurses study pharmacology? - ANSWER be able to inform and educate the patient, observe and correlate physiological state in response to the drug taken, nurses now have a responsibility to the patient instead of just following orders to critically examine what a doctor perscribes in order to decrease future liability

What determines why nursing is not just black and white - ANSWER patient vulnerabilities

__________________ is the study of the biological effects of chemicals - ANSWER pharmacology

Drugs are chemicals that are introduced in the body to... - ANSWER cause some sort of change

What are some nurse responsibilities with pharmacology - ANSWER administering the drug, assessing for adverse drug effects, intervening to make the drug regimen more tolerable, providing patient teachings about drugs and the drug regimen, monitoring and preventing medication errors

Which incurrs more responsibility drug administration or pushing pills and why? - ANSWER Drug administration because the nurse is accountable for correct administration of the drug and must observe for adverse side effects

What are some sources of drugs - ANSWER plants, animals, inorganic compounds

What is the initial trial of a chemical thought to have therapeutic potential; uses laboratory animals, not human subjects - ANSWER preclinical trials

_________________ means having adverse effects on the fetus - ANSWER teratogenic

What are the nursing responsibilities with regard to drug therapy? - ANSWER administering, assessing, intervening, providing patient teaching about drugs, monitoring overall patient care plan

What are the two reasons that preclinical trials may be performed? - ANSWER 1. to determine whether or not they have presumed effects on living tissue 2. to evaluate any adverse effects

Who are the volunteers in phase 1 studies - ANSWER humans: generally young healthy men

What happens during phase 4 of studies - ANSWER it is a post-marketing surveillance period, must report adverse effects if not already known

Why are generic names used - ANSWER because they are universally recognized

What is how hospitals decide what drugs they will have on hand based on cost and other factors - ANSWER formulary

How are drugs evaluated for pregnancy - ANSWER risk vs. benefit

For drugs for pregnancy what category should never be given - ANSWER X

Describe category D for pregnancy drugs - ANSWER fetal risks may outweigh benefits

How would you go about approaching category D drugs - ANSWER informed consent about risk, developing a plan to reduce risks as much as possible

What kind of controlled substances have the least potential for people getting addicted to them - ANSWER Control V

Controlled substances are... - ANSWER perscription only

What kind of controlled substances cannot be refilled - ANSWER schedule 1 and 2 drugs

Schedule 1 drugs include... - ANSWER ilicit drugs

What is the difference between generic and non-generic drugs - ANSWER same active ingredient but some generic has up to 10% more or less active ingredient while name brand can have 5% more or less active ingredients