Download Pharmacology Final Exam Week 11 Questions with Answers 2025 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
Which of the following would the nurse include in a teaching plan about the signs and symptoms of thrombophlebitis and thromboembolism that should bereported by a patient taking estrogen?
Selected Answer:
Headaches and chest pain
A 38-year-old pregnant patient admits to the nurse that she is an alcoholic and has been consuming alcohol during her pregnancy. The nurse knows that usingalcohol during pregnancy may result in a child who presents with
Selected Answer:
Microcephaly.
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once a day.
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A 48-year-old Caucasian man who has adult-onset diabetes
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"Lately, I have to get up three or four times a night to go to thebathroom."
After 6 months of unsuccessfully trying to conceive, a 31-year-old woman and her husband have sought a referral to a fertility specialist in order to explore their options. A nurse at the clinic should recognize that the woman may benefitfrom
Selected clomiphene.
A nurse practitioner orders 150 mg of oral fluconazole for a patient with
vulvovaginal candidiasis. The patient should expect to take medication
A nurse works at a weight management clinic. To which of the following
overweight patients could the nurse safely administer dextroamphetamine?
A 71-year-old man has just been prescribed finasteride (Proscar). Which of the
following complaints by this patient most likely indicated a need for this drug?
Answer:
An oncology nurse is reviewing the pathophysiology of cancer and is discussing with a colleague the factors that contribute to the success or failure of a patient's chemotherapy. Which of the following cancerous cells is most susceptible to theeffects of chemotherapeutic drugs?
Selected Answer:
Cells that have a rapid mitotic rate
A middle-aged patient has received a diagnosis of GI stromal tumor following anextensive diagnostic workup. Imagine has been recommended as a component of the patient's drug regimen. What patient education should the nurse provide to this patient?
Selected Answer:
"It's important that you let us know if you develop anysignificant swelling or puffiness."
A 12-year-old boy is being discharged from the hospital after major surgery. Theboy will be taking two medications at home for an extended period. The nurse who is discharging the patient should provide medication teaching specifically to
Selected Answer:
both the boy and his mother regarding all medicationissued.
A patient has been admitted to the critical care unit with a diagnosis of peritonitisthat has necessitated treatment with gentamicin. As a result, the care team should be cautious when concurrently administering other medications that maycause
Selected Answer:
ototoxicity or nephrotoxicity.
A 39-year-old woman is receiving doxorubicin for the treatment of cancer. Aftereach treatment, the patient has acute nausea and vomiting accompanied by a slightly increased heart rate. The nurse will advise her to
Selected Answer:
perform relaxation techniques after the treatments.
A male patient with a medical background tells the nurse that he is not satisfied with the oral synthetic testosterone that has been prescribed for him and he would like to try a natural form of oral testosterone. Which of the following wouldbe an appropriate response by the nurse?
Selected Answer:
"Natural testosterone undergoes a high first-pass effect and isnot used orally."
A male patient is trying to decide if he should use finasteride (Proscar) to treat benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). When providing information about the drug,the nurse will include which of the following as a risk associated with finasteride therapy?
Selected Answer:
Sexual dysfunction related to erectile dysfunction
A 2-year-old child is diagnosed with a minor ailment and is to be administered medications at home for 2 weeks. The child lives with his mother, grandmother,and four other children between the ages of 14 months and 7 years. The homehealth nurse is asked to assess the home environment to determine if it is appropriate for the child to take his medication at home. Which of the followingwill have the greatest impact on the nurse's assessment?
Selected Answer:
Where the medications will be stored
A 22-year-old woman has given birth to an infant who exhibits the signs andsymptoms of maternal cocaine use during pregnancy. These signs and symptoms are a result of what pathophysiological effect of opioid use duringpregnancy?
Selected Answer:
Vasoconstriction leading to reduced placental blood flow
A 62-year-old patient taking tamoxifen exhibits increased bone and tumor painalong with a local disease flare. The nurse interprets this as an indication of which of the following?
Selected Answer:
The tumor responding to treatment
A female patient is prescribed oprelvekin therapy to treat thrombocytopenia. Which of the following should the nurse continuously monitor to determine theefficacy and duration of the oprelvekin therapy?
