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PHARMACOLOGY REVIEW FOR 1460C MEDICATIONS
The nurse is caring for a client who has taken atenolol for 2 years. The healthcare provider recently changed the medication to enalapril to manage the client's blood pressure. Which instruction should the nurse provide the client regarding the new medication? A. Take the medication at bedtime. B. Report the presence of increased bruising. C. Check pulse before taking medication. D. Rise slowly when getting out of bed or chair.
A female client calls the clinic and talks with the nurse to inquire about a possible reaction after taking amoxicillin for 5 days. She reports having vaginal discomfort, itching, and a white discharge. The nurse should discuss which action with the client? A. Discontinue the antibiotic because the original symptoms have subsided. B. Continue taking medication until finished until the symptoms subside. C. Consult with a healthcare provider about another treatment for this effect. D. Use an over-the-counter (OTC) vaginal wash to flush out the secretions.
The nurse is making early morning rounds on a group of clients when a client begins exhibiting symptoms of an acute asthma attack. The nurse administers a PRN prescription for a Beta 2 receptor agonist agent. Which client response should the nurse expect? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY) A. Tachycardia. B. Increased blood pressure. C. Rapid resolution of wheezing. D. Improved pulse oximetry values. E. Reduce fever airway inflammation.
A client prescribed atenolol has a blood pressure of 120/68 mmHg, displaying a sinus bradycardia with a rate of 58 beats/minute, and a P-R interval of 0.24. Which action should the nurse take? A. Lower the head of the bed and assess the client for orthostatic vital sign changes. B. Give the medication as prescribed and continue to monitor the client. C. Prepare to administer atropine sulfate IV push. D. Hold the prescribed dose and contact the healthcare provider.
The nurse is preparing the 0900 dose of losartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), for a client with hypertension and heart failure. The nurse reviews the client's laboratory results and notes that the client's serum potassium level is 5.9 mEq/L. Which action should the nurse take first? A. Withhold the scheduled dose. B. Check the client's apical pulse. C. Notify the healthcare provider. D. Repeat the serum potassium level.
Upon admission to the emergency center, an adult client with acute status asthmaticus is prescribed this series of medications. In which order should the nurse administer the prescribed medications? (Arrange from first to last.) 1 Prednisone orally. 2 Gentamicin IM. 3 Albuterol puffs. 4 Salmeterol
An adult client is given a prescription for a scopolamine patch to prevent motion sickness while on a cruise. Which information should the nurse provide to the client? A. Apply the patch at least 4 hours prior to departure. B. Change the patch every other day while on the cruise. C. Place the patch on a hairless area at the base of the skull. D. Drink no more than 2 alcoholic drinks during the cruise.
A client with giardiasis is taking metronidazole 2 grams PO. Which information should the nurse include in the client's instruction? A. Notify the clinic of any changes in the color of urine. B. Encourage the use of over-the-counter cough/cold syrup when a cough/cold develops. C. Stop the medication after the diarrhea resolves. D. Take the medication with food.
B. Constipation. C. Urinary retention. D. Respiratory depression.
A client is prescribed controlled-release oxycodone. Which dosing schedule is best for the nurse to teach the client? A. As needed. B. Every 12 hours. C. Every 24 hours. D. Every 4 to 6 hours.
Which client should the nurse identify as being at highest risk for complications during the use of an opioid analgesic? A. An older client with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. B. A client with chronic rheumatoid arthritis. C. A client with a open compound fracture. D. A young adult with inflammatory bowel disease.
Which medications should the nurse caution the client about taking while receiving an opioid analgesic? A. Antacids. B. Benzodiazepines. C. Antihypertensives. D. Oral antidiabetics.
The healthcare provider prescribes a beta-1 agonist medication to be administered. The nurse should anticipate the medication to be prescribed for a client diagnosed with which condition? A. Glaucoma. B. Hypertension. C. Heart failure. D. Asthma.
An older client with a decreased percentage of lean body mass is admitted to the hospital. Which pharmacokinetic process is affected and should be considered in the client's dosing of medication? A. Absorption. B. Metabolism. C. Elimination. D. Distribution.
A client being discharged home is prescribed an antibiotic with a dosage three times higher than it was administered when the client was in the hospital. Which route of administration should the nurse anticipate will be prescribed for the greatest first-pass effect? A. Oral. B. Sublingual. C. Intravenous. D. Subcutaneous
The healthcare provider prescribes naproxen twice daily for a client with osteoarthritis of the hands. The client tells the nurse that the drug does not seem to be effective after three weeks. Which is the best response for the nurse to provide? A. The frequency of the dosing is necessary to increase the effectiveness. B. Therapeutic blood levels of this drug are reached in 4 to 6 weeks. C. Another type of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug may be indicated. D. Systemic corticosteroids are the next drugs of choice for pain relief.
After abdominal surgery, a client is prescribed low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). During administration of the medication, the client asks the nurse the reason for the medication. Which is the best response for the nurse to provide the client? A. This medication is given to prevent blood clot formation. B. This medication enhances antibiotics to prevent infection. C. This medication dissolves clots that develop in the legs. D. This medication enhances the healing of wounds.
A client with heart failure is prescribed spironolactone. Which information is most important for the nurse to provide to the client about diet modifications?
The nurse is providing care for a client prescribed propranolol. Which symptoms should the nurse report to the healthcare provider immediately? A. Headache, hypertension, and blurred vision. B. Wheezing, hypotension, and AV block. C. Vomiting, dilated pupils, and papilledema. D. Tinnitus, muscle weakness, and tachypnea.