Selected Answer:
Weight gain
The clinical nurse educator who oversees the emergency department in a children's hospital has launched an awareness program aimed at reducing drugerrors. What measure addresses the most common cause of incorrect doses inthe care of infants and children?
Selected Answer:
Having nurses check their math calculations with a colleaguebefore administering a drug.
A patient has completed 4 weeks of treatment with epoetin Alfa. Which of the following assessment findings would most strongly indicate that treatment hasbeen effective?
Selected Answer:
The patient's hemoglobin level is 11g/ld.
A patient has been scheduled to begin treatment with rituximab for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The nurse who will administer this drug should understand that it targets
Selected Answer:
specific antigens on the surface of malignant B cells.
A 15-year-old boy has been diagnosed with bone cancer after several months offatigue and pain. What question should the nurse include in an assessment when trying to minimize the potential for adverse drug reactions?
Selected Answer:
"Do you ever use alcohol or drugs?"
A 30-year-old man with a BMI of 59 has recently been diagnosed with type 2
diabetes mellitus. In light of the man's lack of success with weight loss programs
practitioner about safe treatment options. What analgesic can the nurse mostsafely recommend?
Selected Answer:
Acetaminophen
A patient receiving high-dose cisplatin therapy exhibits symptoms of hypomagnesemia. Which of the following should the nurse suggest to helpoffset the magnesium losses from the cisplatin therapy?
Selected Answer:
Consuming chocolates
A child is admitted to the burn unit with second and third degree burns on both arms and part of his or her face. When administering topical medications to theburned areas, the nurse should
Selected Answer:
use sterile technique when applying the medication.
An immunocompromised 7-year-old child was recently discharged home with aperipherally- inserted central line (PIC line) for home antibiotic therapy. He has now been brought to the emergency department by his mother and father with signs and symptoms of line sepsis. Upon questioning, the mother states that she has been removing the PIC dressing daily and washing the site with warmwater and a cloth. What nursing diagnosis is most appropriate in this situation?
Selected Answer:
Knowledge Deficit
A 21-year-old female has a history of irregular menses. She recently becamesexually active, and would like to begin taking oral contraceptives (OCs). Thenurse practitioner recognizes that most likely this patient would benefit from taking which category of OCs.
Selected Answer:
Monophasic
A 3-year-old boy has developed otitis media and requires antibiotics. In order to
increase the chance that the boy will take his prescribed medication, the nurse
should
Selected Answer:
offer a choice between liquid and chewable medications, ifpossible.
A nurse is providing patient education to a 13-year-old girl who was just diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements bythe patient will alert the nurse that special instructions regarding insulin are necessary?
Selected Answer:
"I am on the middle school track team."
A 28-year-old woman has completed rituximab therapy for an autoimmune disease. She tells the nurse that she and her husband would like to start afamily. The nurse will advise her to
Selected Answer:
continue using birth control for at least 12months.
A 73-year-old woman has osteoporosis and is prescribed alendronate. She takes calcium and vitamin D supplements, drinks lots of water, and has just quitsmoking. The nurse should advise the patient to also
Selected Answer:
perform light-weight exercises and go for walks.
A nurse is performing patient education for a woman who has just been prescribed a bisphosphonate. Which of the following diagnostic and historyfindings would have prompted the woman's care provider to prescribe a bisphosphonate?
Selected Answer:
Low bone density and a family history of osteoporosis
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"Make sure to seek care quickly if you experience bad headaches, calf pain, or changes in vision."
A 20-year-old woman will soon begin taking oral contraceptives for the first time.
What advice should the nurse provide to this patient?
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Muscle pain or tingling
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staining of permanent teeth.
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once a day.
A nurse has questioned why a patient's physician has prescribed a narrow- spectrum antibiotic rather than a broad-spectrum drug in the treatment of a patient's infection. Which of the following facts provides the best rationale for theuse of narrow-spectrum antibiotics whenever possible?
Selected Answer:
The use of broad-spectrum antibiotics can create a risk for a superinfection.