A client asks the nurse if glipizide is an oral insulin. Which response should the nurse provide? A. "Yes, it is an oral insulin and has the same actions and properties as intermediate insulin." B. "Yes, it is an oral insulin and is distributed, metabolized, and excreted in the same manner as insulin." C. "No, it is not an oral insulin and can be used only when some beta cell function is present." D. "No, it is not an oral insulin, but it is effective for those who are resistant to injectable insulins."
A 43-year-old female client is prescribed thyroid replacement hormone following a thyroidectomy. Which adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to report immediately to the healthcare provider? A. Tinnitus and dizziness. B Tachycardia and chest pain. C. Dry skin and intolerance to cold. D. Weight gain and increased appetite
A client prescribed albuterol tablets reports nausea every evening with the 9:00 p.m. dose. Which action should the nurse perform to alleviate this side effect? A. Change the time of the dose. B. Hold the 9 p.m. dose. C. Administer the dose with a snack. D. Offer an antiemetic with the dose.
A peak and trough level is prescribed for a client receiving antibiotic therapy. When should the nurse should obtain the trough level? A Sixty minutes after the antibiotic dose is administered.
B. Immediately before the next antibiotic dose is given. C. Upon completion of the prescribed antibiotic regime. D. An hour before the next antibiotic dose is given.
A client is prescribed ampicillin sodium for a sinus infection. The nurse should instruct the client to notify the healthcare provider immediately if which symptom occurs? A. Rash. B. Nausea. C. Headache. D. Dizziness.
While taking a medical history, the client states, "I am allergic to penicillin." What related allergy to another type of anti-infective agent should the nurse ask the client about when taking the nursing history? A, Aminoglycosides. B. Cephalosporins. C, Sulfonamides. D. Tetracyclines.
The healthcare provider prescribes naloxone for a client in the emergency room. Which assessment data would indicate that the naloxone has been effective? A. A client's statement that the chest pain is better. B. Respiratory rate is 16 breaths/minute. C. Seizure activity has stopped temporarily. D. Pupils are constricted bilaterally.
A client is prescribed morphine 1 mg IV per hour basal rate with 1 mg IV every 15 minutes per patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump for a total of 5 mg IV maximally per hour. Which nursing action has the highest priority before initiating the PCA pump? A. Assessment of the expiration date on the morphine syringe in the pump. B. Assessment of the rate and depth of the client's respirations. C. Assessment of the type of anesthesia used during the surgical procedure. D. Assessment of the client's subjective and objective signs of pain.
C.. Red blood cells D. Serum glucose
A client is receiving clonidine 0.1 mg/24 hr. via transdermal patch. Which assessment finding indicates the desired effect of the medication has been achieved? A. Absence of nausea and vomiting. B. Change in peripheral edema from +3 to +1. C. Denial of anginal pain and shortness of breath. D. Blood pressure from 180/120 mmHg to 140/70 mmHg.
A client who was prescribed atorvastatin one month ago calls the triage nurse at the clinic complaining of muscle pain and weakness in his legs. Which statement reflects the correct drug- specific teaching the nurse should provide to this client? A. Increase consumption of potassium-rich foods since low potassium levels can cause muscle spasms. B. Have serum electrolytes checked at the next scheduled appointment to assess hyponatremia, a cause of cramping. C. Make an appointment to see the healthcare provider, because muscle pain may be an indication of a serious side effect. D. Be sure to consume a low-cholesterol diet while taking the drug to enhance the effectiveness of the drug.
The nurse administers a dose of metoprolol for a client. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to obtain? A. Temperature. B. Lung sounds. C. Blood pressure. D. Urinary output.
A postoperative client receiving a continuous IV infusion of meperidine 35 mg/hr for the past four days has become increasingly restless and irritable, and begins to hallucinate. Which action should the nurse take first? A. Administer a PRN dose of the PO lithium. B. Administer naloxone IV push. C, Call the provider for an order to decrease the IV infusion rate. D. Increase the IV infusion rate of the meperidine.
A client being discharged is prescribed warfarin for the treatment following a pulmonary embolism. Which diagnostic test should the nurse instruct the client to receive once a month? A. Perfusion scan. B. Prothrombin Time (PT) and INR. C. Activated partial thromboplastin (aPTT). D. Serum Coumadin level (SCL).
A client being treated for hyperthyroidism with propylthiouracil (PTU) asks the nurse how the medication works. Which is the best response to give the client? A. It decreases the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone circulating in the blood. B. It increases the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone circulating in the blood. C. It enhances the amount of T4 and diminishes the amount of T3 produced by the thyroid. D It inhibits the synthesis of T3 and T4 by the thyroid gland.
A client with heart failure is being discharged with a new prescription for the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor lisinopril. The nurse's discharge instructions should include reporting which problem to the healthcare provider? A. Weight loss. B. Dizziness. C. Muscle cramps. D. Dry mucous membranes
Following the administration of sublingual nitroglycerin to a client experiencing an acute anginal attack, which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that the desired effect has been achieved? A. Client states chest pain is relieved. B. Client's pulse decreases from 120 to 90. C. Client's systolic blood pressure decreases from 180 to 90. D. Client's SaO2 level increases from 92% to 96%.
The healthcare provider prescribes digoxin for a client diagnosed with heart failure. Which intervention should the nurse implement prior to administering the digoxin? A. Observe respiratory rate and depth. B. Assess the serum potassium level. C. Obtain the client's blood pressure. D. Monitor the serum glucose level.