A female patient has been prescribed estrogen therapy. Which of the followingwill the nurse advise the patient is a common adverse effect of estrogen therapy?
Selected Answer:
Breakthrough bleeding
A nurse is discussing oprelvekin therapy with a male patient. Which of the following will the nurse tell the patient is the most common adverse effect of thedrug?
Selected Answer:
Fluid retention/weightgain
A 7-year-old child has been taking tetracycline for a bacterial infection. The
nurse will be sure to inform the parents that this drug could cause
Sulconazole has been prescribed for a patient with tinea pedis. The nurse will
instruct the patient to use the topical agent
A man has a demonstrated history of androgen deficiency and the consequences of this health problem include an inability to maintain an erection.Which of the following medications would best address this patient's erectile dysfunction (ED)?
Selected Answer:
Exogenous testosterone
A female patient has follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and is receiving thalidomide (Thalomid). It will be most important for the nurse to monitor thispatient for which of the following?
Selected Answer:
Bleeding
A nurse has administered filgrastim to a diverse group of patients in recent months. Which of the following patients should the nurse observe for extremelyelevated white blood cell counts following administration of the drug?
Selected Answer:
A 19-year-old male receiving radiotherapy
A nurse is aware that the concept of selective toxicity is foundational to antimicrobial therapy. Which of the following statements most accuratelydescribes selective toxicity?
Selected Answer:
A drug harms microbes without harming human cells.
A 59-year-old man with a recent history of erectile dysfunction has been assessed and prescribed sildenafil (Viagra). When providing patient educationto this man, the nurse should tell him which of the following?
Selected Answer:
"You might find that your face becomes flushed or you get aheadache after you take Viagra."
A nurse has completed a medication reconciliation of a patient who has been admitted following a motor vehicle accident. Among the many drugs that the patient has received in the previous year is rituximab. The nurse would be justified in suspecting the patient may have received treatment for which of the
Answer: contraception.
The nurse recognizes that the potential for teratogenicity drug effects is not staticthroughout the prenatal and postnatal periods. The potential for teratogenicity effects is highest during
Selected Answer:
the first 2 months of pregnancy.
On the advice of her sister, a 52-year-old woman has visited her nurse practitioner to discuss the potential benefits of hormone replacement therapy incontrolling the symptoms of menopause. Which of the following responses by the nurse is most appropriate?
Selected Answer:
"It's important to balance the possible benefits of HRT with the fact that it might increase your risk of heart disease and stroke"
A 16-year-old boy is prescribed commonly sodium nasal spray to treat a nasal allergy. To maximize the therapeutic effects of the drug, which of the following will the nurse include in instructions to the patient?
Selected Answer:
Take the drug for one full week before coming in contact withallergens
A nurse who provides care on a pediatric unit of a hospital is aware that the potential for harm as a result of drug errors is higher among infants and childrenthan adults. This fact is primarily due to
Selected Answer:
immature liver and kidney function in infants andchildren.
A nurse who provides care on a pediatric medicine unit has conducted a medication reconciliation of a recently-admitted patient. In light of the fact thatthe child takes methylphenidate (Ritalin), the nurse is justified in considering ahistory of what health problem?
Selected Answer:
ADHD
A nurse is caring for a 64-year-old female patient who is receiving IV heparin and reports bleeding from her gums. The nurse checks the patient's laboratorytest results and finds that she has a very high apt. The nurse anticipates thatwhich of the following drugs may be ordered?
Selected Answer:
Protamine sulfate
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height and weight.
A 9-year-old boy was bought to his primary care provider by his mother with signs and symptoms of hookworm infection and will be sent home with a prescription for mebendazole. When provided patient and family education, thenurse should teach the mother with which of the following measures to avoid reinfection following treatment?
Selected Answer:
The importance of vigilant hygiene for the boy and the othermembers of the family
A 43-year-old man has been diagnosed with active TB. He is prescribed a multiple drug therapy, including INH and rifampin. A priority assessment by thenurse will be to monitor which combination of laboratory test results?
Selected Answer:
Serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, andbilirubin
During ongoing assessment of a patient receiving 5-FU therapy, the nurse findsthe patient's platelet count to be 92,000 cells/mm3. The nurse should do which of the following?
Selected Answer:
Consult the prescriber for discontinuation of thedrug
each clinic visit, the nurse's priority assessment would be
A nurse is discussing with a 58-year-old male patient the causes of erectile
dysfunction in men over 50 years of age. Which of the following will the nurse
A 66-year-old man has made an appointment with his primary care provider to discuss his recent erectile dysfunction (ED) and has requested a prescription fortadalafil (Cialis) based on television commercials he has seen. What characteristic of this patient would most likely contraindicate the use of tadalafil for his ED?
Selected Answer:
The patient has unstable angina and uses a nitroglycerinpatch
A nurse is caring for a patient who is at 28 weeks' gestation and is receivingterbutaline (Brethine) to control preterm labor. Which of the following assessment parameters should the nurse prioritize?
Selected Answer:
Fetal heart rate (FHR)
A patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) will be starting a course of doxorubicin shortly. When planning this patient's care, what nursing diagnosisshould the nurse prioritize?
Selected Answer:
Risk for Infection related to suppressed bone marrowfunction
Selected Answer:
body fluids such as urine, saliva, tears, and sputum maybecome discolored.
A nurse is administering rituximab to a patient via the IV route. The nurse will setthe IV pump at 50 mg/hour for the first half hour of the initial infusion. If there arenot apparent reactions after 30 minutes of the infusion, the nurse will increase the dosage every 30 minutes by 50 mg/hour until the maximum infusion rate reaches which of the following?
Selected Answer:
400 mg/hour
A patient is taking rifampin (Rifadin) for active TB. When discussing this drug
with the patient, the nurse should stress that
A 60-year-old patient experienced a sudden onset of chest pain and shortness of breath and was subsequently diagnosed with a pulmonary embolism in the emergency department. The patient has been started on an intravenous heparininfusion. How does this drug achieve therapeutic effect?
Selected Answer:
By inhibiting platelet aggregation on vessel walls andpromoting fibrinolysis
A patient will soon begin targeted therapy as a component of her treatment planfor chronic leukemia. The nurse is conducting health education about this new aspect of the patient's drug regimen and the patient has asked about the potential side effects of treatment. How should the nurse best respond?
Selected Answer:
"Both classes of drugs have adverse effects, but targeted therapies tend to have less of an effect on healthy body cells."
A patient is taking topside for a testicular tumor refractory to treatment. Thenursing assessment reveals that he is also taking warfarin. The nurse must carefully monitor for which of the following?
Selected Answer:
Elevated prothrombin time
Selected Answer:
a baseline complete blood count.
A patient is prescribed ganciclovir to treat a CMV infection. An oral dosage is prescribed. To help increase bioavailability of the drug, the nurse will encouragethe patient to take the medication
Selected Answer:
on an empty stomach.
A 29-year-old woman who is morbidly obese has recently begun a comprehensive, medically-supervised program of weight reduction. Prior to adding dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine) to her regimen, the patient should bequestioned about her intake of
A patient is receiving long-term clindamycin therapy for a life-threatening
infection. The nurse will begin by monitoring this drug therapy by obtaining
Selected Answer:
in the buckle pouch.
Selected Answer:
mg
A patient is being treated for Mycoplasma pneumonia pneumonia. She is allergic to penicillin and is being given azithromycin (Zithromax) in capsule form.The nurse will inform the patient that she will need to take the capsule
Selected Answer:
on an empty stomach.
A nurse is explaining to a pregnant 21-year-old college student why she cannot continue to take ibuprofen (Advil) for her headaches. The nurse draws a picture depicting drug molecules crossing the placental membrane and entering into thefetal circulation. The nurse tells the patient that the main reason this happens is because
Selected Answer:
drugs compete with the hormones of pregnancy for albumin-binding sites.
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on an empty stomach 1 hour before or 2 hours after taking anymeals or other drugs.
A nurse practitioner orders a single dose of 2 g Metronidazole orally. How many
milligrams will the patient receive in one dose?
A patient has been prescribed oral tetracycline. The nurse will instruct the
patient to take the drug
